盐雾腐蚀条件下Ti合金表面功能薄膜的摩擦磨损性能

目的研究Ti6Al4V合金、铬掺杂类金刚石(Cr-DLC)薄膜、钨掺杂类金刚石(W-DLC)薄膜和氮化钛(TiN)薄膜,在干摩擦和盐雾腐蚀气氛摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能。方法在商用Ti6Al4V合金表面通过非平衡磁控溅射制备Cr-DLC薄膜和W-DLC薄膜,通过多弧离子镀技术制备TiN薄膜。利用扫描电镜、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、白光干涉扫描轮廓仪,对薄膜的形貌、硬度、干摩擦和腐蚀摩擦性能、磨痕形貌进行测试分析。结果干摩擦条件下,Ti6Al4V合金表面沉积Cr-DLC、W-DLC和TiN三种薄膜的摩擦系数均比Ti6Al4V合金低;Ti6Al4V合金及其表面制备的三种薄膜在盐雾腐蚀气氛条件下的摩擦系数都比干摩擦条件下有所增加。与Ti6Al4V合金相比,Cr-DLC、W-DLC和TiN三种薄膜在干摩擦和盐雾腐蚀气氛摩擦条件下均减小了磨损体积。干摩擦条件下,W-DLC薄膜的磨损体积为0.0017 mm~3,耐磨性最好;盐雾腐蚀气氛摩擦条件下,TiN薄膜的磨损体积为0.0028 mm~3,表现出最佳的耐腐蚀磨损性能。通过磨痕形貌可以得出,盐雾腐蚀气氛摩擦条件下,Ti6Al4V合金表面制备的金属掺杂类金刚石薄膜的磨损受到磨粒磨损和腐蚀磨损双重机制的影响。结论三种表面功能薄膜在盐雾腐蚀气氛摩擦条件下都较好地保护了Ti合金,极大地减少了磨损损失。     

TC4合金表面TiNi/Ti2Ni改性层不同载荷滑动干摩擦性能研究

利用等离子表面合金化技术在Ti6Al4V合金表面制备了TiNi/Ti2Ni合金层,考察了合金层的表面形貌、成分分布、截面组织形貌、相结构。采用球盘磨损试验机分析了TiNi/Ti2Ni合金层在不同载荷下的滑动干摩擦学性能,并与基体进行对比。结果表明,基体和TiNi/Ti2Ni合金层磨损机制主要表现为磨粒磨损。在同一磨损条件下,TiNi/Ti2Ni合金层的摩擦系数略低于基体,耐磨性优于基体。TiNi/Ti2Ni合金层在不同载荷的摩擦系数接近,在0.29~0.32之间波动。随着载荷的增加,磨损率增加。     

选区激光熔化成形Ti6Al4V合金摩擦磨损性能的各向异性

基于选区激光熔化技术制备了Ti6Al4V钛合金,研究了不同成形表面(XOY、XOZ)和不同载荷(20、40、60、80 N)对Ti6Al4V合金摩擦磨损性能的影响。通过摩擦系数(COF)结合磨损体积损失对不同成形面的摩擦磨损性能进行评估,采用光学显微镜(OM)、三维轮廓测量仪等设备对磨损轨道的形态和磨损机理进行表征。结果表明:相比XOZ面,XOY面在法向载荷为20N时其磨损体积减少了0.27×10-5 mm3,平均摩擦系数更小;而当载荷大于20N时,XOY面的磨损体积和平均摩擦系数均大于XOZ面。磨损轨道犁槽的深度和宽度随着载荷的增加而增加,犁槽呈现出明显的剥落行为,轨道处分布着块状的"粘合剂",发生着粘着磨损和氧化磨损。从摩擦系数、磨损体积、微观形态的角度定量反映出SLM成形Ti6Al4V合金的XOZ面比XOY面具备更优异的摩擦磨损性能,只有在低载荷下XOY面才表现出更加耐磨的特性。     

