块体Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18非晶合金的低温压缩行为

研究块体Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18非晶合金在液氮温度下的准静态压缩力学行为,并对不同应变速率时的低温力学性能和室温性能进行对比.结果表明:块体Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18非晶合金在低温时的压缩强度明显高于室温时的压缩强度;且随着应变速率的增大,低温压缩强度增加的幅度较大,即正应变速率敏感因子增大;在液氮温度和低应变速率条件下,光滑断面的出现说明低温对降低粘度起着阻碍作用,粘度降低的量级没有达到形成脉状花样所需要的要求;随着应变速率的增加,剪切断口脉状花样的出现说明高应变速率能够明显降低剪切面粘度.     

Ti45Zr35Cu5Ni15块体非晶合金动态压缩性能研究

通过铜模喷铸法制备了含有少量纳米晶的Ti45Zr35Cu5Ni15大块非晶合金。利用分离式霍普金森杆(SHPB)分别对试样进行室温(25℃)、-80℃和液氮温度(-196℃)三种不同温度环境下的高应变率加载动态压缩实验,结合带有能谱的场发射扫描电镜(SEM)观察材料压缩断口的形貌特征。对比分析发现：材料在-80℃下的动态最大抗压强度以及塑性变形最高,最大抗压强度达到2378MPa,塑性应变达到12%,强韧性配合优异,在材料断口形貌中发现了独特的褶皱特征;材料在室温以及液氮温度下的力学性能相近,最大抗压强度在1600MPa左右,塑性应变达到8%左右,断口中出现了大量的河流花样。材料在室温下表现为应变软化,在低温下表现出一定程度的应变率强化效应。     

Ti48Zr20Nb12Cu5Be15内生相非晶合金压缩性能研究

摘 要: 采用铜模喷铸法成功制备出内含β-Ti(Zr,Nb)晶体相的Ti48Zr20Nb12Cu5Be15内生相非晶合金,在室温环境下对其进行准静态和动态压缩力学性能测试,结合S-4800型扫描电镜(SEM)对压缩试样断口进行观察,并对不同应变率下的力学性能进行对比。结果表明：内生相非晶合金的结构为非晶基体和在非晶基体上均匀分布着的β-Ti(Zr,Nb)晶体相组成。Ti48Zr20Nb12Cu5Be15内生相非晶合金在准静态压缩时,随应变率的增加抗压强度有明显的提高,存在应变率硬化现象,表现出与一般非晶合金体系不同的应变率效应;在动态压缩条件下,动态抗压强度随着应变率的提高也有较明显的增加,表现为应变率硬化效应。由于内生相非晶合金在动态压缩条件下的绝热温升效应和非晶的碎化,导致在室温条件下Ti48Zr20Nb12Cu5Be15内生相非晶合金的动态压缩抗压强度和应变低于准静态压缩抗压强度和应变。     

Al对Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Be非晶合金热稳定性和力学性能的影响

利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、差示扫描量热(DSC)和室温压缩试验等分析手段,通过替代(Ti40Zr20Cu8Ni9Be18Al5)和掺杂[(Ti40Zr25Cu8Ni9Be18)0.95Al0.05)]两种元素添加方法,研究了5%(摩尔分数)Al元素对Ti40Zr25Cu8Ni9Be18非晶合金铸态组织、热稳定性和力学性能的影响。替代和掺杂的Al元素使直径为3mm的非晶合金棒状试样中分别析出了纳米晶和准晶。Al替代Zr使非晶合金薄带试样的过冷液相区从46K升高到50K,而以掺杂方式添加时却使其降低为31K。替代方式添加的Al元素使非晶合金的压缩断裂强度从1924MPa提高到2121MPa,但塑性应变从3.9%降低到了0.2%;而掺杂方式添加的Al元素使非晶合金强度降低为1475MPa,并呈现零塑性。     

初生纳米晶对Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18非晶合金结构稳定性的影响

通过感应熔炼喷铸法制备具有非晶/纳米晶复合结构的块体Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18合金。在与全非晶结构的Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18合金进行比较的基础上,研究Ti40Zr25Ni8Cu9Be18非晶/纳米晶合金在均匀流变过程中的晶化程度,分析其在连续升温过程中的晶化动力学。结果表明:初始纳米晶的存在不会明显降低非晶/纳米晶合金在过冷液相区流变过程中的结构稳定性;非晶/纳米晶合金的晶化激活能约为233.21 kJ/mol,与非晶合金的晶化激活能大致相同;随着转变分数的增加非晶/纳米晶合金的局部Avrami指数从2变化到0.5,明显低于非晶合金的局部Avrami指数;这表明初始纳米晶并没有明显加速非晶的晶化过程。     

