DCOIT复合Zn-Ni合金抗菌镀层的制备及其耐SRB腐蚀性能研究

目的 提高Zn-Ni合金镀层的耐微生物腐蚀性能。方法 在硫酸盐电镀液中添加梯度浓度的4,5-二氯-N-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮（DCOIT）,利用恒电流沉积方法,在碳钢表面阴极电沉积获得DCOIT复合Zn-Ni合金镀层。通过电沉积电位监测与电流效率计算评价DCOIT对电沉积过程的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜、电子能谱、X射线晶体衍射等研究DCOIT对Zn-Ni复合镀层形貌、结构与Ni含量的影响,使用傅里叶红外吸收光谱和荧光显微观察法验证DCOIT的成功复合及复合镀层的抗菌性能,最后将DCOIT复合Zn-Ni合金镀层暴露于硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）中,监测菌液的pH与菌体浓度,同时计算镀层的腐蚀速率,并观察镀层的腐蚀形貌,评价复合镀层的耐SRB腐蚀性能。结果 DCOIT在电沉积过程中会吸附在沉积表面,造成沉积电位负移,并略微降低了电流效率。DCOIT的添加显著改变了复合镀层的形貌、结构与Ni含量,其Ni含量与DCOIT的添加量呈线性增长关系,导致其晶体结构转变。DCOIT以有效形式存在于复合Zn-Ni合金镀层中,并显示出抗菌性能,DCOIT添加量为2 mmol/L时,镀层中的复合量最高,抗菌性能最好。最后,DCOIT复合Zn-Ni合金镀层能有效抑制环境中SRB的生长与代谢,自身腐蚀速率减慢,耐蚀性能明显增强。结论 DCOIT能够以有效形式复合于Zn-Ni合金镀层内部,并有效提高了镀层的抗菌性能,使其获得增强的耐SRB腐蚀性能。     

镀液中纳米颗粒浓度对n-Al2O3/Ni复合电沉积的影响

利用电沉积方法制备了n-Al2O3/Ni复合镀层.研究了镀液中添加不同纳米颗粒浓度对复合镀层沉积速率、电流效率、镀层中纳米颗粒共析量、表面形貌及腐蚀电位的影响.研究表明,随着镀液中纳米颗粒浓度提高,镀层中的纳米颗粒共析量也随之提高,在20 g/L时趋于稳定;沉积速度和电流效率先增后降,在30 g/L时达到最大;纳米颗粒的加入改变并细化了镀层的表面形貌;当纳米颗粒浓度20 g/L和30 g/L时镀层表现出较好的耐腐蚀性能.     

镀液中纳米颗粒浓度对n-Al2O3/Ni复合电沉积的影响

利用电沉积方法制备了n–Al₂O₃/Ni复合镀层。研究了镀液中添加不同纳米颗粒浓度对复合镀层沉积速率、电流效率、镀层中纳米颗粒共析量、表面形貌及腐蚀电位的影响。研究表明，随着镀液中纳米颗粒浓度提高，镀层中的纳米颗粒共析量也随之提高，在20 g/L时趋于稳定；沉积速度和电流效率先增后降，在30 g/L时达到最大；纳米颗粒的加入改变并细化了镀层的表面形貌；当纳米颗粒浓度20 g/L和30 g/L时镀层表现出较好的耐腐蚀性能。     

超声辅助电沉积纯锌镀层的制备及耐磨、耐蚀性能研究

锌镀层由于其自腐蚀电位负、屏障作用良好而被广泛应用于海洋钢铁设施上。本工作将超声引入电沉积体系,利用超声辅助的方法在20#碳钢表面电沉积锌镀层,研究了超声功率变化对锌镀层性能的影响。沉积电位监测、电流效率计算结果显示,超声的引入能够明显增大电流效率,有利于节约电能。扫描电镜 (SEM)、X射线衍射仪 (XRD)、原子力显微镜 (AFM) 等结果显示,锌镀层晶体颗粒变小,形成的镀层更致密、均匀。磨耗测试、电化学阻抗谱 (EIS)、极化曲线 (Tafel) 等结果显示,超声的引入使得锌镀层耐磨性与耐蚀性能明显提升。     

电刷镀纳米结构镀层的发展及其机理研究走向

对电刷镀纳米结构镀层,包括纳米晶镀层、纳米颗粒复合镀层、纳米纤维复合镀层和纳米多层镀层的制备、性能及其应用进行了综述.提出了电刷镀纳米结构镀层相关机理的研究重点是:从电刷镀溶液高的金属离子含量、高的过电位和摩擦作用等对镀层形核与生长的影响研究电刷镀纳米晶的形成机理;从纳米第二相在镀液中的分散状态与负电特性及其对复合镀液特性的影响等研究复合电沉积机理;并用材料物理的方法开展强化机理的定量研究和用热力学的方法分析复合镀层的高温强化机理.     

