高强度铸造Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金时效特性的研究

研究了354合金的时效强化行为。试验结果表明，随着时效温度的升高，时效硬化速率增如而时效硬化能力降低。同时发现，在一定温度以上时效，其硬化曲线上出现了两个硬化峰，并且第一个峰值大于第二个峰值。透射电镜试验分析证实，时效硬化的“双峰”现象与时效析出相约析出序列有关，第一个硬化峰主要是由GP区(主要为GPⅡ区)的强化引起的，而第二个时效硬化峰则主要是由亚稳相θ'(Al2Cu)和β'(Mg2Si)的强化效果造成的，同时孕育期较长的S’(Al2CuMg)相的析出也可能是引起第二个峰值的一个重要原因。     

Al-Si-(Cu,Mg)合金时效析出相分析

测定了Al-7Si-0.3Mg和Al-4.5Cu合金的时效硬化曲线,结合DSC分析、TEM分析和金相组织分析,研究了两种合金的时效析出过程.结果表明:两种合金的时效硬化曲线均出现了“双峰”现象,第二个峰稍大于第一个峰.两种合金首先发生过饱和固溶体向GP区转化,然后发生GP区向θ(Al2Cu)转化或者是GP区向β(Mg2Si)转化的过程.Al-7Si-0.3Mg合金在时效4h后的析出相是Mg2Si,Al-4.5Cu合金时效析出相是Al2Cu相.     

双级时效对1973铝合金组织和性能的影响

采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SADP)和硬度测试等手段研究1973高强高韧铝合金在不同温度下的单级时效析出及硬化行为。结果表明:1973铝合金在120和140℃有很强的抗过时效能力,峰时效过后,硬度在长时间内基本保持在195 HV附近。1973铝合金的析出序列为:α过饱和固溶体(SSS)→GPⅠ区/GPⅡ区→η'亚稳相→η平衡相→T相。在140℃单级时效过程中,GPⅡ区和η'相一直都存在于时效合金中,对合金起着最大的强化作用。     

7003铝合金时效双峰的组织与性能研究

采用洛氏硬度计(HRB)、透射电镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)以及电子拉伸试验机等技术,对7003铝合金的时效行为、力学性能、显微组织、抗应力腐蚀性能等进行了系统的研究。结果表明,7003铝合金时效后的硬度、强度都出现时效双峰的现象,合金两个时效峰的硬度和强度差不多;但在393 K的长期时效制度下,时效第二峰时合金的强度、硬度、塑性、韧性、抗应力腐蚀性能都较第一时效峰的高;对应第一个峰值,合金的主要强化相是GP区;对应第二峰值,其主要强化相为η′(MgZn2)相。这两种相都能阻碍位错运动,对合金起到很好的强化作用。     

7003铝合金双级双时效峰的显微组织与性能

采用洛氏硬度计、透射电镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)以及电子拉伸试验机等技术,研究了7003铝合金的双级时效行为、力学性能以及显微组织.结果表明,7003铝合金双级时效处理后的硬度、强度均存在双峰,且合金的两个时效峰的硬度和强度相差不多.对应第一个峰时效,合金的主要强化相是GP区;对应第二个峰时效,其主要强化相为η′(MgZn2)相.     

Zn/Mg比对Al-Zn-Mg合金时效析出惯序的影响

采用硬度测试研究了Al6.2Zn2.3Mg和Al5.0Zn3.0Mg合金470℃固溶2 h,再经120℃时效后的时效硬化行为。计算了Al6.2Zn2.3Mg和Al5.0Zn3.0Mg合金基体的价电子结构,研究了固溶及时效初期基体中原子团簇形成的微观机制,进而分析了Zn/Mg比对Al-Zn-Mg合金时效析出惯序的影响。研究表明:Al6.2Zn2.3Mg合金时效硬化行为表现出双峰特征的原因在于时效初期优先形成的a-Al-Zn-Mg固溶体只为η析出序列起始相GP区的形成提供了条件;而Al5.0Zn3.0Mg合金时效硬化行为不具有双峰特征的原因在于时效初期形成的a-Al-Zn-Mg和a-Al-Mg-Zn-Mg-Al 2种固溶体分别为η和T析出序列起始相GP区的形成提供了条件,因而合金时效时同时启动了时效进程、强化相析出及转变时间和强化作用不同的2个析出序列。     

7050铝合金双级双峰时效强化机理（英文）

系统地研究了7050铝合金双级双峰时效微观组织对强度和硬度的影响。结果表明,7050铝合金的双级时效出现了双峰现象,第2峰的硬度和强度均略高于第1峰。高分辨透镜(HRTEM)观察表明,第2峰值的硬度和强度的增加是由于一定数量的η'相数量的增加引起的。此外,η'相和GP区的共同作用优于GP区单独的效果。     

二元Al-Li合金的沉淀反应SCIEI

本文通过对两种成分的二元Al-Li合金的硬度测量,DSC分析和TEM观察,研究了其沉淀过程。实验结果表明,在恒定时间时效,合金硬度与温度的关系曲线上在低温范围内有一峰值出现;在DSC曲线低温处有明显的回溶吸热峰,因此该合金低温时效有预沉淀(富Li GP区)形成。在较高温度时效,GP区不复存在;随着δ′相颗粒长大,合金硬度很快增加;DSC曲线上有两个δ′相回溶峰,它意味着δ′析出需有两次结构调整。平衡δ相借助晶界直接从过饱和固溶体中形核长大,其热稳定性较好。     

7050铝合金双级双峰时效强化机理

本文系统地研究了7050铝合金双级双峰时效微观组织对强度和硬度的影响。 结果表明，7050铝合金的双级时效出现了双峰现象。 第二峰的硬度和强度均略高于第一峰。 透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察表明，第二峰值的硬度和强度的增加是由于一定数量的n相数量的增加引起的。 此外，n相和GP区的共同作用优于GP区单独的效果。     

温度及溶质浓度对Mullite短纤维增强的Al—Cu复合材料及其基体合金时效行为的影响

用挤压铸造方法制备Mullite／Al—Cu复合材料及其基体合金。用硬度测试(HB)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和透射电镜(TEM)等手段，研究了温度和溶质原子浓度对复合材料及其基体合金时效行为的影响。结果表明：复合材料和基体合金具有相似的时效硬化曲线及相同的时效析出序列，随时效温度的升高，峰值硬度降低、析出过程加快；溶质浓度升高，峰值硬度升高、析出过程同样得到加快；纤维除了能明显提高Al—Cu合金的时效硬度外，还能加速其时效析出过程，但对GP区的形成具有明显的抑制作用，而对θ相的析出影响不大。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.