疲劳载荷下P／M Rene95合金中夹杂物的微观行为研究

采用人工植入Al2O3夹杂的试样，通过SEM下的原位试验，动态跟踪及分析了拉－拉疲劳载荷下P／M Rene95合金中表面或近表面夹杂物的微观行为。结果表明：在所研究的夹杂物的尺度范围内，载荷波形对夹杂物的微观力学行为有很大影响。在三角波加载条件下，虽然夹杂物／基体界面更易萌生裂纹，但表面或近表面夹杂物对试样的断裂影响较小；在正弦波载荷条件下，疲劳裂纹的萌生、扩展及试样的断裂均与表面或近表面夹杂物的基本特性有关。而且，降低正弦波加载时的应力幅值可大大提高夹杂物／基体界面疲劳裂纹的萌生寿命。     

钢精炼过程非金属夹杂物演变与控制

夹杂物控制是高品质特殊钢生产的难点和重点,本文介绍了钢中夹杂物的主要类型及其在精炼过程中的生成演变及去除行为规律,并结合作者的研究与实践,阐述了夹杂物控制的关键技术.钢中夹杂物类型与最初脱氧产物有较大的区别,其生成和演变与钢中的成分元素(如Ca、Mg和Ti等)密切相关,同一组成的夹杂物在钢中形态分布不同,最终会导致评级...     

钢中非金属夹杂物控制技术发展现状及展望

钢中夹杂物的数量、尺寸、分布规律对钢产品质量有较大影响,因此,控制钢中非金属夹杂物是冶炼高品质洁净钢、提升产品品质的关键。通过对钢中非金属夹杂物性质、来源入手,分析了夹杂物碰撞、聚合长大、上浮及去除机理,同时对气泡吸附、电磁净化、过滤分离等夹杂物控制技术进行了对比分析,并对氧化物冶金技术发展现状进行了介绍。研究表明,气泡法与过滤法是以气泡和过滤器为媒介对钢水中夹杂进行吸附、捕捉并促进其进入渣相;电磁净化法借助电磁场离心力增加夹杂物碰撞、聚集长大的几率,但设备较为复杂,其应用受电力资源供给限制;夹杂物改性技术是将高熔点夹杂变性生成低熔点夹杂,促进夹杂物上浮,其操作简单,但容易造成钢水的二次污染。氧化物冶金技术通过改变夹杂物大小、形状和分布来钉扎和抑制高温下奥氏体晶粒的长大,避免粗大晶粒的形成,从而实现细化组织、提高钢的强度和韧性的目的。氧化物冶金技术为夹杂物的控制提供了新思路,具有重要的应用前景。     

镍基粉末高温合金中夹杂物的微观力学行为研究

采用扫描电镜原位拉伸和原位疲劳实验,直接跟踪观察人工植入夹杂(Al2O3)的粉末高温合金(P/MRene95)中夹杂物的微观力学行为(特别是裂纹的萌生、扩展以致断裂的过程）。同时，采用ANSYS有限元分析软件，建立含夹杂物的P／MRene95合金的有限元分析模型，计算在受力状态下夹杂物及其周围基体的应力应变场分布，进而从宏观动力学角度分析夹杂物的微观力学行为。     

钢中非金属夹杂物

GB/T 10561—2005《钢中非金属夹杂物含量的测定——标准评级图显微检验法》2005-05-12发布,2005-10-01实施。它代替了GB/T 10501—1989《钢中非金属夹杂物的显微评定方法》。该标准等同采用（IDT）国际标准ISO4967：1998（E）《钢中非金属夹杂物含量的测定——标准评级图显微检验法》。根据夹杂物的形态和分布,标准图谱分为A、B、C、D和DS五大类。这五大类夹杂物代表最常观察到的夹杂物的类型和形态,过去曾使用过的塑性夹杂物和脆性夹杂物的名称应予以取消。     

连铸结晶器内簇状夹杂物分形生长的Monte-Carlo模拟

建立夹杂物分形长大数学模型来描述连铸结晶器内夹杂物的动态长大过程.采用Euler方法给出了连铸结晶器内钢液流动和夹杂物的三维分布,采用Lagrange方法跟踪单个夹杂物颗粒在夹杂物浓度场中的运动来研究其碰撞、长大过程.计算结果表明:钢液的夹带作用是影响夹杂物分布的关键因素.钢液流动和夹杂物分布在连铸机内均具有上、下两个循环区,在出口处具有"W"分布特征.对于单个夹杂物,由于种于夹杂物不断吸附其它夹杂物,因此较大粒径的夹杂物具有多个突起和触手,呈簇状形态.     