铈对纳米晶锌镀层耐蚀性能的影响

在酸性硫酸盐直流电沉积纳米晶锌镀层的镀液体系中,引入铈盐后沉积得到新的纳米镀层。运用AES（原子发射光谱）、XRD及SEM等方法表征了含铈纳米晶锌镀层的化学组成与结构,采用电化学方法研究了铈对纳米晶锌镀层耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,镀液中加入硫酸亚铈后,能够沉积得到含有少量铈的纳米晶锌镀层,并且晶粒也发生了轻微的细化;与单纯锌镀层相比,含铈的锌镀层具有更高的耐蚀性能,其原因在于腐蚀过程中形成了更为致密的、以Zn₅（OH）₈Cl₂·H₂O为主的产物层,且Zn₅（OH）₈Cl₂·H₂O的择优取向与纯锌镀层不相同。     

全光亮碱性锌酸盐镀锌工艺研究

在碱性锌酸盐镀锌基础液中加入自制光亮剂XY-03A,研究成功了一种全光亮碱性锌酸盐镀锌工艺,确定了电镀工艺规范,采用霍尔槽试验探讨了主要成分对镀层质量的影响,检测了镀液和镀层性能,结果表明：所形成的锌镀层光亮度高,镀层结晶细致,与基体结合力好;镀液的分散能力、复盖能力、电流效率和镀层耐蚀性优于DE型镀锌工艺,具有较高的应用价值.     

高速电喷镀纳米复合镀层组织与性能研究

采用高速电喷镀工艺制备纳米Ni/PTFE复合镀层.研究了电流密度、镀液中纳米PTFE含量等工艺参数对镀层性能的影响.研究结果表明,提高电流密度可显著提高复合镀层的沉积速率、镀层与基体的结合强度以及镀层的耐腐蚀性;镀层与基体的结合强度随镀液中PTFE的加入量的改变而变化,当加入量为10ml/L时,镀层经30次热震试验后,镀层无明显剥落;Ni与纳米PTFE共沉积可显著改善镀层的酎腐蚀性能.     

光亮碱性Zn-Al合金电镀工艺研究

在碱性锌酸盐镀锌液中加入铝盐，研究成功了一种光亮碱性锌铝合金电镀工艺。采用霍尔槽试验探讨了镀液成分和工艺条件对镀层质量的影响，检测了镀液和镀层性能。研究结果表明：镀液阴极电流效率达到80%以上，镀液分散能力和复盖能力好，镀层中铝含量为1．5％左右，所形成的Zn-Al合金镀层结晶细致、光亮度好、结合力好、耐蚀性优良，适用于作高耐蚀性镀层。     

高速电喷镀纳米复合镀层组织与性能研究

采用高速电喷镀工艺制备纳米Ni／PTFE复合镀层。研究了电流密度、镀液中纳米PTFE含量等工艺参数对镀层性能的影响。研究结果表明，提高电流密度可显著提高复合镀层的沉积速率、镀层与基体的结合强度以及镀层的耐腐蚀性：镀层与基体的结合强度随镀液中PTFE的加入量的改变而变化，当加入量为10ml／L时，镀层经30次热震试验后，镀层无明显剥落：Ni与纳米PTFE共沉积可显著改善镀层的耐腐蚀性能。     

Electrodeposition of zinc and composite zinc–yttria stabilized zirconia coatings

Pure zinc and composite coatings of zinc and nano-sized yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) particles were prepared by cathodic electrodeposition from zinc sulphate-based electrolytes containing gelatin. The effects of gelatin on the morphology, crystallographic orientation of the zinc coatings and deposition mechanism of the composite Zn–YSZ coatings were studied. The coatings obtained were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. It was shown that the addition of gelatin to the electrolyte significantly changed the microstructure and crystallographic orientation of the zinc deposits and improved the coating microhardness. In the case of the composite coating co-deposition process, the YSZ particles were found to preferentially rest on the edges or macrosteps of the deposited zinc crystals. The incorporation of YSZ particles into the composite coating was enhanced by reducing the solution pH and through the addition of gelatin. The mechanical and electrochemical properties of conventional zinc coatings were observed to be significantly improved by the incorporation of YSZ particles.     

