3种典型轧辊材料氧化行为的原位观察

轧辊表面氧化膜的形成及剥落对轧辊的消耗及产品质量有显著影响。采用VL2000DX-SVF18SP型超高温激光共聚焦显微镜观察了高铬铸铁、高铬铸钢和高速钢在连续加热及等温过程中其表面氧化膜形成的特征，同时对比研究了这3种材料在循环加热、冷却后的氧化行为。结果表明，高铬铸铁和高铬铸钢开始形成氧化膜的温度较低，约为300 ℃，但氧化膜致密均匀，抑制了高温及等温过程氧化膜的生长；而高速钢氧化膜开始形成温度较高，氧化膜快速形成的温度约为480 ℃，但氧化膜均匀性差，具有较快的生长速率，高速钢的抗氧化性显著低于高铬铸铁和高铬铸钢。     

阳极氧化对半固态成形ZL114A合金铸件耐蚀性能的影响

研究了阳极氧化工艺和表面液相偏析层对半固态成形ZL114A合金铸件耐蚀性的影响。结果表明：对于阳极氧化而言，表面液相偏析层会显著影响氧化膜生长速率，使得氧化膜厚度减小，但由于膜层平整，反而有利于氧化膜对合金耐蚀性能提高；然而，去除表面液相偏析层虽然会增加试样表面氧化膜的厚度，但由于这种氧化膜分布不均匀，从而无法提高合金的耐蚀性。未经阳极氧化处理的试样耐蚀性分析结果表明，表面液相偏析层的存在会降低试样的耐蚀性，去除表面液相偏析层会在一定程度上提高耐蚀性。对氧化膜腐蚀后的蚀坑研究发现，共晶组织对氧化膜的蚀坑的形成起着决定性作用，蚀坑通常位于共晶组织部位，且在蚀坑中往往发现有富铁金属间化合物。     

3种典型轧辊材料氧化行为的原位观察

轧辊表面氧化膜的形成及剥落对轧辊的消耗及产品质量有显著影响。采用VL2000DX—SVF18SP型超高温激光共聚焦显微镜观察了高铬铸铁、高铬铸钢和高速钢在连续加热及等温过程中其表面氧化膜形成的特征，同时对比研究了这3种材料在循环加热、冷却后的氧化行为。结果表明，高铬铸铁和高铬铸钢开始形成氧化膜的温度较低，约为300 ℃，但氧化膜致密均匀，抑制了高温及等温过程氧化膜的生长；而高速钢氧化膜开始形成温度较高，氧化膜快速形成的温度约为480 ℃，但氧化膜均匀性差，具有较快的生长速率，高速钢的抗氧化性显著低于高铬铸铁和高铬铸钢。     

铝合金不同氧化处理工艺对其表面溅射MoS2膜层耐磨性的影响

目的 探究铝合金表面不同氧化处理工艺对磁控溅射制备MoS2固体润滑膜层性能的影响。方法 在溅射MoS2膜层前，对铝合金基底分别采用硫酸阳极氧化、微弧氧化、硬质氧化三种不同的氧化工艺进行预先表面处理，然后在其表面溅射沉积一层MoS2润滑薄膜。通过摩擦磨损试验对其耐磨性能进行评价，并通过SEM、XRD、EDS对薄膜表面形貌、结构及磨痕形貌、成分进行分析。结果 铝合金采用不同的氧化方式处理对表面MoS2膜层的结构不会产生影响。硫酸阳极氧化处理+磁控溅射双重表面处理技术制备的MoS2膜层表观最为致密均匀，粗糙度较低，呈花菜状。截面SEM照片显示，溅射膜层与基体之间结合紧密，溅射膜层厚度为2 μm。在10、20、30 N高载荷下，试样摩擦系数均小于0.1，磨损寿命分别高于45万转、30万转和9万转，均高于其他试样，且不同膜层试样均具有较好的耐环境湿热性能。在摩擦过程中，试样承受的载荷基本转移到氧化膜上，阳极氧化后镀膜试样表面粗糙度较小，在滑动运动过程中，所受切向应力较小，不会产生较严重的粘着磨损，从而使磨损损耗速度较慢，因此耐磨寿命较长。结论 铝合金阳极氧化预处理对提高铝合金表面溅射MoS2膜层耐磨性能的效果最佳。     

混合稀土阻燃ZM5合金表面氧化膜再生能力研究

将ZM5-0.1%RE合金加热到800℃,当表面氧化膜形成后,冷却至室温,去除表面氧化膜,制成经过氧化的ZM5-0.1%RE合金,通过分析该合金的TGA曲线、恒温氧化动力学曲线以及表面氧化膜的XRD谱,对其表面氧化行为进行研究。结果表明:该合金具有良好的杭氧化性,氧化质量增加主要发生在400～700℃;该合金在600、700℃的氧化动力学曲线遵循抛物线规律,在合金表面生成了一层由(RE)2O3、MgO、Al2O3、Mg17Al12组成的厚度为4.0～5.5μm致密氧化膜,以抑制基体镁合金的进一步氧化;说明ZM5-0.1%RE合金表面氧化膜具有良好的再生能力。     

NiCrAlY涂层的表面状态对高温氧化行为的影响

将原始喷涂态和表面抛光的NiCrAlY涂层在1050℃恒温氧化300h，利用XRD、SEM，EDS方法，测定涂层的氧化物及其相转变，分析表面氧化膜的生长破坏行为，结果表明：两种涂层在1050℃保温，在150h以内均能生成α-Al2O3氧化膜，150h后，抛光态涂层保护性氧化膜被破坏，抗氧化能力下降，喷涂态涂层表面粗糙，连续Al2O3保护膜的形成较晚，氧化早期氧化膜中存在微裂纹，可释放应力，有利于氧化膜与涂层的结合。氧化动力学曲线符合抛物线规律，氧化至300h，表面氧化膜只有少量微裂纹，无剥落，说明喷涂涂层的长期恒温抗氧化能力比抛光态涂层强。     

1420铝锂合金表面氧化膜特征分析

采用多种分析方法对1420铝锂合金表面氧化膜进行了分析。结果表明合金表面富集了元素Li和Mg，且表面主要为由Li和Mg的氧化物组成的疏松氧化膜，其厚度约为0.05mm。合金表面氧化膜的形成与温度密切相关，氧化膜从300℃开始形成速度较快，400℃以上迅速扩展并形成连续的氧化膜，且氧化膜的形貌发生明显变化。     

氧化时间对硬铝合金硬质阳极氧化膜性能的影响

改变氧化时间,在硬铝合金表面制备硬质阳极氧化膜,研究了氧化时间对硬质阳极氧化膜厚度、硬度和封孔处理后耐腐蚀性能的影响,并采用金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜分析了氧化膜的表面形貌.结果表明:所得硬质阳极氧化膜具有类似蜂窝状的结构,氧化时间以60min为宜,氧化60min所得的氧化膜综合性能最佳.     

锆合金微弧氧化后喷丸致密化研究

目的提高锆合金微弧氧化后表面氧化膜的致密度。方法先对锆合金进行微弧氧化处理,在表面形成氧化锆陶瓷层,再进行不同工艺下的喷丸处理,以提高锆合金表层氧化膜的致密度。通过表面粗糙度测试,表征不同喷丸工艺下试样表面的塑性变形程度,并通过扫描电子显微镜对氧化膜表面形貌和横截面厚度进行分析,最后计算表面膜层中的孔隙率,以表征微弧氧化后喷丸的致密化效果。结果较高的喷丸强度和较长的喷丸时间均会使得膜层表面发生剧烈的塑性变形,导致表面氧化膜脱落,对锆合金的表面完整性具有不利影响。当使用AGB35玻璃丸在0.2 MPa气压下喷丸10 s时,取得了较好的致密化效果。与微弧氧化后的原始试样相比,气压控制在0.2 MPa,时间控制在10 s的喷丸处理,可以减小膜层中孔洞的尺寸和数量,使氧化膜中的孔隙率从原始的16.45%降低至7.27%,有效提高了膜层的致密度。随着喷丸气压增加至0.3 MPa或喷丸时间延长至30 s,氧化膜发生大面积脱落,部分基体与氧化膜之间产生孔隙,氧化膜中的孔隙率反而增加至20.20%,这对锆合金的表面完整性具有不利影响。结论合理控制微弧氧化后的喷丸工艺参数,可以致密化锆合金表面的氧化膜,使其更具有保护性,而过高的喷丸强度和过长的喷丸时间均不能实现较好的致密化效果。     

表面处理状态对高铬铸铁轧辊氧化膜生长形态的影响

利用热重分析、扫面电镜研究了不同表面处理状态对高铬铸铁800℃高温氧化膜生长形态和剥落行为的影响。结果表明，与抛光表面相比，粗糙表面显著加速了氧化膜的生长速度和开裂倾向，改变了氧化膜生长形态。讨论了不同表面处理状态氧化膜的裂纹萌生机制。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.