GNiCr40Al3Ti合金表面Cr-DLC、CrAlN和CrN薄膜在去离子水环境中的摩擦磨损性能

目的 在去离子水环境中，研究GNiCr40Al3Ti合金表面制备的铬掺杂类金刚石(Cr-DLC)、氮化铬铝(CrAlN)和氮化铬(CrN)等薄膜的摩擦磨损性能。方法 在GNiCr40Al3Ti合金表面采用离子源辅助非平衡磁控溅射制备Cr-DLC薄膜，采用多弧离子镀技术制备CrAlN薄膜和CrN薄膜。利用冷场发射扫描电镜、拉曼光谱仪和X射线衍射仪，对薄膜的微观结构和形貌进行分析。利用显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、白光干涉扫描轮廓仪等，对薄膜的硬度、摩擦磨损性能、磨痕二维轮廓等进行研究。结果 在10 h连续的去离子水环境摩擦过程中，CrN薄膜的平均摩擦系数最低，仅为0.17，比GNiCr40Al3Ti合金的摩擦系数降低了54%。与GNiCr40Al3Ti合金相比，其表面制备的Cr-DLC、CrAlN和CrN薄膜在去离子水环境摩擦条件下都减小了磨损体积，其中，CrN薄膜表现出最好的耐磨性，磨损体积为0.017 mm³，仅为GNiCr40Al3Ti合金磨损体积的0.18%。Cr-DLC薄膜与CrAlN薄膜的耐磨性不及CrN薄膜，主要是由薄膜的微观结构造成的，Cr-DLC薄膜的柱状疏松结构造成薄膜过早的被磨穿，CrAlN薄膜中存在的Cr相引起薄膜硬度降低，从而降低了抗剪切的能力。结论 在去离子水环境中，CrN薄膜具有最低的摩擦系数和最佳的耐磨性。     

Ni,Mn对Al—Si—Cu—Mg系合金磨损失效机制的影响

采用快速磨损试验机进行耐磨性试验,并通过微区成分分析,图像分析、光学显微镜及扫描电镜分析探讨了Ni,Mn对Al-Si-Cu-Mg系合金组织及二体磨损条件下磨损失效机制的影响,在二体干摩擦条件下,Al-Si-Cu-Mg系合金的磨损失效机制为犁削磨损和表层剥落磨损,添加合金元素Ni后,组织中出现Al34Cu28Ni38化合物,磨损失效以表层剥落为主;添加合金元素Mn后,组织又出现了Al50Si4Cu9Ni26Mn5化合物,磨损失效以犁削磨损为主。     

钛合金圆环工件表面合金化及其滚动摩擦性能研究

采用等离子表面合金化技术在Ti6Al4V合金圆环工件表面制备Mo渗镀改性层,将其与未渗Mo处理的Ti6Al4V合金在模拟实际工况条件下进行油润滑的滚动摩擦对比试验,比较二者的磨损情况,并分析磨损机理。结果表明,Ti6Al4V合金表面进行渗Mo处理后,形成了均匀、致密且高硬度的Mo基改性层。Ti6Al4V合金表面渗Mo后,硬度由渗层到基体呈梯度分布。滚动摩擦试验表明,渗Mo处理后表面无减摩效果,但磨损量大大减小,耐磨性得到有效改进。通过对磨损形貌的分析可知,表面渗Mo处理后磨损机理主要以磨粒磨损为主,而基材是磨粒磨损和粘着磨损。     

类金刚石薄膜改性钛合金的扭动摩擦磨损特性

以Ti6Al4V合金、类金刚石薄膜(DLC膜)改性Ti6Al4V合金分别与超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)配副,模拟颈椎间盘的轴向旋转运动,并在改装后的多自由度磨损试验机上进行扭动摩擦试验。结果表明:随着循环周次的增加,两对摩擦副均呈现出摩擦扭转力矩、摩擦耗散能、磨损量相应增大的趋势。与Ti6Al4V合金相比,DLC薄膜改性后的Ti6Al4V合金摩擦副接触界面间摩擦扭转力矩降低了51.6%、摩擦耗散能降低了48%,进入完全滑移状态的时间缩短,具有更好的耐磨性。Ti6Al4V合金的磨损机制表现为严重的磨粒磨损,经DLC薄膜改性后的钛合金的磨损形式以应力集中产生的脆性剥落为主。DLC薄膜增大了对磨副UHMWPE的磨损,UHMWPE的磨损机制是粘着磨损和磨粒磨损综合作用的结果。     

Microstructure and Properties of ZA-27TiRE Alloy

The influence of RE and Tion ZA-27 casting alloy was studied. The results show that RE and Ti refinemicrostructure of the alloy and improve its mechanical properties and wear-resistance, which make it possibleto use ZA-27TiRE casting alloy in the field of artificial limb industry.     