工艺参数对Ni-纳米La2O3复合电沉积的影响

在氨基磺酸镍镀液中加入La2O3纳米颗粒,制备了Ni 纳米La2O3复合镀层.利用正交试验法研究了微粒悬浮量、电流密度、搅拌速度、温度等工艺参数对复合电沉积的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜对复合镀层的表面形貌进行了分析.结果表明,La2O3颗粒悬浮量对复合镀层La2O3共沉积量的影响最大;复合镀层中La2O3颗粒共沉积量越大、电流密度越小,其表面越平整、组织越致密.     

The correlation among deposition parameters,structure and corrosion behaviour of ZnNi/nano-SiC composite coating deposited by pulsed and pulsed reverse current

The present work shows how the parameters of pulsed current (PC) deposition affect structural and morphological characteristics of electrodeposited ZnNi/nano-SiC composite coating and its corrosion properties. In this regard, ZnNi coatings containing SiC nanoparticles were electrodeposited from chloride bath by PC and pulsed reverse current (PRC) methods, and the effect of duty cycle, frequency and reverse current density were studied. With low and high duty cycles the SiC content of the coating was more than the coating deposited by medium duty cycle. Changing the duty cycle affected the coating composition, structure and morphology. Elevation of the pulse frequency increased SiC content of the coating. Application of PRC produced a coating with a complex and dendritic structure. In most of the electrodeposition conditions, in addition to direct effects of PC on coatings characteristics, it was seen that the more SiC was deposited in the coating the less Ni was deposited, and this also affected the corrosion behaviour. The best corrosion resistance behaviour was shown by coatings with more compact structure and less porosity.     

Electrodeposition and corrosion resistance of Ni–P–TiN composite coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

In order to improve the corrosion resistance and microhardness of AZ91D magnesium alloy, TiN nanoparticles were added to fabricate Ni–P–TiN composite coating by electrodeposition. The surface, cross-section morphology and composition were examined using SEM, EDS and XRD, and the corrosion resistance was checked by electrochemical technology. The results indicate that TiN nanoparticles were doped successfully in the Ni–P matrix after a series of complex pretreatments including activation, zinc immersion and pre-electroplating, which enhances the stability of magnesium alloy in electrolyte and the adhesion between magnesium alloy and composite coating. The microhardness of the Ni–P coating increases dramatically by adding TiN nanoparticles and subsequent heat treatment. The corrosion experimental results indicate that the corrosion resistance of Ni–P–TiN composite coating is much higher than that of uncoated AZ91D magnesium alloy and similar with Ni–P coating in short immersion time. However, TiN nanoparticles play a significant role in long-term corrosion resistance of composite coatings.     

Direct current electrodeposition of Zn and Zn–SiC nanocomposite coatings

Pure Zn and Zn matrix composite coatings containing nano-sized SiC particles with an average size of 50 nm were prepared from the zinc sulphate bath. The effect of the particle concentration and current density on the amount of particles embedded was examined. Electron microscopic studies revealed that the coating morphology was modified by the presence of SiC nanoparticles. Corrosion resistance properties of the coatings were studied using a potentiodynamic polarisation technique in 1M NaCl solution. It was established that agglomeration of nanoparticles worsens corrosion resistance properties of Zn–SiC coatings. However, the presence of well dispersed nanoparticles significantly improves the corrosion resistance of the zinc. Incorporation of SiC nanoparticles also improves the microhardness of the zinc matrix.     

