机械合金化反应烧结制备SiC／MoSi2复合材料

对机械合金化SiC／MoSi2的先驱粉体及随后反应烧结制备SiC／MoSi2复合材料工艺研究表明：经机械合金化的先驱粉体主要成分为MoSi2。反应烧结温度在Si的熔点以上时，由于Si在MoSi2颗粒的表面的润湿铺展，导致烧结1h后的产物为Mo5Si3C，MoSi2，SiC和单质Si；在Si的熔点以下时，对过渡相Mo5Si3C的产生有一定抑制作用，反应烧结过程中只有少量过渡相Mo5Si3C出现；通过1600℃真空热处理2h可以基本上消除Mo5Si3C相，得到只有MoSi2和SiC两相的均匀材料。     

原位合成SiC/MoSi2复合材料的研究

以Mo、Si、C原始粉末为原料,进行机械球磨混合制备混合粉,然后进行原位反应热压烧结制备SiC/MoSi2复合材料.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜对试样进行物相和显微组织观察,并对原位反应机制进行了探讨.结果表明,在选定的球磨条件下,Mo、Si、C混合粉没有发生机械合金化;Mo-Si-C三元系混合粉在原位反应条件下可消除Mo5Si3C等中间相,得到的颗粒细小、相分布均匀以及相组成为SiC与MoSi2的SiC-40vol％/MoSi2复合材料.     

烧结温度对放电等离子烧结原位MoSi_2显微结构的影响

以Mo-Si为反应体系,采用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)直接合成致密的MoSi2块体材料。着重研究了烧结温度对SPS合成MoSi2显微组织及致密性的影响。结果表明,SPS合成材料由MoSi2和分布于晶界上的Mo5Si3和少量的SiO2组成。随着烧结温度的升高,试样液相烧结的程度增大,合成材料致密性提高,但Mo5Si3含量明显增加。加入过量的Si和控制温度,有利于消除Mo5Si3。     

反应熔渗法制备Mo(Si,Al)2-SiC复合材料的研究

通过尝试对MoSi2+C坯体中熔融渗Al制备了Mo(Si,Al)2-SiC复合材料,并对其组织及性能进行了研究.反应熔渗Al法制备Mo(Si,Al)2-SiC复合材料中,反应生成物主要为Mo(Si1-x,Alx)2和SiC相,还有少量Mo5Si3C和Al相.随着x值的增加,Mo5Si3C相和Al相逐渐减少,并消失.其组织为片状Mo(Si,Al)2组织间隙中分布着针尖状SiC颗粒;从断口形貌看,SiC颗粒非常细小,团聚在大的Mo(Si,Al)2颗粒周围.根据断口形貌,部分形成的SiC为晶须状,当x=0.4时,形成的SiC多为晶须状,并且形成的晶须状的SiC和Mo(Si,Al)2连成片.反应熔渗Al法制备复合材料抗弯强度是随着x值先增加后降低,在设计值x=0.237时取得最高值.     

反应熔渗法制备Mo(Si,Al)2-SiC复合材料的研究

通过尝试对MoSi2+C坯体中熔融渗Al制备了Mo(Si,Al)2-SiC复合材料,并对其组织及性能进行了研究.反应熔渗Al法制备Mo(Si,Al)2-SiC复合材料中,反应生成物主要为Mo(Si1-x,Alx)2和SiC相,还有少量Mo5Si3C和Al相.随着x值的增加,Mo5Si3C相和Al相逐渐减少,并消失.其组织为片状Mo(Si,Al)2组织间隙中分布着针尖状SiC颗粒;从断口形貌看,SiC颗粒非常细小,团聚在大的Mo(Si,Al)2颗粒周围.根据断口形貌,部分形成的SiC为晶须状,当x=0.4时,形成的SiC多为晶须状,并且形成的晶须状的SiC和Mo(Si,Al)2连成片.反应熔渗Al法制备复合材料抗弯强度是随着x值先增加后降低,在设计值x=0.237时取得最高值.     

