175℃回归7150-RRA铝合金力学性能及剥蚀性能

采用拉伸性能测试、剥落腐蚀实验及透射电镜观察研究了175℃回归时7150-RRA铝合金力学性能、剥蚀行为及微观组织,并与T6及T73时效工艺进行了比较研究。结果表明,7150-T6铝合金强度高而剥蚀敏感性大;7150-T73铝合金强度降低而耐腐蚀性大幅度提高。175℃回归时,7150-RRA铝合金剥蚀敏感性随回归时间延长而降低;回归时间延长至3h,7150-RRA铝合金可保持7150-T6的高强度,而其剥蚀敏感性与7150-T73接近。     

LC4高强铝合金的腐蚀性能研究

利用慢应变速率拉伸试验方法研究了LC4铝合金在空气和3．5％NaCl溶液中的应力腐蚀断裂行为；利用HB5455－90标准研究了LC4铝合金的剥蚀行为；利用HB5255－83标准研究了LC4铝合金的晶间腐蚀行为。结果表明：LC4铝合金具有应力腐蚀敏感性，应力腐蚀的断口形貌受应变速率ε的影响较大；LC4铝合金对剥蚀很敏感，对晶间腐蚀不是很敏感。     

评估航空铝合金剥蚀性能新方法的研究

提出了一种新的评估航空铝合金剥蚀性能的电阻法,并结合LC4CS铝合金剥蚀性能和腐蚀电位的研究，进一步说明这种方法的可行性.     

7150铝合金剥蚀行为及腐蚀机理研究

研究了T6、T73及RRA处理(175℃同归)7150铝合金在EXCO溶液中的剥落腐蚀行为、n相与铝基体的电化学偶合行为及其相应的腐蚀机理.结果表明,7150-T6铝合金中n相在晶界连续分布,存在一个由晶界阳极性的n相与其边缘铝合金基体组成的腐蚀电偶而形成的腐蚀活性通道,导致7150-T6铝合金具有最大的品问腐蚀敏感性及剥蚀敏感性;而T73及RRA处理导致7150铝合金晶界n相聚集而分布不连续,因而其晶间腐蚀及剥蚀敏感性大幅度降低.7150-RRA(175℃同归3小时)铝合金耐蚀性与7150一r173接近;7150铝合金中n自腐蚀电位负于铝基体电位,其自腐蚀电流大于铝基体自腐蚀电流,在7150铝合金腐蚀过程中作为阳极而发生阳极溶解.     

LY12铝合金剥蚀行为的研究

用金相法，电阻法等研究ＬＹ１２铝合金板材在ＥＸＣＯ溶液中的剥蚀行为，该合金的剥蚀是从点蚀发展到晶间腐蚀，并在内应力的协同作用下产生层状开裂与剥落。腐蚀深度与深度时间的对数呈直线关系，但分成有不同斜度的两个阶段。峰值时效合金的剥蚀敏感性比自然时效合金高。     

7075铝合金在不同热处理工艺下的腐蚀性能研究

采用剥落腐蚀、晶间腐蚀方法,并结合金相（OM）显微观察和透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察,研究T6、RRA、二次时效、双级过时效和高温预析出时效对7075铝合金力学性能及腐蚀性能的影响及其影响机制。结果表明：以上五种热处理制度处理后的7075铝合金的强度具有RRA〉二次时效〉T6〉高温预析出时效〉双级过时效（T73）的规律,而其剥蚀和晶间腐蚀敏感性则具有RRA〈双级过时效〈高温预析出时效〈二次时效〈T6的规律。     

EXCO溶液与沿海大气环境中铝合金的剥蚀损伤等效关系模型

为建立铝合金材料在沿海大气环境中的剥蚀损伤与实验室EXCO溶液加速剥蚀损伤之间的等效关系,在已有的万宁大气腐蚀研究基础上,对2A12-T4铝合金在EXCO溶液中的腐蚀特性开展了研究,对腐蚀过程中腐蚀液pH变化规律及不同腐蚀时间后试件最小剩余厚度分别进行了研究;在此基础上,讨论了2A12-T4铝合金在EXCO溶液中的腐蚀机理,建立了EXCO溶液与沿海大气环境中铝合金的剥蚀损伤等效关系模型;基于最小剩余厚度等效原则得到模型的具体参数值,模型的误差小于0.92%。     

两种铝合金在3%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀特性

采用线性极化法和循环极化法,比较两种铝合金在不同pH值的3%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀速度、点蚀敏感性与蚀点发展趋势和它们的腐蚀特性.运用扫描电镜观察了铝合金的显微组织,比较铝合金的组织成分,分析杂质元素对耐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,除pH=9.5外,其它试验条件下铝合金ZL102(A)的腐蚀速度均小于铝合金LF6(B);铝合金A的点蚀敏感性较铝合金B小;铝合金B的蚀点发展趋势总体大于铝合金A;铝合金B中含多种杂质元素导致其耐点蚀性能较铝合金A差.     

