利用EBSD技术研究690合金在高温高压水环境中腐蚀行为

采用扫描Kelvin探针(SKP)和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术结合高温高压浸泡实验研究了2种不同变形量的690合金的C型环样品在浸泡后的电化学行为。结果表明:690合金在高温高压浸泡实验中生成Fe、Ni、Cr的腐蚀产物;EBSD检测统计分析得25%变形量的690合金样品Σ3晶界所占比例比50%变形量的690合金样品所占比例多10%,均有轻微不同种类的织构;扫描Kelvin探针测得浸泡后电位Ek_p都有明显的升高,25%变形量的690合金C型环样品E升高到–3.5 mV,而50%变形量的690合金C型环样品Ek_p升高到–29.2 mV,说明25%变形量的690合金表面生成的腐蚀产物膜保护性能更好。     

核级商用690合金和800合金在模拟压水堆核电站一回路高温高压水中的腐蚀行为研究

在自行搭建的高温高压水循环回路系统中,通过原位电化学测量,结合SEM观察和XPS分析,研究了核级商用690合金和800合金在模拟压水堆核电站一回路高温高压水环境中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,690合金和800合金的自腐蚀电位随浸泡时间的延长而逐渐降低,浸泡时间对690合金和800合金的阻抗谱影响并不明显.经过408 h浸泡后,690合金表面生成了大量针状氧化物,800合金表面则同时生成了针状氧化物和颗粒状氧化物.690合金表面富Cr氧化层位于表面膜内侧,而800合金的富Cr氧化层位于表面膜外侧.在高温高压水中,690合金比800合金表现出更为优异的抗腐蚀能力.浸泡实验后,溶液中主要金属离子Ni²⁺,Cr³⁺和Fe（3+）的含量分别为0.1×10^-6,0.1×10^-6和0.3×10^-6.     

乙醇胺ETA浓度对核电站二回路碳钢和镍基合金690腐蚀的影响

利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线光电子谱（XPS）、X射线衍射（XRD）分析以及电化学实验研究了乙醇胺（ETA）浓度对碳钢和690合金浸泡腐蚀和电化学腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,碳钢的点蚀随着浓度的增加明显减少,碳钢表面腐蚀产物的主要成分为Fe₃O₄,690合金表面膜中没有观察到双层膜结构;在浓度为40、50、80 mg/L时观察到Cr的富集峰。在280 ℃条件下的电化学实验结果表明,ETA浓度为20 mg/L和40 mg/L时,对碳钢和690合金的电化学腐蚀行为影响不大。而在80 mg/L时,两种材料的腐蚀电流密度下降较多,极化电阻显著增大。     

Li含量对Al-Li合金在酸性NaCl水溶液中腐蚀行为的影响

真空熔炼制备1%和2%(质量分数)Li的Al-Li二元模型合金,研究Li含量对其在0.1mol/L NaCl+0.01mol/L酸性水溶液中电化学腐蚀行为的影响。采用自腐蚀电位和电化学阻抗(EIS)评价纯Al、Al-1Li和Al-2Li合金的耐蚀性能,结合X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和Mott-Schottky(M-S)曲线对3种试样表面腐蚀产物膜成分和半导体特征进行分析。结果表明:1%和2%Li使纯Al自腐蚀电位负移的同时,耐蚀性有所提高。合金元素Li参与腐蚀产物膜的形成,以Li_2O的形式掺杂于Al_2O_3为主要成分的腐蚀产物膜中,没有改变腐蚀产物膜的n型半导体特征;但Li_2O掺杂引起膜内氧空位浓度的降低,是Li提高纯Al耐蚀性的主要原因。     

Cu-Al-Mn-Zn-Zr形状记忆合金在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为

通过动态电位极化测量、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究铜基形状记忆合金(Cu-Al-Mn-Zn-Zr)在3.5%NaCl(质量分数)溶液中的腐蚀行为。腐蚀开始时,形状记忆合金表面形成的氧化产物不断覆盖合金表面,导致腐蚀速率降低。合金在NaCl溶液中浸泡4 d后,腐蚀产物层变厚及更加疏松多孔,导致腐蚀速率增大,合金表面的腐蚀反应机理由极化控制向扩散控制转变。在NaCl溶液中浸泡6~15 d后,试样的扩散阻抗随氧化层厚度的增加而增大。在整个腐蚀过程中,合金的腐蚀机理发生改变,耐蚀性能持续提高。腐蚀产物主要为CuO、ZnO、Al2O3、MnO/Mn2O3、MnO2和Al(OH)3。腐蚀过程中腐蚀产物由Cu2O转变为CuO,由Al2O3转变为Al(OH)3。     

硼酸缓冲溶液中Clˉ浓度和温度对690合金腐蚀行为的影响

在硼酸缓冲溶液中,采用动电位极化、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和半导体电容分析方法分别研究了Clˉ浓度(0.5-2 mol/L)和溶液温度(25-80℃)对690合金腐蚀行为的影响,并结合AFM,XPS及电位-pH图分析了钝化膜层的腐蚀产物.结果表明,不同Clˉ浓度和温度的溶液中,690合金均表现出沿晶腐蚀和二次钝化的特征....     

