BT25钛合金在锻造过程中失稳变形和动态再结晶行为的数值模拟

分别利用失稳图和功率耗散图确定BT25钛合金失稳变形组织和动态再结晶变形组织的热力参数边界条件,并将其输入到Deform-3D有限元软件中,使加工图技术与有限元技术能够进行有效结合。利用二次开发后的软件对BT25钛合金在变形温度为950~1100 ℃和应变速率0.001~1 s^-1的条件下进行失稳变形组织和动态再结晶行为的模拟和预测,并通过对比金相组织,验证了该模拟结果的可靠性。结果表明,流动应力随变形温度的升高或应变速率的降低而降低;失稳变形组织集中在低温、高应变速率区域;高温和低应变速率均有利于动态再结晶（DRX）行为;微观组织的观察结果与模拟预测的结果吻合较好,说明本研究提出的加工图技术与有限元技术相结合的方法对模拟与预测金属锻造过程中的失稳变形组织和DRX行为是可行的。     

GH2907合金热变形行为及热加工图

通过热模拟压缩实验研究了GH2907合金在变形温度为950~1100℃、应变速率为0.01~10s_^-1、变形量为60%条件下的热变形行为,流变应力随着变形温度的升高或应变速率的降低而显著降低；根据Arrhenius方程和Zener-Hollomon参数,计算了热变形激活能Q,建立了GH2907合金的热变形本构方程；根据动态材料模型,确定了GH2907合金在不同应变下的功率耗散图,功率耗散效率η较高的区域位于温度为1050~1100℃,应变速率为0.01~0.03s_^-1范围,在该变形区域内组织发生了明显的动态再结晶现象；基于Preased失稳判据,绘制了GH2907合金在不同应变下的热加工图,流变失稳区位于高温高应变速率区域,即温度为970~1100℃,应变速率为0.6~10s_^-1范围,在该变形区域内动态再结晶晶粒沿着绝热剪切带和局部流动分布。根据GH2907合金热加工图及微观组织分析得到适宜的加工区域是温度为1050~1100℃,应变速率为0.01~0.03s_^-1范围。     

基于响应面法的TA5钛合金工艺参数优化

在变形温度为850~1050℃、应变速率为0.001~10s_^-1和最大高度下压量为60%的条件下 ,采用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机对TA5钛合金进行等温恒应变速率压缩实验。基于实验数据,分析TA5钛合金的流变应力曲线,计算出不同工艺参数下的材料参数(变形激活能、Z参数以及功率耗散系数),建立了基于响应面法的工艺参数和材料参数的预测模型,最后对响应面模型进行多目标可视化优化,得到优化后的工艺参数。结果表明：TA5钛合金的流变应力具有负温度相关性和正应变速率敏感性。基于响应面法所建立的预测模型具有较高精度,且优化后的加工参数范围为(850~990℃/0.004~0.15s_^-1)。经组织验证,该区域主要的变形机制为动态回复和动态再结晶。     

粉末TC4钛合金热压缩动态软化行为分析

通过热模拟压缩实验获得的应力应变曲线表明粉末TC4钛合金在温度为850~950℃,应变速率为0.1~10s_^-1范围内变形时具有加工硬化和连续的动态软化特性,建立了材料本构方程,很好的描述了粉末TC4钛合金的流变行为。进一步对动态软化行为进行了分析,并计算了各种因素对软化的影响程度。结果表明：变形温度越低,应变速率越小,流动软化程度越大;在应变速率为1s_^-1和10s_^-1时,主要是变形热导致流动软化;当应变速率为0.1s_^-1,温度为850℃和900℃时,有变形热、动态相变和α相形态演化三种软化因素,且温度越低,α相形态演化导致的软化占比越大,温度增加,动态相变软化所占比例增加;当应变速率为0.1s_^-1,变形温度为950℃时,有变形热和动态相变两种软化因素,变形量增加,动态相变软化所占比例增大。     

新型钛合金Ti-555热变形行为及热加工图研究

本文通过高温热压缩试验研究Ti-555钛合金热变形过程中变形温度、应变速率对流变应力的影响,采用Arrhenius双曲正弦函数模型推导出Ti-555本构方程,并依据动态材料模型建立了ε=0.6时的热加工图。结果表明,Ti-555钛合金流变应力对应变速率和变形温度较为敏感,热变形时随变形温度升高或应变速率降低,流变应力下降。根据热加工图确定了两个热加工安全区参数为(1)变形温度为850～950 ℃、应变速率为0.6～10 s_^-1;(2)变形温度为950～1150 ℃、应变速率为0.36～0.9 s_^-1。     