拉应力对7075铝合金的剥蚀及其电化学阻抗谱的影响

研究了拉应力对双级过时效(121℃/35 h+160/20 h ) 7075铝合金剥蚀的影响及合金在EXCO溶液中的电化学阻抗谱.研究表明，拉应力可显著地促进铝合金剥蚀的发生及发展.浸泡初期，合金电化学阻抗谱由一个高-中频容抗弧及一个中-低频感抗弧组成.合金一旦发生剥蚀，电化学阻抗谱上即出现一个高-中频容抗弧及一个中-低频容抗弧.     

铝合金剥蚀过程的电化学阻抗谱分析

研究了轧制态及峰时效8090铝—锂合金、拉应力作用下及无应力作用时双级过时效7075铝合金的剥蚀发展过程，测量并拟合了合金发生剥蚀后的电化学阻抗谱。结果表明：发生剥蚀后，合金电化学阻抗谱由高—中频和中—低频容抗弧组成；可从电化学阻抗谱的拟合参数(变化趋势)得到剥蚀的相关信息。如剥蚀发展速度、剥蚀形貌、剥蚀表层是否脱落等．     

含钪Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金的剥蚀性能及电化学阻抗谱

采用剥落腐蚀(Exfoliation corrosion,EXCO)实验和电化学阻抗测试方法,研究时效对新型含钪Al-Cu-Li-Zr合金剥蚀性能的影响。结果表明:合金在EXCO溶液中剥落腐蚀敏感性由高到低的顺序为过时效,峰时效,欠时效;合金在EXCO溶液中浸泡初期,其电化学阻抗谱由一个高频容抗弧和低频感抗弧组成,且随浸泡时间的延长,低频感抗部分逐渐减弱直至消失;一旦发生剥蚀,合金的电化学阻抗谱出现两个部分重叠的容抗弧。依据腐蚀特征和电化学原理设计了等效电路图,对合金腐蚀发展过程的电化学阻抗谱进行了拟合,拟合数据和实验结果一致。     

Exfoliation corrosion of 7150 Al alloy with various tempers and its electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in EXCO solution

The exfoliation corrosion susceptibility and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of 7150 Al alloys with T6, T73, and RRA (retrogression at 175 °C for 3 h) tempers in EXCO solution were investigated. The anodic equilibrium precipitate η(MgZn₂) is continuous or closely spaced at the grain boundaries in the 7150‐T6 Al alloy, resulting in its greatest susceptibility to exfoliation corrosion. The grain boundary η precipitates in the RRA and T73 treated 7150 Al alloys are coarsened and show a clear discontinuous nature; they possess similar exfoliation corrosion sensitivity and their exfoliation corrosion resistance is greatly increased. At the beginning of immersion in EXCO solution, the EIS plot of the 7150 Al alloys is composed of a capacitive arc in the high to medium frequency range and an inductive component in the medium to low frequency range. As immersion time is increased, exfoliation corrosion with different corrosion ratings occurs on the surface of the 7150 Al alloy with various tempers, two capacitive arcs appear in the high to medium and medium to low frequency ranges, respectively. The fitted medium to low frequency capacitance C₂ of 7150‐T6 Al alloy, corresponding to the new surface caused by the exfoliation corrosion, is much greater than that of the T73 and RRA treated 7150 Al alloy, which is consistent with the greatest exfoliation corrosion susceptibility of the 7150‐T6 Al alloy.     

Exfoliation corrosion susceptibility of 8090 Al-Li alloy examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

The exfoliation corrosion susceptibility and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) of rolled and peak-aged 8090 AI-Li alloys in EXCO solution were studied, and the EIS after exfoliation was simulated. Once exfoliation occurs, two capacitive arcs appear in the EIS at high-mediate frequency and mediate-low frequency respectively. The exfoliation-attacked alloy surface consists of two parts, an original flat alloy surface and a new interface exposed to EXCO solution due to the exfoliation. The capacitance corresponding to the new exfoliation inter-face increases approximately linearly with time at early exfoliation stage, due to the enlargement of the new inter-face.Then it maintains stable, due to the corrosion product covering on the new inter-face. The exfoliation susceptibility can be judged through the average slope of the capacitance vs time curve of the early exfoliation stage. This average slope of the rolled 8090 alloy is much higher than that of the peak-aged 8090 alloy, accordingly the rolled 8090 alloy is more susceptible to exfoliation than the peak-aged 8090 alloy.     