电泳沉积制备TA有机复合涂层及其性能

目的通过便捷的共混方式在聚合物涂层中引入单宁酸(TA)锚定涂层,并改善涂层性能,提供新颖、简单的水性聚合物涂层固定及增强方法。方法通过简单的溶解分散方式将TA混入聚合物自组装成的纳米粒子分散液中,并采用阴极电泳在裸钛表面制备TA复合涂层。通过扫描电子显微镜对涂层形貌进行分析。通过超景深显微镜粗糙度测定、铅笔硬度测试、划格法附着力测试、浸泡法等,分别评价NP-TA_x复合涂层的厚度、粗糙度、硬度、附着力、耐久性等性质。最后通过防污测试评价TA复合对聚合物涂层防污性能的影响。结果成功合成了一种两性离子型水性聚合物PIDS,并自组装成纳米粒子,粒子呈球形形貌,粒径约184.8 nm。将纳米粒子与TA混合后,成功通过阴极电泳技术在钛表面制备复合涂层,通过调节沉积电压和时间可以获得不同厚度及表面微结构的涂层表面,涂层制备简便可控。制备NP-TA_x复合涂层后,TA提高了涂层的成膜性,涂层表面结构变得更为平整。NP-TA_x复合涂层的附着力由NP的2级增加到0级,硬度由NP的HB上升为1H,稳定性也大幅提升。通过防污测试表明,TA复合的两性离子涂层对蛋白质和细菌仍具有良好的防污效果,表明TA复合不会影响涂层现有性质。结论 TA与水性聚合物纳米粒子复合制备涂层,可大大提升聚合物涂层综合性能,是一种新颖、简单而且有效的水性聚合物涂层固定及增强途径。     

Ni-W-ZrO2纳米复合电镀工艺的研究

初步探讨了复合电镀工艺参数对复合镀层的影响,着重研究了pH值和电流密度对Ni-W-ZrO2纳米复合镀层表面形貌和n-ZrO2共析量的影响。结果表明：在其它工艺条件相同时,选择适当的pH值和电流密度可制备出ZrO2纳米微粒均匀分布的复合镀层。用扫描电镜（SEM）和能谱分析仪（XPS）分别观察和测定了复合镀层的表面形貌和各组分的含量,镀层均匀、细致,分散良好。     

低共熔溶剂中电化学剥离制备GO及脉冲电沉积Ni-GO复合镀层性能研究

目的在低共熔溶剂中实现电化学剥离制备氧化石墨烯(GO)及电沉积制备Ni-GO复合镀层,提高Ni镀层的耐腐蚀和摩擦磨损性能。方法以石墨棒为阴极,铂片为阳极,低共熔溶剂为电解液,采用直流电源电化学剥离石墨制备氧化石墨烯纳米片(GO),然后在此电解液中,采用脉冲电沉积的方式制备Ni-GO复合镀层。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子电镜(TEM)、紫外分光光度计(UV)、红外光谱仪(IR)、拉曼光谱仪(Raman)、X射线衍射仪(XRD),表征GO的结构和组成。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察镀层的表面形貌,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)分析镀层的结构特征。采用电化学工作站、纳米压痕仪和摩擦磨损实验机分析镀层的耐腐蚀性能、机械性能和摩擦磨损性能。结果采用电化学剥离法在低共熔溶剂中成功制备了GO,GO呈现大的片层状结构,表面存在褶皱,边缘弯曲,上下表面层含有大量羟基和环氧基。性能检测表明,Ni-GO复合镀层的腐蚀电流密度由纯Ni镀层的6.10×10^-5 A/cm^2降低为5.78×10^-7 A/cm^2,硬度由纯Ni镀层的(8.95±0.43)GPa提高到(13.75±0.75)GPa,弹性模量由纯Ni镀层的(184.55±8.12)GPa提高到(201.38±11.20)GPa,摩擦系数由纯Ni镀层的0.72降低为0.56,磨损率比纯Ni镀层降低了35.16%。结论在低共熔溶剂中实现了电化学剥离石墨制备GO,并用于Ni-GO金属基复合镀层一步制备的电化学途径,为均匀分散的氧化石墨烯的制备和金属基复合镀层的制备提供了新的方法。以此为电解液制备的Ni-GO复合镀层相比于纯Ni镀层,其晶粒细化,耐腐蚀性能增强,机械性能提高,摩擦系数减小,耐磨性能增强。     

Electrodeposition behavior and characteristics of Ni-carbon nanotube composite coatings

Ni-CNT (carbon nanotube) composite coatings were processed by electrodeposition and their hardness and corrosion characteristics were investigated with variations of CNT concentration in an electrolyte solution and electrodeposition current density. With increasing the CNT concentration in the electrodeposition bath and the current density, more CNTs are incorporated into Ni matrix. Hardness values of the Ni-CNT coatings are irrelevant to the CNT concentration in the solution, the current density, and current mode, implying poor adhesion of CNTs to Ni matrix. With increasing the CNT content in the coating, the corrosion resistance of the Ni-CNT composite coating becomes inferior due to the porous microstructure.