1500 MPa级贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢的疲劳断裂特性

对一种C—Si—Mn—Cr合金钢，通过900℃奥氏体化20min，空冷及280与370℃回火2h，获得抗拉强度为1500MPa的新型无碳化物贝氏体／马氏体(B／M)复相组织高强钢．采用C—T试样进行疲劳实验，测定了疲劳裂纹扩展速率(da／dN)及疲劳门槛值(△Kth)，利用扫描电镜观测了疲劳裂纹在疲劳循环过程中的扩展路径，分析断口形貌与显微组织间的关系．结果表明，这种无碳化物B／M复相高强钢具有较高的△Kth值，并且能明显地降低da／dN，其原因在于B／M复相组织高强钢独特的精细组织结构及疲劳裂纹尖端的闭合抗力的提高．     

残余奥氏体对20Mn2SiVB钢的疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

研究了残余奥氏体对20Mn2SiVB钢疲劳裂纹扩展的影响。结果表明，在贝氏体铁素体中有残余奥氏体膜的存在．残余奥氏体膜可起到提高断裂韧性的作用；在应力强度因子较高的范围内，疲劳裂纹扩展速率受钢的断裂韧性影响．断裂韧性高，裂纹扩展速率低。     

残余奥氏体对20Mn2SiVB钢的疲劳裂纹扩展的影响

研究了残余奥氏体对20Mn2SiVB钢疲劳裂纹扩展的影响。结果表明,在贝氏体铁索体中有残余奥氏体膜的存在,残余奥氏体膜可起到提高断裂韧性的作用;在应力强度因子较高的范围内,疲劳裂纹扩展速率受钢的断裂韧性影响,断裂韧性高,裂纹扩展速率低。     

载荷对测定4340钢在海水中条件门槛值△K_(th)的影响

采用四点弯曲腐蚀疲劳试验测定4340钢在人造海水中的△Kth,研究加载条件对测定△Kth的影响,并对门槛值附近裂纹扩展的形态进行观察。用降载法测得的△Kth值比升载法所测值低;门槛值附近裂纹扩展主要受机械应力控制,裂纹扩展形态以穿晶解理为主;阴极保护电位使条件门槛值△Kth稍有提高。在升载情况下,起始载荷越大,△Kth随之越高。合理选择初始临界应力强度因子范围是较精确地测得△Kth值的关键。     

Q-P-T处理贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢疲劳断裂特性研究

对20Mn2SiCrNiMo贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢进行淬火-配分-回火(Q-P-T)工艺处理,并采用紧凑拉伸试样进行疲劳实验.结果表明,Q-P-T工艺参数对贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢的疲劳断裂特性具有显著影响,经过合理的Q-P-T工艺处理的贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢具有较高的疲劳门槛值(ΔKth=13.2MPa·m1/2)及较低的裂纹扩展速率.显微组织及裂纹扩展路径观察显示,Q-P-T处理的贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢的显微组织包括贝氏体、马氏体和残余奥氏体薄膜,其中“柳叶状”贝氏体及纳米级残余奥氏体薄膜可以阻碍裂纹扩展,迫使裂纹转折、分叉或“间断”,这是贝氏体/马氏体复相高强钢疲劳断裂性能改善的主要因素.     

高碳Cr—Mo—W钢M／B复相组织疲劳行为研究

用紧凑拉伸试样测定了65Cr5Mo3W2VSiTi(LM2)钢不同贝氏体量和不同回火温度的M/B复相组织的疲劳裂纹扩展速率,根据试验数据估算了各工艺的疲劳门槛值。结果表明,LM2钢M/B复相组织的疲劳裂纹扩展属非连续扩展机制,疲劳裂纹微观扩展速率的计算值和宏观扩展速率的实测值相近     

热处理对25Cr2NiMo1V钢疲劳特性的影响

对商用25Cr2NiMo1V钢进行了955℃淬火+665℃回火的高压端热处理(HP)和900℃淬火+625℃回火的低压端热处理(LP).通过疲劳实验测定了HP与LP试样疲劳门槛值和疲劳裂纹扩展速率.结果表明,在门槛值区,HP试样门槛值高于LP试样,而其裂纹扩展速率却低于LP试样,HP试样抵抗疲劳裂纹扩展能力高于LP试样.材料抗疲劳裂纹扩展能力的不同是由裂纹的闭合引起的,表面粗糙度诱发裂纹闭合为主要因素.HP试样中回火贝氏体的紧密分布,原始奥氏体晶粒较大以及LP试样中回火马氏体抵抗裂纹扩展能力相对较弱使HP试样中粗糙度诱发裂纹的闭合程度大于LP试样.在Paris区,HP与LP试样的扩展速率相近,裂纹扩展速率对材料微观组织和应力比的影响不敏感.     

2124铝合金TL取向疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值

用降载法测得了2124铝合金TL取向应力比R=0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7下的疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值,用线性拟合法得到da/dN=C1△Kn1中的C1和n1值,将其带入裂纹扩展速率da/dN-△K表达式中,并按标规定取疲劳裂纹扩展速率(da/dN)=10-7 mm/cycle时的△K值为疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值△Kth,分析了应力比对裂纹扩展门槛值的影响.     

2Cr13钢的疲劳裂纹萌生与扩展行为

通过对2Cr13钢进行疲劳裂纹萌生与扩展速率试验,获得该钢在两种不同调质处理下的疲劳裂纹萌生寿命Ni的回归方程、疲劳裂纹萌生门槛值以及裂纹扩展速率da/dN表达式。结果表明,与970℃淬火+710℃回火×6h工艺相比,2Cr13钢在970℃淬火+640℃回火×5h处理后的缺口疲劳裂纹萌生抗力有所改善;当应力强度因子较低时,在640℃×5h回火时的2Cr13钢的疲劳裂纹扩展抗力稍好一些;当应力强度因子较高时则反之。     

低碳马氏体及马氏体/贝氏体复合组织的疲劳断裂特性SCIEI

用20CrMnMo钢油淬和360℃等温淬火,得到低碳马氏体(LCM)及马氏体-贝氏体复合组织(LCM/B).用四点弯曲加载法进行疲劳试验,测定其裂纹扩展速率da/dN和门槛值△K_(th);并通过显微分析,观测裂纹扩展路径,断口形貌与组织的关系。结果表明,通过短时等温处理引入20％下贝氏体,形成LCM/B复合组织,可大幅度提高门槛值△K_(th),并显著降低裂纹扩展速率.门槛值的提高主要来源于闭合力的提高.文中着重从裂纹扩展路径的变化来探讨组织对da/dN和△K_(th)的作用机理。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.