连铸板坯凝固过程中夹杂物运动模拟研究

基于CFD建立了连铸过程中钢液流动、凝固及夹杂物运动三维数学模型。考虑铸坯弧形和水口形状,研究了连铸板坯凝固坯壳对钢液流动和夹杂物运动的影响,得出了夹杂物的上浮率及在凝固铸坯上的分布。研究结果表明,铸坯凝固对钢液流场有显著影响。凝固坯壳阻碍钢液向下流动,考虑凝固的钢液回流区更靠近弯月面,钢液流出回流区更趋于向铸坯中心运动;凝固的夹杂物上浮率相对于不考虑凝固的夹杂物上浮率高。     

国内外帘线钢盘条夹杂物检验方法的介绍

围绕国内外帘线钢盘条的夹杂物检验方法，对国内外4种主要典型帘线钢盘条夹杂物检验方法进行了详细介绍及比较，了解了4种检验方法的技术特点，总结了帘线钢盘条夹杂物检验方法的核心要点，尤其对这4种检验方法中所涉及的试样取样面积、夹杂物的类型名称、光学显微镜下不同类型夹杂物的特征形貌进行了识别，阐明了做好帘线钢盘条夹杂物检验和质量控制的价值和意义。     

夹杂物对油井管钢氢致开裂腐蚀的影响

对油井管钢进行了pH 2.0溶液浸泡的氢致开裂(HIC)试验。考察了油井管钢的抗HIC性能,分析了不同种类夹杂物对钢板HIC性能的影响。结果表明,在强酸性腐蚀环境中,夹杂物越多,钢对HIC越敏感。诱发油井管钢氢致开裂的夹杂物主要为MnS夹杂物、Al2O3夹杂物和硅铝酸盐复合夹杂物,其中长条状MnS夹杂物危害最大。夹杂物诱发裂纹的初期形貌为夹杂周围出现空洞,空洞的扩展成为氢致裂纹。     

IF钢中的夹杂物

对无间隙原子钢（ＩＦ钢）中的夹杂物进行了研究。研究结果表明：ＩＦ钢中的夹杂物主要是Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＮ型复合夹杂物;夹杂物呈颗粒状在钢中弥散分布,其尺寸大部分在１～５μｍ;位于夹杂物中心的Ａｌ２Ｏ３起着ＴｉＮ异质形核核心的作用;夹杂物对钢性能的均匀性有较大影响。     

Numerical simulation of stress field in inclusions of large rudder arm steel castings

The influence of non-metallic inclusions on quality and performance of steel depends on not only the quantity of inclusions,but also the type,shape,size,distribution,and deformation behavior. In this paper,ANSYS finite element analysis software is used to simulate the stress field of inclusions appearing in heavy rudder arm steel castings,the effects of inclusion type,shape,distribution,and various loading conditions were studied. The micromechanics of inclusions in such castings were also analyzed. Such research provides further cladficetion on reaction mechanism of inclusions under complex loading conditions.     

夹杂物对不锈钢孔蚀敏感性的影响

<正> 孔蚀的发生与发展一直是国内外许多研究工作者感兴趣的问题。在孔蚀发生敏感位置的研究中,对晶界与硫化物夹杂物研究得较多,而对非金属夹杂物方面的研究就比较少,因此我们探讨了00Cr11Ni10Mo2Ti不锈钢中非金属夹杂物的类型、大小、分布与孔蚀发生的关系。     

Deformation behavior of inclusions in stainless steel strips during multi-pass cold rolling

The strip quality is affected by the shape and the distribution of inclusions. The investigation of inclusion deformation in rolling process is significant for understanding the deformation mechanism of inclusion and guiding production. In present work, the behavior of spherical non-metallic inclusions in type 304 stainless steel strips during multi-pass cold rolling has been simulated by 3D finite element method and updating geometric method. The shape of inclusions is obtained under a variety of the inclusion sizes and positions. The inclusions elongate along rolling direction and compress along strip thickness direction, but slightly change along strip width direction. When the inclusion diameter is less than 10 μm, the inclusion scarcely deforms. As the inclusion sizes increase, the inclusion deformation gradually increases. The inclusion deformation also increases with the inclusion approaching the strip surface. As the rolling pass increases, the differences of inclusion shapes increase under various inclusion sizes and positions. The inclusion profile after cold rolling calculated by simulation is consistent with that by experiments. Finally, the relationship between the inclusion deformation and the crack generation is discussed.     