一种新型镍基粉末高温合金的热压缩性能研究

基于Gleeble热压缩模拟试验,研究变形温度和应变速率对一种新型第三代镍基粉末高温合金WZ-A3挤压态试样在变形温度1040~1130 ℃区间,应变速率0.01~0.0025 s_^-1 条件下的热压缩变形行为,分析了合金在不同热压缩条件下的晶粒尺寸及显微组织的变化。试验结果表明：WZ-A3合金挤压棒在1070~1100 ℃温度范围, 0.01~0.005 s_^-1 应变速率范围内热压缩变形后可以获得约4.5 μm细小均匀的晶粒组织,各部位均未出现项链晶及异常晶粒长大的现象。根据以上试验条件成功制备了两件直径190 mm高97 mm的小尺寸热模锻试验盘,验证了WZ-A3合金的热压缩性能。     

TA7钛合金高温变形行为研究

为了分析TA7钛合金的热变形工艺参数,通过高温压缩试验对TA7钛合金的高温变形行为进行了研究。试验温度为1123~1273K,应变速率为0.001~1s_-1。此外,提出了一种修正并联本构模型用来分析应变速率、变形温度及应变对流动应力的影响。然后,基于动态模型,建立了TA7钛合金的热加工图,并通过微观组织分析对加工图的准确性进行了验证。结果表明,TA7钛合金合理的工艺参数为变形温度1223K,应变速率0.001s_-1,而其非稳态区域位于低温高应变速率区。     

基于DMNR模型建立EB炉熔炼TC4钛合金的双重多元非线性回归本构方程

通过热模拟压缩实验研究EB炉熔炼TC4钛合金在应变速率为0.01 s_^-1-10 s_^-1,变形温度为800 ℃-1100℃条件下的热变形行为,计算合金在不同变形条件下的应变速率敏感性指数m,并基于DMNR模型建立EB炉熔炼TC4钛合金的双重多元非线性回归本构方程。结果表明：在变形开始阶段,加工硬化占主导作用,流动应力随着应变的增加而增加,当达到峰值应力时,软化作用比较明显,位错开始发生滑移和攀移,流动应力随着应变的增加而降低。在低温小应变速率下m值较大,在高温大应变速率下m值较小,m值越大,对应的显微组织越均匀。采用所建立的非线性回归本构方程能够较好地预测EB炉熔炼TC4钛合金的流动应力,预测值与实测值之间的平均绝对相对误差为5.83% ,相关系数为0.98。     

BT25钛合金在锻造过程中失稳变形和动态再结晶行为的数值模拟（英文）

分别利用失稳图和功率耗散图确定BT25钛合金失稳变形组织和动态再结晶变形组织的热力参数边界条件,并将其输入到Deform-3D有限元软件中,使加工图技术与有限元技术能够进行有效结合。利用二次开发后的软件对BT25钛合金在变形温度为950～1100℃和应变速率0.001～1 s~(-1)的条件下进行失稳变形组织和动态再结晶行为的模拟和预测,并通过对比金相组织,验证了该模拟结果的可靠性。结果表明,流动应力随变形温度的升高或应变速率的降低而降低;失稳变形组织集中在低温、高应变速率区域;高温和低应变速率均有利于动态再结晶(DRX)行为;微观组织的观察结果与模拟预测的结果吻合较好,说明本研究提出的加工图技术与有限元技术相结合的方法对模拟与预测金属锻造过程中的失稳变形组织和DRX行为是可行的。     

Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo钛合金热变形行为及加工图

利用Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机,在变形温度为820-1060℃及应变速率为0.001-1s_-1参数范围内对Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo钛合金进行等温恒应变速率压缩试验。建立了该合金的高温变形本构方程,得到两相区和单相区的表面激活能分别为764.714 和126.936 kJ/mol。基于DMM和Prasad失稳准则建立了应变为0.4和0.7时的热加工图。分析加工图发现: Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo钛合金在840–1060 ℃,应变速率为0.001–0.1 s_-1,之间主要发生DRV/DRX,此区间变形时耗散率峰值51%分别出现在940℃/0.001s_-1和880℃/1s_-1,其变形后微观组织演变机制与热加工图匹配较好,当变形发生在820℃,较高应变速率(≥1s_-1)下该合金加工时易发生流变失稳现象。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.