摩擦增材辅助Ti/Al搅拌摩擦搭接接头特征分析

为解决Ti/Al异种材料搅拌摩擦焊接接头强度低、搅拌针磨损等问题,提出一种摩擦增材辅助搅拌摩擦搭接焊(friction addition-friction stir lap welding, FA-FSLW)技术. 该新工艺延续了固相连接的优势,具有热输入量低、界面金属间化合物薄等特点.文中研究了以6082铝合金作预沉积层辅助实现3 mm厚2A12铝合金板与4 mm厚TC4钛合金板之间的连接,焊接过程中搅拌头扎入铝沉积层而不接触钛表面,得到抗拉载荷最大为12.2 kN的接头.结果表明, FA-FSLW复合焊接头的界面迁移越大,接头承载越小.同时,发现界面处的Ti, Al元素发生了明显互扩散,Si元素在界面偏聚,与Ti, Al元素发生冶金反应后形成层状纳米级Ti-Al-Si金属间化合物,为提高接头强度奠定基础.     

激光熔化沉积NiTi/Ni3 Ti金属间化合物合金的显微组织和耐磨性

利用激光熔化沉积技术制备出分别以NiTi和Ni3Ti为初生相的NiTi/Ni3Ti金属间化合物耐磨合金,采用XRD、OM、SEM、EDS等手段分析合金的组织,测试合金的室温干滑动磨损性能。结果表明,其室温干滑动磨损机制为软磨料磨损和氧化磨损;对于以Ni3Ti为初生相的合金,其室温干滑动磨损机制在中低负荷下为氧化磨损和显微切削,在高负荷下则是Ni3Ti的显微切削;以NiTi为初生相的NiTi/Ni3Ti金属间化合物合金具有更好的抗室温摩擦磨损性能。     

激光熔覆Al_3Ti金属间化合物涂层的腐蚀及耐磨性能研究

采用5kW横流CO_2激光器在AA6063铝合金表面激光熔覆Al_3Ti金属间化合物涂层.研究了熔覆层的显微组织、电化学腐蚀和摩擦磨损性能.结果表明,熔覆层由树枝晶Al_3Ti和枝晶间仅.α-Al两相组成.并与基材形成良好的冶金结合.熔覆层在w(NaCl)=3.5%溶液中发生钝化,腐蚀电流密度约为基材的1/10;在载荷10 N、摩擦距离800m时,熔覆层的磨损质量损失低于基材的1/2,说明Al_3Ti金属间化合物涂层显著提高了基材的耐腐蚀和耐磨损性能.     

Ti6Al4V钛合金表面双层辉光等离子W-Mo共渗及其腐蚀磨损性能研究

为了改善TC4的腐蚀磨损性能,采用双层辉光等离子表面冶金技术对Ti6Al4V钛合金进行W-Mo共渗,并对其腐蚀磨损性能进行研究。结果表明:在Ti6Al4V钛合金表面W-Mo共渗可形成均匀的、由沉积层和扩散层构成的W-Mo改性层;该改性层与Ti6Al4V钛合金基体相比,在空气中,5%H2SO4(质量分数)溶液和5%NaCl(质量分数)溶液中的摩擦系数均有所降低,磨损形貌得到改善,在5%H2SO4和5%NaCl溶液中的磨损量更是显著减小。结果表明,在Ti6Al4V钛合金表面W-Mo共渗可显著提高其耐腐蚀磨损性能。     

Al含量对电弧离子镀共沉积Ti1-xAlxN涂层性能的影响

利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、划痕仪、磨损实验仪等,研究了不同铝含量的Ti1-xAlxN涂层性能.结果表明：当铝含量约为52%时,经涂层处理试样的显微硬度、摩擦磨损性能都得到了很大的提高,能达到使用钛铝合金靶离子镀Ti1-xAlxN涂层的相应性能,而从经济性来说,利用独立钛、铝靶比钛铝合金靶制备Ti1-AlxN涂层的成本要低得多,从而具有降低生产成本,提高生产效益的优势.     

Friction and wear properties of UHMWPE against ion implanted titanium alloy

In this study, a new two-step plasma immersion ion implantation technique was developed and applied for the modification of Ti6Al4V alloy; firstly ion implanting with nitrogen at high temperature and followed with oxygen in high dose. A graded titanium oxide-titanium nitride film was obtained on the surface of the Ti6Al4V alloy. The contact angle and the microhardness of the modified alloys were measured. The friction and wear properties of UHMWPE rubbing against the modified alloys under lubrication of distilled water were investigated using a pin-on-disc tribometer. The wettability and the microhardness of the alloy surfaces were found to be increased significantly after ion implantation. The friction coefficient decreased by nearly 5 times and the wear resistance of UHMWPE increased by about 40 times against the ion implanted Ti6Al4V alloy. Many deep furrows were found on the surface of the un-implanted alloy and were absent in the ion implanted surfaces of the alloy.     

Al含量对电弧离子镀共沉积Ti_(1-x)Al_xN涂层性能的影响

利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、划痕仪、磨损实验仪等,研究了不同铝含量的Ti1-xAlxN涂层性能。结果表明:当铝含量约为52%时,经涂层处理试样的显微硬度、摩擦磨损性能都得到了很大的提高,能达到使用钛铝合金靶离子镀Ti1-xAlxN涂层的相应性能,而从经济性来说,利用独立钛、铝靶比钛铝合金靶制备Ti1-xAlxN涂层的成本要低得多,从而具有降低生产成本,提高生产效益的优势。     

DOUBLE GLOW PLASMA SURFACE ALLOYING OF Ti6A14V AND TiAl

1. IntroductionThe Double Glbw Plaama Surface Alloying Technique[l,2l is performed in a vacuumglow discharge chamber where two negatively charged electrodes are equipped. One of thetbo cathodbs is a sputtering target made,of one or more of the desired all…     

Abrasive wear property of laser melting/deposited Ti2Ni/TiNi intermetallic alloy

A wear resistant intermetallic alloy consisting of TiNi primary dendrites and Ti2Ni matrix was fabricated by the laser melting deposition manufacturing process. Wear resistance of Ti2Ni/TiNi alloy was evaluated on an abrasive wear tester at room temperature under the different loads. The results show that the intermetallic alloy suffers more abrasive wear attack under low wear test load of 7, 13 and 25 N than high-chromium cast-iron. However, the intermetallic alloy exhibits better wear resistance under wear test load of 49 N. Abrasive wear of the laser melting deposition TiENi/TiNi alloy is governed by micro-cutting and plowing. Pseudoelasticity of TiNi plays an active role in contributing to abrasive wear resistance.     

钛合金Ti6Al4V表面渗钼层的摩擦磨损性能

利用双层辉光离子渗金属技术在钛合金Ti6Al4V表面进行合金化，形成均匀、致密、厚度为9．4μm的钛钼合金渗层。表面硬度提高3倍左右，达到1050Hκ。采用球盘磨损试验机考察了钛合金Ti6Al4V表面渗钼层和Ti6Al4V钛合金的摩擦性能，得出该合金表面渗Mo后虽然摩擦因数略微增大，但耐磨性提高100余倍；通过对磨损形貌的分析可知，表面渗Mo合金层磨损机制主要表现为粘着及少量微切削。     

Improving tribological properties of Ti6Al4V alloy with duplex surface treatment

Ti-doped diamond like carbon films were deposited on both untreated and plasma nitrided Ti6Al4V alloy using Closed Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUMBS) method and their tribological properties were evaluated by conducting sliding wear conditions. The influence of the nitrided layer on tribological behavior of Ti-DLC films was studied by means of XRD, SEM, scratch tester, microhardness tester and pin-on-disc tribotester. The microhardness results pointed out that the duplex treatment dramatically increased the surface hardness and reduced the plastic deformation of the alloy. Wear tests showed that Ti-DLC coatings on both untreated and nitrided surfaces caused a reduction in the coefficient of friction. The reason of the reduction in the coefficient of friction was found to be the formation of transfer film between the sliding surfaces. Wear rates demonstrated that wear resistance of duplex treated (Ti-DLC coating after nitriding) Ti6Al4V alloy was significantly improved.     

Characterization of the Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta Alloy for Biomedical Applications. Part 2: Wettability, Tribological Performance and Biocompatibility

The Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta alloy, prepared in a levitation melting furnace, was investigated as a possible candidate for replacing Ti6Al4V alloy in medical applications. The sessile drop method, pin-on-disc and in vitro tests were used to analyze wettability, wear resistance, and biocompatibility of the new alloy. The characteristics of the Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta alloy were assessed in comparison to those of the Ti6Al4V alloy. The Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta system was found to have hydrophilic characteristics with similar contact angle as the Ti6Al4V alloy. In all environments (deionized water, simulated body fluid and Fusayama Meyer artificial saliva), the friction coefficient showed a stable evolution versus sliding distance, being similar for both alloys. On overall, the wear resistance of Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta alloy was lower than that of Ti6Al4V for all testing environments. The Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta alloy exhibited good biocompatibility characteristics at in vitro test compared to Ti6Al4V alloy. The cell viability on Ti-10Nb-10Zr-5Ta surfaces was higher than the one observed on Ti6Al4V samples, regardless the number of days spent in osteoblast-like cells culture. A high degree of cell attachment and spreading was observed on both alloys.