Behavior of inclusions with weak adhesion to strip matrix during rolling using FEM

Inclusions inevitably exist in steel strips, whose deformation behavior during rolling severely affects the quality of product. In this paper, the behavior of inclusions in stainless steel strip during cold rolling under various inclusion sizes and positions, and shapes (circle, square, and triangle) were simulated by the finite element method for both hard and soft inclusions when the inclusions were with weak adhesion to the strip matrix. The inclusion shape, the crack position, and size around inclusions after rolling were obtained. When the inclusions are hard, there are cracks around them after rolling. When the inclusions are soft, there are no cracks around them for the circle, square, and triangle inclusions. The calculated results of the relationship between the inclusions and the strip matrix after cold rolling are in good agreement with those of the experimental ones.     

16MnR钢铸坯夹杂物研究

通过金相检验、大样电解和扫描电镜等分析方法,研究了16MnR钢铸坯中的夹杂物分布、形状、尺寸以及类型等。并且根据实验结果得出了铸坯夹杂物的主要来源以及解决措施。     

The effect of die materials on the strain distribution in electro-galvanized sheet steel forming

The punch load and strain distribution of two deformed sheet steels, aluminum killed drawing quality steel (AKDQ Bare) and electro-galvanized drawing quality steel (AKDQ E.G.), are examined under the various process conditions including, die materials, punch speed, blank holding force, drawbead height and lubricant. The punch load and strain distribution ot Bare sheet steel forming is higher than that of E.G.sheet steel on the Kirkesite die set and are reversed on the GM 241 die set. The punch load and strain distribution on the Kirkesite die set is lower than those of the GM 241 die set. The changes of punch load and strain distribution ot the deformed cup for two sheet steels are affected by the frictional behavior of each sheet steel. It shows that the changes of frictional behavior having to be considered in the die design.     

稀土Ce含量对4Cr5MoSiV1钢中夹杂物的变质作用

为探究Ce元素对热作模具钢中夹杂物的影响及其作用机理,用场发射扫描电镜(SEM/EDS)和附带的夹杂物自动分析系统对不同Ce含量的4Cr5MoSiV1钢中夹杂物的类型、形貌、数量、尺寸及其分布进行观察和统计分析。结果表明,不含Ce的试样中夹杂物不仅数量多、平均尺寸较大且形状不规则,主要类型为Mg-Al-O类、MnS和Mg-Al-O外覆盖MnS的夹杂物;随Ce含量的增加,试样中的夹杂物有数量和平均尺寸减小、并变质为球形稀土硫氧化物的趋势。当钢中Ce含量为0.0070%时,夹杂物的数量最少,平均尺寸最小;继续增加稀土Ce含量到0.0120%时,会形成更多的硫氧化物夹杂,且夹杂物有数量增多、平均尺寸增大的趋势。随着凝固过程的进行,Ce主要以稀土硫氧化物形式存在试验钢中,60%以上的夹杂物会被凝固前沿推动,且最终留在晶界附近。     

4Cr10Si2Mo钢气门杆表面麻坑分析

4Cr10Si2Mo钢气门杆部在精磨后经常会出现"麻坑".通过低倍检测、显微组织观察、SEM能谱分析等手段对"麻坑"产生的原因进行了研究.结果表明,其产生的原因与Si、Al、Ca形成的脆性夹杂物有关,在金属塑性变形及冷、热加工过程中,由于受到拉应力作用,脆性夹杂物碎裂后脱落而造成.为了防止"麻坑"的产生,必须提高气阀钢冶金质量,严格控制气门原材料表面质量及夹杂物的数量、大小、分布、形态.     

硅锰钢中夹杂物应力场数值模拟

采用ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立含不同种类、形态夹杂物的硅锰钢有限元模型,计算在单向拉伸状态下含夹杂物的硅锰钢应力场分布,进而从宏观力学角度分析夹杂物的力学行为。结果表明,夹杂物和基体的弹性模量的差距及夹杂物的形态,对试样内的应力集中程度及最大应力影响最显著。