Li对纯Al在酸性NaCl水溶液中腐蚀行为的影响

真空熔炼制备1wt%和2wt%Li的Al-Li二元模型合金,研究Li含量对其在0.1MNaCl+0.01MH2SO4酸性水溶液中电化学腐蚀行为的影响。采用自腐蚀电位和电化学阻抗（EIS）评价纯Al、Al-1Li和Al-2Li合金的耐蚀性能,结合X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和Mott-Schottky（M-S）曲线对三种试样表面腐蚀产物膜成分和半导体特征进行分析。结果表明1wt%和2wt%Li使纯Al自腐蚀电位负移的同时,耐蚀性有所提高。合金元素Li参与腐蚀产物膜的形成,以Li2O的形式掺杂于Al2O3为主要成分的腐蚀产物膜中,没有改变腐蚀产物膜的n型半导体特征;但Li2O掺杂引起膜内氧空位浓度的降低,是Li提高纯Al耐蚀性的主要原因。     

690合金在含Pb高温高压水中的腐蚀产物膜

将690合金样品在高压釜内进行4400 h含高温高压水腐蚀试验,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、俄歇电子能谱(AES)和拉曼光谱(Raman)等研究690合金在含Pb高温高压水中形成的腐蚀产物膜,研究690合金在含Pb溶液中腐蚀产物膜的生长规模。结果表明:690合金在晶界处腐蚀较快,腐蚀形貌呈晶格网状;腐蚀产物膜中含有Pb呈外层富镍内层富铬的双层结构;腐蚀产物膜主要由Cr、NiFe、NiO等氧化物和Ni相组成;Pb掺杂于腐蚀产物膜,降低了腐蚀产物膜的保护性,增加了690合金的腐蚀速度。     

Cl~-对690合金在高温高压水中腐蚀行为的影响

采用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪研究了Cl-对690合金在高温高压水中腐蚀行为的影响。研究表明:690合金内外表面状态对其腐蚀形貌有显著影响,Cl-使得表面形成的钝化膜不均匀,出现较多的点蚀坑。溶液中的Cl-能够影响腐蚀产物膜的结构。当溶液中不含有Cl-时,腐蚀产物膜为双层结构,外层腐蚀产物为颗粒状;当溶液中含有Cl-时,腐蚀产物膜具有单层结构。XRD结果表明:两种环境中的钝化膜产物主要由Cr2O3、NiFe2O4、NiO等氧化物组成,但含Cl-条件下的氧化物较少。     

氮元素对2Cr13不锈钢CO2腐蚀产物膜结构和电化学性能的影响

利用高温高压釜进行2Cr13不锈钢的高温高压CO2腐蚀实验，用扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线光电子谱（XPS）分析腐蚀产物膜的形貌和成分，电化学交流阻抗谱测试腐蚀产物膜对2Cr13不锈钢电极过程影响，失重法评价两种2Cr13不锈钢CO2均匀腐蚀速率．结果表明：含氮钢的腐蚀产物膜结构比较疏松，腐蚀膜中的Cr2O3被CrN和Na3CrO4部分替代，并且含有较多的Fe3O4和α—FeOOH，其膜的电阻值比不含氮的2Cr13钢的小，腐蚀速率较大．     

热浸Zn-Ti合金镀层的耐腐蚀性能

为了抑制热镀锌过程中因含硅活性钢引起的镀层超厚生长,采用在纯锌浴中加Ti的方法,研究了热浸Zn-Ti合金镀层的耐蚀性能.采用浸泡腐蚀、电化学极化、交流阻抗以及X射线光电子能谱等方法,研究了热浸Zn-Ti合金镀层的耐蚀性能.结果表明:Zn-Ti舍金镀层在5%NaCl溶液中的自发腐蚀倾向小于Zn镀层,其极化电阻和交流阻抗增大,腐蚀电流密度减小,耐蚀性能提高.Zn-Ti镀层表面形成的氧化膜由ZnO和TiO2组成.Zn-Ti合金镀层的耐腐蚀性能优于纯锌镀层是由于在镀层表面形成了更加稳定的TiO2膜.     

