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CO2腐蚀机理及其预测防护 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
CO2的腐蚀问题一直是世界石油工业腐蚀与防护方面的一个研究热点,因为CO2腐蚀问题严重的限制和威胁着石油、天然气生产的安全和稳定.本文参考大量国内、外的文献,系统地阐述了二氧化碳的腐蚀机理,简述了影响二氧化碳腐蚀的影响因素以及根据影响因素建立的预测模型,综述了防护技术.这将为油气田上的选材和腐蚀防护提供参考. 相似文献
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采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等对长庆油田6个典型区块管道腐蚀失效的原因进行了分析,并对腐蚀机理进行了探讨。结果表明:6个典型区失效管道的组织为铁素体和少量的珠光体,元素分布均匀,化学成分符合20#钢的标准规定。1号、3号、4号、5号、6号典型区块腐蚀穿孔管节腐蚀产物的主要成分为铁的氧化物(Fe2O3、Fe3O4)。2号典型区块腐蚀穿孔管节腐蚀产物的主要成分为铁的氧化物(Fe2O3、Fe3O4)和铁的硫化物(FeS)。1号、4号、5号、6号典型区块管道主要发生了二氧化碳腐蚀。2号典型区块管道发生了二氧化碳和硫化氢腐蚀。3号典型区块管道发生了二氧化碳和氧腐蚀。 相似文献
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浅谈CO_2对油井管的腐蚀及抗蚀套管的开发现状 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
介绍了石油天然气工业中二氧化碳腐蚀的机理及影响二氧化碳腐蚀的因素,简述了合金元素及热处理制度对二氧化碳腐蚀的影响,简介了国内外研究二氧化碳腐蚀防护措施方面的进展,如高Cr耐蚀材料、缓蚀剂和防护涂料等;介绍了攀钢集团成都钢铁有限责任公司利用自身设备优势,开发抗二氧化碳腐蚀套管的技术准备及思路。 相似文献
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首先分别论述了单组分缓蚀剂和复配型缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理,即不同类型的缓蚀剂在金属表面所具有的不同吸附过程。单组分缓蚀剂中特殊的分子基团在金属表面通过物理吸附、化学吸附或混合吸附过程起到缓蚀作用,复配型缓蚀剂在金属表面通过各组分间协同吸附或竞争吸附过程起到缓蚀作用,并指出了缓蚀机理的研究所存在的问题。然后,主要综述了近几年来国内外对用于二氧化碳腐蚀缓蚀剂的研究进展,包括咪唑啉衍生物、表面活性剂、季铵盐、有机胺和复配型缓蚀剂,结合缓蚀剂的分子结构和缓蚀效率等对其进行了阐述。介绍了几种用于二氧化碳腐蚀的新型缓蚀剂,如多活性位点有机化合物、硫醇、席夫碱和聚合物等。最后针对二氧化碳腐蚀环境的复杂性,对未来缓蚀剂及其缓蚀机理的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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Hot alkaline solutions, such as potassium/sodium carbonate solutions, have been used for carbon dioxide removal and capture processes. This survey summarizes the available corrosion data of steels in the solution with carbon dioxide dissolved. Plant operating experiences and laboratory testing results are considered. The corrosion mechanisms, important factors, inhibitor effects, and corrosion cracking are analyzed. 相似文献
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CO2腐蚀的神经网络分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用神经网络的分析方法 ,对CO2 腐蚀进行分析建模 ,从系统的观点出发 ,建立了碳钢含碳量、CO2 分压、温度、流速与腐蚀速率之间的非线性对应关系 ,为准确的数学建模、预测设备的使用寿命和相关专家系统的研制开拓了新的思路 相似文献
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Harmonic analysis (HA) has been trialed as a method for the monitoring of carbon dioxide corrosion of mild steel under a variety of conditions, i.e., in the presence and absence of hydrocarbons along with corrosion inhibitors. It has been found that it is necessary to include the third harmonic current in order to obtain reliable corrosion rates by HA. A systematic error of approximately 100% was evident in a comparison of 2500 HA corrosion rates against comparable data obtained by using linear polarisation (LP) in conjunction with assumed Tafel slopes. Conversely, a correlation of recalculated LP data by using the HA determined Tafel slopes yielded comparable corrosion rates by HA and LP. This outcome suggests that HA is capable of providing a higher degree of accuracy in studies of carbon dioxide corrosion, as compared to LP, due to the former technique's ability to determine simultaneously the Tafel slopes and corrosion rates. 相似文献
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In this research, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and corrosion behaviour of API 5L X52 carbon steel in 25?wt-% diethanolamine solution, saturated/unsaturated with carbon dioxide and containing 0 and 200?ppm hydrogen sulphide at different temperatures were investigated using slow strain rate test, electrochemical measurement and microscopic analysis. In addition, the presence of heat stable amine salts (HSASs) in the test solution was studied using spectrophotometry and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Analysis of the results showed that the primary components to form HSASs exist in the solution. The results indicated that SCC is more likely in solutions without amine. Increase in corrosion rate of carbon steel by increase in temperature was clearly observed and concluded that the simultaneous presence of hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide in the solution can increase the corrosion rate of carbon steel more than having one of the gases in the solution. 相似文献