含局部流水的柔性作业车间调度研究

针对含有局部流水生产的柔性作业车间生产调度问题,首先在柔性作业车间调度问题的基础上建立调度模型,然后提出一种基于模拟退火法的调度算法,同时对加工路径和加工顺序进行优化,并实现最小化完工时间的调度目标。最后通过实例进行仿真,结果表明了算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于熵增强混沌遗传算法的柔性作业车间调度

为使企业获得最优综合调度质量的车间调度方案,研究了多目标柔性作业车间调度数学模型及其求解算法,建立了基于最大完工时间、最大机器负荷差、机器总负荷和调度复杂度4个调度质量指标的多目标柔性作业车间调度问题模型(MFJSP),提出熵增强混沌遗传算法(ECGA)求解该模型,应用伯努利混沌映射公式改进算法选择操作,用高斯云模型改进变异算子和交叉算子,提高算法的全局寻优能力和搜索效率。根据计算的交叉概率和变异概率执行切牌式交叉操作和两基因片段式变异操作提高种群基因的多样性。以M8J12P3调度问题为例验证了MFJSP模型和ECGA算法的有效性。结果表明,与SGA、PSO和ABC相比,ECGA具有更快的收敛速度和更好的全局搜索能力,有助于企业提高生产效率和降低成本。     

柔性作业车间调度问题研究现状及发展趋势

文章描述了柔性作业车间调度问题,并根据目标、约束、批量等不同的分类标准对其进行了分类,总结了柔性作业车间调度问题建模方法及优化算法的研究现状,最后通过现存问题的分析探讨了发展趋势.     

改进遗传算法求解低碳约束的柔性车间调度问题

考虑了实际生产的碳排放问题,提出低碳排放约束下的柔性作业车间调度问题,以最大完工时间最小和碳排放最小为目标。采用改进的遗传算法求解低碳约束下的柔性作业车间调度问题,采用分步求解,先以最大完工时间最小进行调度方案的优化,再以碳排放指标进行调度方案的选取。在低碳约束下,同时考虑机器加工运转和空闲运转,设计不同机器间的碳排放模型。通过使用改进的遗传算法求解仿真案例得到不同的调度方案,根据预设碳排放模型比较分析得出调度方案的优劣。最后通过对企业生产实例的计算,并对不同调度方案进行总碳排放的对比,验证所建立的碳排放模型的有效性。     

基于离散多元宇宙算法的柔性作业车间调度北大核心

针对柔性作业车间调度问题计算复杂度高,求解困难的难题,提出了一种离散多元宇宙优化算法。首先,建立起以最大完工时间为目标的柔性作业车间调度模型,使用两段式整数编码和贪婪插入解码建立算法与调度问题之间的联系;其次,设计宇宙种群初始化方法,以确保初始调度解的质量和多样性;然后,在基本多元宇宙算法的基础上,设计新的白洞选择,黑洞白洞传输和向最优宇宙移动机制,提高了算法求解柔性作业车间调度问题的性能。通过基准算例与其他智能算法比较,实验表明,所提算法可以有效的求解柔性作业车间调度问题。     

柔性作业车间鲁棒调度与预防性维护集成优化

对柔性作业车间生产过程中预防性维护难以有效避免机器故障的发生,并且还存在各种无法预测的随机事件的问题进行了研究。为了有效应对这种情况,提出了多目标柔性作业车间鲁棒性调度与预防性维护的集成优化模型和在空闲时间进行预防性维护的策略,同时优化加工周期、机器可用性和调度方案的鲁棒性。应用多目标遗传算法NRGA对模型求解,并针对柔性作业车间调度问题的特点,采用三层编码方法。采用有效的交叉和变异操作避免产生非法解。最后通过模拟随机事件的发生进行仿真实验,结果表明提出的模型、维护策略和求解算法能够有效地提高生产效率、维护机器可用性、避免实际调度性能的恶化。     

基于遗传算法的柔性作业车间调度优化

针对经典作业车间调度问题的局限性,结合实际生产情况,提出了具有路径柔性的作业车间调度模型,给出了求解模型的遗传算法的具体实现过程.针对模型的特殊性,提出了染色体两层编码结构,将AOV、AOE网络图分别应用到解码和适应度函数的计算中,并给出了相应的选择、交叉、变异操作设计.最后通过一个8×6调度问题的测试例子,表明了此算法的有效性.     

可靠度区间维护与调度集成优化

针对柔性作业车间生产过程中的预防性维护方案难以有效预测设备故障造成的维护过量和不足等问题进行了研究.为了有效应对这种情况,提出了基于设备健康状态的可靠度区间维护与鲁棒性调度生产集成优化模型.以最小化最大完工时间最小和工序偏差度最小为优化目标,应用多目标遗传算法NRGA对模型求解,针对柔性作业车间特点采用四层编码方案.最...     

基于改进原子轨道搜索算法的多工艺路线柔性作业车间问题研究

针对多品种、小批量复杂产品在加工过程中忽略加工路线约束,导致调度方案中存在设备利用率低的问题,以完工时间最优为目标建立多工艺路线柔性作业车间数学模型。由于加入多约束后模型复杂度骤增,为有效求解该模型,提出一种改进原子轨道搜索算法。改进算法采用一种三层编码方式进行编码和解码;在算法初始化候选解时均匀生成全局加工路线;搜索过程中为增强局部搜索融入自体交叉;为避免陷入局部最优引入变邻域变异;迭代过程中设计了变工序数精英保留策略,扩大了搜索空间。最后,通过某内燃机车生产车间实例对模型和算法进行求解分析,验证了模型的有效性和算法的优越性及适用性。     

基于混合遗传算法的多目标柔性作业车间调度问题研究

针对柔性作业车间调度问题,提出一种改进的遗传算法,该算法考虑车间生产实际,使交货期短、成本降低、生产效率提高、资源利用率提高等建立多目标优化模型。对传统遗传算法进行一系列改进,在遗传算法的基础上,改进编码方式和遗传算子,结合精英保留策略和小生境技术,使算法的收敛性和多样性进一步优化,采用权重系数变化法计算染色体的适应度。仿真分析表明,提出改进后的混合遗传算法能有效解决柔性作业车间多目标调度优化问题。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).