Effects of nitric acid passivation on the corrosion behavior of ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo stainless steel in simulated marine atmosphere

ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo martensitic stainless steel was nitric acid-passivated to improve its corrosion performance. The effects of nitric acid passivation on the surface morphology, chemical composition, electrochemical properties, semiconductor behavior, and long-term corrosion performance of the stainless steel were investigated using various analytical techniques. An in-depth analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the passive film formed after the acid passivation process showed high thickness and a duplex character as it consisted of a hydroxide layer and an oxide layer. The oxide layer affected the corrosion resistance and thickness of the passive film. The thickness of the passive film was calculated theoretically as well as experimentally by fitting the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and XPS results. The electrochemical tests revealed that the dramatic increase in the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel after the passivation was due to the formation of a thick, low-disorder passive film rather than Cr enrichment. The removal of inclusions resulted in higher pitting resistance, whereas the increased roughness showed a negative effect on the corrosion behavior of the stainless steel. During the wet–dry cyclic tests, the modification of the passive film was examined. The passivated stainless steel exhibited good corrosion resistance for up to 50 days of exposure in the simulated environment.     

Electrochemical behaviors of magnesium alloy with phosphate conversion coating in NaCl solutions

A composite conversion coating was prepared on magnesmm alloy by the only one-step immersion treatment.The characteristics of the conversion coating were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results indicate that the composite conversion coating consists of magnesmm hydroxide,magnesmm phosphate and manganese phosphate.The electrochemical behavior of the conversion coating was investigated systematically by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization measurement in different NaCl solutions.Polarization measurements and EIS results reveal that the magnesium alloy with the conversion coating have better corrosion resistance compared to the bare magnesium alloy in these conditions.And the corrosion rate of the magnesium alloy with conversion coating increases consistently with the chloride ion concentration.In alkaline conditions,the magnesium alloy with conversion coating has superior corrosion resistance by the synergistic effects between Mg(OH)_2 film and conversion coating.Moreover,the electrochemical corrosion mechanism of the magnesium alloy was analyzed with respect to the conversion coating in a Cl~- containing environment.     

690合金在ETA和AVT水工况下的电化学特性

采用Tafel极化曲线法和电化学阻抗法研究了690合金在乙醇胺(ETA)和全挥发处理(AVT)两种水工况下的电化学行为,并着重考察了pH值、温度、Cl-和SO42-对690合金电化学性能的影响.结果表明,在两种不同水工况下,pH值升高会提高690合金的耐蚀性,而温度升高和Cl-,SO42-的加入则均会加速690合金的腐蚀.在相同条件下,690合金与ETA水工况有更好的兼容性,ETA的缓蚀性能优于NH3.     

Effects of benzotriazole on anodized film formed on AZ31B magnesium alloy in environmental-friendly electrolyte

An environmental-friendly electrolyte of silicate and borate, which contained an addition agent of 1H-benzotriazole (BTA) with low toxicity (LD50 of 965 mg/kg), was used to prepare an anodized film on AZ31B magnesium alloy under the constant current density of 1.5 A/dm² at room temperature. Effects of BTA on the properties of the anodized film were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), loss weight measurement, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), respectively. The results demonstrated that anodized growth process, surface morphology, thickness, phase structure and corrosion resistance of the anodized film were strongly dependant on the BTA concentration, which might be attributed to the formation of an BTA adsorption layer on magnesium substrate surface. When the BTA concentration was 5 g/L in the electrolyte, a compact and thick anodized film could provide excellent corrosion resistance for AZ31B magnesium alloy.     

铁质文物脱盐过程中的钼酸盐缓蚀作用

采用动电位极化法、电化学阻抗法研究了铁质文物模拟试样在碱性溶液脱盐清洗过程中,钼酸盐缓蚀剂对其电化学行为的影响。通过X射线光电子能谱技术分析了脱盐清洗后试样表面锈层的组成。结果表明,在碱性脱盐溶液中添加钼酸盐缓蚀剂,能减小试样阳极腐蚀电流,增大电极反应阻力,更有效地抑制试样在脱盐过程中的腐蚀。XPS分析结果说明脱盐溶液中添加钼酸盐后,改变了锈层的组成,生成含有Fe2O3、FeMoO4和MoO3的稳定沉积膜,提高了锈层的耐蚀性能,使文物基体在脱盐清洗过程中得到良好的保护。     

Effects of bovine serum albumin on the corrosion behaviour of AISI 316L, Co–28Cr–6Mo, and Ti–6Al–4V alloys in phosphate buffered saline solutions

The corrosion behaviour of AISI 316L, wrought Co–28Cr–6Mo and Ti–6Al–4V was studied in aerated solutions of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at various concentrations of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at 37 °C. Open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) experiments along with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on Co–28Cr–6Mo oxide layer were conducted to study the interaction of BSA and passive layers and to measure the corrosion rates. Ti–6Al–4V alloy had the lowest corrosion rate and the highest breakdown potential. It was shown that BSA has enhanced the alloy passive film stability at higher concentrations.