Effects of Nb Addition on Glass-Forming Ability，Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Ti-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses

(Ti40Zr25Cu9Ni8Be18)100-xNbx(x=0,1,3,4,5 at%)钛基大块金属玻璃由铜模铸制得,制得的金属玻璃由直径大于6 mm的全非晶相构成。铌添加对非晶形成能力和热稳定性的影响由X射线衍射仪,透射电子显微镜和示差扫描热量计分析研究,机械特性由MTS810型力学特性测试仪在室温下以压缩模式测量,应变速率为2×10-4 s-1。实验发现:铌的添加对非晶形成能力几乎没有影响,但使得热稳定性有所提高。随着铌含量的增加,合金表现出很高的抗断强度,当x=4时,合金表现出最高的耐压强度1945 MPa和塑性延伸7%,塑性有明显提高。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,(Ti40Zr25Cu9Ni8Be18)96Nb4的高延展性是由于形成了高密度的剪切带的原因。     

铌添加对钛基大块金属玻璃的非晶形成能力、热稳定性及机械特性的影响(英文)

(Ti40Zr25Cu9Ni8Be18)100-xNbx(x=0,1,3,4,5 at%)钛基大块金属玻璃由铜模铸制得,制得的金属玻璃由直径大于6 mm的全非晶相构成。铌添加对非晶形成能力和热稳定性的影响由X射线衍射仪,透射电子显微镜和示差扫描热量计分析研究,机械特性由MTS810型力学特性测试仪在室温下以压缩模式测量,应变速率为2×10-4 s-1。实验发现:铌的添加对非晶形成能力几乎没有影响,但使得热稳定性有所提高。随着铌含量的增加,合金表现出很高的抗断强度,当x=4时,合金表现出最高的耐压强度1945 MPa和塑性延伸7%,塑性有明显提高。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,(Ti40Zr25Cu9Ni8Be18)96Nb4的高延展性是由于形成了高密度的剪切带的原因。     

固结参数对热压成型铜基块体非晶合金力学性能的影响

采用雾化法制备Cu50Zr40Ti10非晶合金粉末,在大气环境下将其热压成型为块体非晶合金,并基于L9（34）正交实验对热压成型条件进行优化。固结成型的Cu50Zr40Ti10块体非晶合金的抗压强度和应变极限值分别达到1090.4MPa和11.9%。固结压力显著影响块体非晶合金的应变极限和抗压强度,但是固结温度的影响不显著。初始成形力对块体非晶合金的抗压强度的影响不显著而对应变极限的影响很显著。Cu50Zr40Ti10非晶合金粉末的最优热压成型工艺条件为：首先在150MPa压力下进行预成型,然后在380°C和450MPa条件下进行热压。     

含钴锆基块状非晶合金的制备与力学性能

采用水淬法制备了Zr—Ti—Cu—Ni—Be—Co块状非晶合金(BMGs)。使用XRD进行相分析，采用热分析仪进行玻璃转变温度、晶化温度和热稳定性等的测定，用SEM观察试样压缩后的外表面和断口形貌。研究了Co对Zr—Ti—Cu—Ni—Be合金非晶形成能力(GFA)、热稳定性及力学性能的影响。结果表明：含Co的所有Zr—Ti—Cu—Ni—Be BMGs都有1个明显的玻璃转变点和宽的过冷液相区(△T）。Zr38Ti17Cu10.5Co12Be22.5合金具有和Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5合金相当的△T；Co的添加明显提高Zr—Ti—Cu—Ni—Be BMGs的力学性能，含Co量大于10at％的Zr—Ti—Cu—Ni—Be BMGs的压缩断裂强度（σf）超过2000MPa，Zr38Ti17Co22.5Be22.5合金的σf达到2230MPa，比Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5合金的σf提高23％。     

块体非晶合金绝热升温与锯齿流变机制

对Zr41．2Ti13．8Ni10Cu12．5Be22．5块体非晶合金压缩条件下的力学行为进行了研究,利用应变能理论,以面积比(As／A)为参量,计算出了流变过程中剪切带形成时变形区域的温度,变化规律结果表明：随着变形的增大,弹性应变能增加,形成剪切带时的温度逐渐升高,当剪切带面积比As／A值小于1／4时,升高的温度将达到或超过玻璃转变温度,导致变形区域粘度降低,从而促进剪切带继续扩展并导致最终断裂．此局部温度变化规律揭示了块体非晶合金锯齿流变直至断裂的机制．     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.