1200℃Mo-Si-C三元系组元化学势稳定性相图

收集并计算了Mo Si C三元系在 12 0 0℃下各组元化合物的热力学数据。利用Mo Si C三元系在该温度下的平衡相图以及收集计算的热力学数据 ,计算了该三元系中各组元的化学势 ,并作出了相应的化学势稳定性相图。讨论了热力学、物质平衡和动力学原则在固态置换反应原位合成复合材料中的应用。对于MoSi2 SiC复合材料的原位合成 ,可以确定反应起始物为Mo2 C和Si。利用Mo Si C三元系 12 0 0℃下的平衡相图和组元化学势稳定性相图分析了固态置换反应原位合成MoSi2 SiC复合材料可能的反应路径。     

不同Al含量Mo(Si_(1-x),Al_x)_2材料的高温氧化行为

以MoSi2、Mo和Al粉末为原料,采用真空热压烧结制备不同Al含量的Mo(Si1-x,Alx)2材料,考察Al含量对MoSi2材料微观结构和高温氧化行为的影响。结果表明,当x=0和0.05时,Mo(Si1-x,Alx)2材料主要由呈C11b结构的MoSi2组成;当x=0.1时,该材料主要由呈C40结构的Mo(Si0.9,Al0.1)2和MoSi2组成;当x=0.2~0.4时,该材料由呈C40结构的Mo(Si1-x,Alx)2相组成。随着Al含量的增加,Mo(Si,Al)2晶格膨胀增大。1200℃氧化时,不同Al含量Mo(Si1-x,Alx)2材料的氧化动力学均呈抛物线规律;Mo(Si,Al)2中Al含量越高,氧化增量越大,抗氧化能力越低。当x=0和0.05时,材料表面氧化生成了连续致密的SiO2氧化膜;当x=0.1时,氧化层由SiO2·Al2O3混合氧化膜组成;当x=0.2~0.4时,材料表面氧化生成连续的Al2O3氧化膜。由于Si和Al的扩散,氧化膜与Mo(Si1-x,Alx)2界面处形成了Mo5(Si,Al)3过渡区。     

2％C／MoSi2复合材料的组织结构与性能

采用热压烧结工艺制得了2％C／MoSi2（质量分数）复合材料,并测定了材料的显微组织和结构、室温和高温力学性能、耐磨性能以及电阻率。结果:C／MoSi2复合材料由大量的MoSi2、多量的Mo5Si3和少量的β－SiC组成,其硬度Hv为1060,抗弯强度为470MPa,断裂韧性为5．12MPa.m^1/2,800℃的硬度Hv为750,1200℃的抗压强度为450MPa,1400℃的抗压强度为142MPa;在Al2O3和SiC磨盘上表现出优异的耐磨性能,材料的电阻率为349n.m。与纯MoSi2相比,2％C／MoSi2复合材料在硬度、抗弯强度、断裂性、高温抗压强度、弹性模量和耐磨性能等方面都有较大的提高。     

C／C复合材料Mo-Si-N抗氧化涂层的制备

在C／C复合材料表面采用熔浆法制备Mo—Si系涂层的烧结过程中通入氮气，开发了Si3N4．MoSi2／Si—SiC（Mo-Si-N系）多层抗氧化涂层，并初步考察了涂层的抗氧化性能。结果表明，多层涂层的致密性主要受制于起始氮化温度。只有在Si熔点以上通入氮气，才能获得致密无缺陷的涂层。多层涂层的底层为SiC，外层为Si3N4，中间层为MoSi2／Si。这种多层涂层的抗氧化性能与涂层中MoSi2的含量有关；MoSi2含量为30％（体积分数，下同）和40％时，与真空中合成的Mo-Si涂层相比，高温抗氧化性能显著改善，抗氧化温度提高到1400℃～1450℃。     

金属钼表面Mo-C-N-Si涂层的制备及其高温氧化特性

在金属钼表面制备了Mo-C-N-Si涂层,研究了涂层在1600℃大气环境下的氧化特性,采用SEM和XRD分析了涂层的微观结构和物相组成。结果表明:Mo-C-N-Si涂层以MoSi2为主相,SiC和Si3N4为次相,存在Mo2C+MoxN中间层;由于扩散和氧化反应,涂层在氧化初期形成SiO2氧化膜层、MoSi2主体层、Mo5Si3层和Mo2C+MoxN层等四层结构,氧化后期转变为Mo2C+MoxN层和Mo3Si+Mo5Si3层的双层结构,导致涂层失效。由于C、N的引入,涂层抗热震性能良好。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis