等温处理对辙叉用新型贝氏体钢接触疲劳性能的影响

研究不同等温处理工艺对电渣重熔冶炼得到的辙叉用新型贝氏体钢滚动接触疲劳性能的影响。结果表明,经等温处理后,试样接触疲劳性能有不同程度的提高,且随着等温温度的降低,接触疲劳性能呈现出先增大后减小的趋势;在400 ℃下等温时,试样的滚动接触疲劳性能最好。通过对失效断口形貌分析,发现辙叉用新型贝氏体钢主要失效形式为麻点剥落和浅层剥落,且同一试样可能同时出现两种剥落形式。     

贝氏体辙叉早期失效分析

通过对比两公司生产的辙叉材料的显微组织、力学性能、滚动接触疲劳性能,研究重载贝氏体辙叉短期内失效的原因。结果表明:失效重载贝氏体辙叉组织主要为贝氏体、马氏体双相组织。组织中残留奥氏体量很少,辙叉组织不均匀,晶粒较粗大;致使其强塑性配合不佳,抗滚动接触疲劳性能差,在滚动接触疲劳失效时发生麻点剥落和浅层剥落。     

工程机械用30CrNi3MoV钢的热处理与组织性能

对比分析了锻态和调质态电渣重熔和非电渣重熔30CrNi3MoV钢的显微组织和力学性能,在此基础上,研究了Mn和Si含量对非电渣重熔钢组织、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:电渣重熔并不能改善锻态试验用钢的晶粒度,但是贝氏体组织会有所细化;经过调质热处理后,电渣重熔钢和非电渣重熔钢的晶粒都有明显细化,组织都为细小回火索氏体;调质态电渣重熔钢和非电渣重熔钢具有相似的力学性能,且都满足工程机械用钢的使用要求。Mn含量的提高有利于细化调质态非电渣重熔钢的晶粒,而Si含量的提高对晶粒度的影响较小;适当增加Mn和Si元素含量有助于提高试验用钢的抗拉强度、屈服强度和布氏硬度,但是塑性和低温冲击韧性会有所降低;调质态非电渣重熔钢中增加Mn含量会降低材料的耐腐蚀性能,而增加Si含量有助于提高材料的耐腐蚀性能。同时增加Mn和Si含量的调质态非电渣重熔钢具有较好的强塑性、-40℃冲击韧性和耐蚀性能。     

辙叉用含钨铝贝氏体钢的热处理及其应用

将商业辙叉用贝氏体钢中的钼用钨代替,部分硅用铝替代,开发了含钨铝辙叉用贝氏体钢,通过对其进行热处理,确定了合理的热处理工艺:辙叉用贝氏体钢锻造后进行去氢热处理,再经900℃正火和350℃回火处理。含钨铝贝氏体钢的力学性能得到大幅度提高,并且较商业含钼贝氏体钢具有较低的氢脆敏感性。含钨铝贝氏体钢辙叉的预期寿命和使用安全稳定性能要高于商业含钼贝氏体钢辙叉。     

渗碳齿轮钢18CrNiMo7-6的疲劳性能及其影响因素

以18CrNiMo7-6齿轮钢为研究用基础钢,在传统真空脱气冶炼方式基础上,采用Nb微合金化和电渣重熔冶炼相结合获得一种对比试验钢,通过旋转弯曲疲劳试验表征了两种试验钢的疲劳性能,并利用显微组织、硬度分布、疲劳断口表征以及夹杂物分析等手段,探究了两种试验齿轮钢疲劳性能的影响因素。结果表明,采用电渣重熔方法冶炼并Nb微合金化的试验钢的疲劳极限较基础钢提高90 MPa,且相同载荷下寿命显著提高,渗碳层晶粒度由基础钢的7.5级细化至9级,而残留奥氏体含量的增加导致其表面硬度降低。通过Aspex夹杂物表征发现试验钢中夹杂物数量较基础钢大幅度降低,且硬质氧化物夹杂较少,与断口表征结果相一致。综合分析可知,晶粒细化和非金属夹杂物水平下降是提升试验钢疲劳性能的主要因素。     

贝氏体钢焊接辙叉的现状与再创新

介绍了国内贝氏体钢高强高韧辙叉、高锰钢及国外同类产品的情况.阐述了贝氏体钢高强高韧辙叉具有更高的耐磨性和接触疲劳寿命,成本更低廉,可焊性好等优点.现已成功应用于京广和京沪铁路线,并指出其性价比还有进一步提高的空间,工业化前景和国内外市场看好.     

贝氏体合金钢轨与PD3钢轨闪光焊接工艺

研究了贝氏体合金钢轨与PD3钢轨两种异种材料闪光对接焊工艺。通过试验确定了保证焊接接头质量的焊接工艺和热处理工艺。整体焊接接头的强韧性达到了《时速200公里客运专线60AT钢轨焊接暂行技术条件》的要求,可以满足提速或准高速贝氏体钢焊接辙叉制造技术标准的要求。贝氏体钢焊接辙叉经过试验、跟踪、分析和改进,已在重载线路中使用,已通过运量总重2亿t以上。贝氏体钢与钢轨异种钢闪光接触焊接技术,可以推广到大号码道岔尖轨焊接和可动心轨焊接辙叉制造中。     

The very high cycle fatigue properties of bearing steel GCr15 prepared by two processing routes

真空冶炼与电渣重熔2种工艺制备的GCr15轴承钢的超高周疲劳测试结果表明,电渣 重熔能更好地控制钢中夹杂尺寸及其分散性, 因此具有较好的疲劳性能.实验与理论分析表 明, 对于一定强度的材料, 疲劳萌生处的颗粒亮区(GBF)边界处的应力强度因子范围 (αK GBF$ )为一恒定值,且随材料的屈服强度增加αK GBF逐渐减小.     

GCr15轴承钢超高周疲劳性能与夹杂物相关性

真空冶炼与电渣重熔2种工艺制备的GCr15轴承钢的超高周疲劳测试结果表明,电渣重熔能更好地控制钢中夹杂尺寸及其分散性,因此具有较好的疲劳性能.实验与理论分析表明,对于一定强度的材料,疲劳萌生处的颗粒亮区(GBF)边界处的应力强度因子范围(△KGBF)为一恒定值,且随材料的屈服强度增加AKcBF逐渐减小.     

重熔处理对NiCrBSi涂层接触疲劳性能的影响

采用超音速等离子喷涂技术在45号钢基体上制备了NiCrBSi合金涂层,随机挑选一半试样使用热处理炉进行重熔处理。使用球盘式接触疲劳试验机对涂层进行了接触疲劳试验,建立Weibull失效概率图,比较了重熔前后两种涂层接触疲劳寿命的演变规律及涂层主要的疲劳失效模式。使用扫描电子显微镜对涂层的微观结构和失效形貌进行了表征。结果表明,重熔处理能够增强涂层与基体的结合强度,提高涂层的致密度,同时使涂层的主要失效模式由分层失效转变为剥落失效,显著提高了涂层的接触疲劳寿命,降低涂层寿命的分散程度。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.