铝-锂合金腐蚀性能研究综述

综述了铝-锂合金孔蚀、晶间腐蚀、应力腐蚀断裂(SCC)及剥蚀的研究现状。阐述了加工状态、热处理、显徽组织及腐蚀介质对一些铝-锂合金孔蚀及晶间腐蚀行为与SCC敏感性的影响及其影响机制．同时报道了一些研究铝-锂合金剥蚀的新方法，并提出了进一步研究的方向．     

Exfoliation and intergranular corrosion resistance of the 2198 Al–Cu–Li alloy with different thermomechanical treatments

In this study, the resistance to exfoliation and intergranular corrosion (IGC) of the 2198 Al–Cu–Li alloy submitted to different thermomechanical treatments (T3, T8, and T851) was investigated. The tests were carried out following the standard practices, ASTM G34-18 and ASTM G110-15, respectively. All the tested alloys showed susceptibility to exfoliation and some alloys showed susceptibility to IGC, but the artificially aged alloys presented a higher tendency to exfoliation. The extensive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was observed on the surfaces of artificially aged alloys when immersed in the EXCO solution. The HER resulted in an increase in solution pH with the time of immersion. Also, the weight losses related to the artificially aged alloys were higher than that of the naturally aged ones. The T8 treatment was the only condition that resulted in susceptibility to both, intergranular and transgranular corrosion, whereas the T851 treatment did not show IGC susceptibility, only transgranular corrosion. Finally, the 2198-T3 condition showed the highest corrosion resistance among the thermomechanical treatments tested. The results of the 2198 alloy subjected to various treatments were compared with that of the 2024-T3 alloy. This last alloy showed higher resistance to exfoliation and IGC as compared with the 2198 alloy.     

铝合金的晶间腐蚀与剥蚀

综述了近几十年来国内外在2xxx系和7xxx系铝合金及Al-Li合金的晶间腐蚀和剥蚀等研究方面的主要进展.总结了合金中晶界沉淀相的成分、分布及其与晶格的击穿电位差异等对晶间腐蚀的影响规律,探讨了热处理时效状态对合金耐蚀性和局部腐蚀动力学的影响机制.同时探讨了合金的晶格形态、腐蚀产物楔入作用等因素对合金剥蚀过程的影响规律,并对合金的晶间腐蚀和剥蚀研究中所采用的一些快速可靠的无损监检测方法,如电化学阻抗谱（EIS）,进行了评价.     

Effect of aging time and temperature on exfoliation corrosion of aluminum alloys 2024‐T3 and 7075‐T6

Two types of aluminum alloys, 2024‐T3 and 7075‐T6, have been selected in this study to investigate the effect of metallurgical aspects on exfoliation corrosion. To determine and evaluate the metallurgical effects of heat treatments on corrosion behaviour of these alloys, G34 ASTM test was selected to investigate the exfoliation corrosion behaviour. The results showed that with increasing the aging time for the aluminum alloy type 2024‐T3 the susceptibility to exfoliation corrosion increases, while for type 7075‐T6 decreased. These results refer to precipitation of the intermetallic compound phases such as CuAl₂, and MgZn₂, in 2024‐T3 and 7075‐T6 respectively. The amount of these phases increases with increasing the aging time for both alloys. The investigations showed the phases that initiate in 2024‐T3 act as anode sites while in 7075‐T6 they act as cathode sites.     

Relationship between alloy composition, microstructure and exfoliation corrosion in Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloys

The exfoliation corrosion (EFC) susceptibility of several 7000 Aluminium alloys has been studied after a variety of heat treatments using two independent corrosion tests (standard EXCO test and an electrochemical test based on potential transients analysis), together with detailed microstructural examinations. It is proposed that depending on heat treatment EFC may occur via two different mechanisms: inter-granular dissolution induced damage (IDD) or inter-granular fracture induced damage (IFD). The coexistence of these two mechanisms, leading to EFC, and their relative predominance explain the influence of alloy composition and heat treatment on EFC susceptibility via the confrontation of the two corrosion tests.     

Corrosion and corrosion testing of magnesium alloys

The corrosion behaviour of magnesium alloys is not substantially comparable to other metals, such as iron, nickel and copper. It is always accompanied by hydrogen evolution. More hydrogen is evolved at a more positive potential or a higher anodic current density. The ‘strange’ hydrogen evolution behaviour is a common phenomenon for magnesium alloys and it is called negative difference effect (NDE). The NDE continues to receive considerable discussion. Furthermore, the corrosion behaviour of magnesium alloys depends mainly on the pH value of the surrounding electrolyte. Voluminous reaction products, formed in neutral electrolytes, lead to a diffusion‐controlled dissolution on the surface of the underlying magnesium alloy. Therefore, influences from structure and alloying are suppressed very strongly. In alkaline environments, passivation occurs as a result of the formation of a hydroxide layer on the magnesium surface. Therefore, differences in the corrosion behaviour between the alloys are hardly detectable. Measurable effects can only be detected using very ‘aggressive’ corrosion conditions. Present methods do not adequately take into account the specific character of the corrosion of magnesium alloys. It can be better characterized using a rotating disc electrode for electrochemical measurements, which enables model defined flow conditions on the surface. Furthermore, the application of electrochemical noise offers the possibility of a simple and sensitive assessment of the corrosion susceptibility of magnesium alloys. Due to the high sensitivity of this measurement procedure, it is also possible to carry out examinations under more practical conditions.