Ti50Al和Ti45Al8Nb合金高温初期氧化行为

利用SEM、XPS和AES研究了Ti50Al和Ti45Al8Nb(原子分数,%)合金在900 ℃空气中的初期氧化行为.结果表明:Nb的加入显著提高了合金的抗氧化性.氧化90 min后,Ti50Al合金表面为粗大的富TiO2颗粒,冷却过程中部分表层氧化膜脱落,脱落后内层为多孔、疏松的Ti和Al的混合氧化物(可能有氮化物);Ti45Al8Nb合金表面生成很薄的氧化膜,其外层为细小富Al2O3颗粒,Nb只存在于内层(富TiO2层)和混合层,在外层Al2O3内没有发现,Nb5 取代TiO2中的Ti4 ,降低氧空位浓度从而减慢氧的向内扩散,抑制TiO2的生成,同时促进了外层纯Al2O3层的形成,该层阻碍氧以及合金元素的进一步扩散.     

Mn和V对TiAl合金热腐蚀的影响

Mn和V对TiAl金属间化合物在900℃(Na，K)2SO4熔盐中热腐蚀行为的影响有所不同．TiAl合金中加入Mn后，最外层的腐蚀产物为以Al2O3为主、另有少量TiO2的混合物；内层是Al，Ti和Mn的混合氧化物以及Ti的硫化物．加Mn在一定程度上减弱了TiAl合金的耐蚀性TiAl和TiAl-Mn合金中加入V后耐蚀性明显变差，最外层腐蚀产物以TiO2为主，并含有少量Al2O3和微量的V2O5，腐蚀层中的V2O5引起Al2O3的酸性溶解，因而不能形成保护性的Al2O3层，形成的TiO2和Al2O3混合膜的黏附性差，较易剥落。     

TC4合金特高温下的氧化行为研究

通过Gleeble-1500热模拟机研究了特高温下TC4合金的氧化行为。结果表明，1300℃以上的氧化随着氧化温度的升高和保温时间的延长，氧化增重持续增加，并远远大于1150℃时的氧化增重：氧化产物中的V2O5具有挥发性，在合金的外表层无法形成保护性的Al2O3氧化膜，次外层中TiO2氧化膜和Al2O3氧化膜在低于1150℃温度时有一定的抗氧化作用，在1300℃以上形成的氧化膜以疏松的TiO2为主。     

铸造镍基高温合金K447的高温氧化行为

用静态增重法测定了铸造镍基高温合金K447在700℃～950℃空气中的恒温氧化行为，其氧化动力学符合抛物线规律.在900℃以下为完全抗氧化级，在900℃～950℃为抗氧化级.X射线衍射、扫描电镜和能谱分析表明，K447氧化膜分为3层：外层是疏松的Cr2O3和TiO2的混合物，并含有少量的NiO及NiCr2O4尖晶石；中间层是Cr2O3；内氧化物层是Al2O3，并含有少量TiN.     

Nb对TiNiAl合金高温氧化行为的影响

对Ti50Ni44Al6和Ti50Ni41Al6Nb3合金在1073K循环氧化行为的测试表明，Nb的加入显著改善合金的高温抗氧化性能．Ti50Ni44Al6合金在1073K经过100h循环氧化后形成外层以TiO2为主并含有少量Al2NiO4、内层为TiNiO3的氧化层，合金的氧化动力学服从线性规律；Ti50Ni41Al6Nb3合金生成以TiO2为主的氧化膜，在外氧化层下面形成了一层富Nb和Al的复合氧化物，显著阻碍氧以及合金元素的扩散，降低了合金的氧化速率，合金高温氧化动力学遵从抛物线规律．     

Ti14钛合金半固态氧化和变形行为研究

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机研究了Ti14阻燃钛合金在990℃以上半固态条件下的氧化和变形行为，利用金相显微镜观察变形前后及氧化的微观组织形貌，采用X射线衍射(XRD)仪分析氧化层的组成，利用线扫描分析氧化层中元素分布。结果表明，半固态氧化温度升高，氧化增重急剧增加，表面氧化层中只存在Ti的氧化物，不存在Cu的氧化物，表面形成5层氧化层结构，熔融的晶界是氧向基体内扩散的优先通道；Ti14合金半固态变形中，晶界、晶内的Ti2Cu相熔融长大，形成宽化的晶界和网格状结构。     

高度稳定化β型阻燃钛合金Ti40的氧化和氧化层剥落机理

对高度稳定化β型阻燃钛合金Ti40的氧化机理和氧化层剥落机理进行研究表明：合金氧化增重随温度升高明显增加,至1050℃反而降低;600℃的氧化膜主要为TiO2和V2O5,高于700℃氧化,因V2O5的挥发,氧化膜主要为TiO2,随温度升高,氧化物晶粒粗化,氧化膜疏松多孔,与基体黏附性降低,不低于900℃时开裂和剥落,不低于800℃氧化,氧化层疏松还存在SiO化合物,温度升高,SiO数量增多,由圆形球变为星形,至1050℃随氧化层剥落而消失;剥落后的基体氧化层仍为疏松状,有不连续分布的Cr2O3膜存在,同时还分析了Ti40合金不抗氧化的原因及氧化机理,提出了氧化机理模型。在分析氧化膜内应力产生及内应力释放机制基础上,提出了Ti40合金氧化层开裂、剥落机理。     

Ti40合金在500~1000℃的恒温氧化行为

研究了Ti40合金在500~1000℃范围内的恒温氧化行为。氧化增重实验及XRD、SEM、EDS的分析结果表明,Ti40合金的氧化机制可以V的氧化物V2O5的熔点为分界,在700℃以下氧化时,氧化层平整且致密,表面主要由V2O5和TiO2组成,氧化的主要过程为混合氧化膜中的V2O5向外择优生长,氧化机制受V元素在V2O5中的扩散机制控制。在700℃以上氧化时,V2O5的熔化挥发,导致氧化层疏松多孔,氧化层主要由TiO2和SiO2构成,在氧化层和基体的界面处,存在V、Cr元素的富集层,此条件下,合金的氧化受V元素在β钛合金中的扩散机制控制。     

Fe-30Mn-9Al奥氏体钢高温循环氧化特征

研究了Fe-30Mn-9Al奥氏体钢在700℃、800℃和950℃空气中循环氧化160 h表面形成的氧化膜形貌、成分和组织结构.Fe-30Mn-9Al奥氏体钢在700℃和800℃氧化时,初期增重较快,随着循环次数增加,氧化增重减小,氧化160 h分别增重1.00和4.08 mg/cm2.氧化层主要由Mn2O3,Al2O3和(Mn,Fe)2O3等相组成.在950 ℃,钢的氧化增重显著上升,160 h增重43.50 mg/cm2,表面形成了Fe2O3、MnO2以及MnAl2O4、Al2Fe2O6等复合氧化物.800℃下循环氧化后形成了多层氧化物膜 ,外层以Mn2O3型氧化物为主,内层以Al2O3为主;钢基体表面为 富Fe、贫Mn的铁素体层.      

CeO2对Ti-Al渗层组织和抗高温氧化性能的影响

采用浆料包渗法,以TiO2粉为渗Ti源,纯Al粉为还原剂,NH4Cl作为活化剂,Al2O3为惰性添加剂,蛋白质(鸡蛋清)为粘结剂,在Cu表面预先镀Ni随后表面浆料包渗Ti-Al,制备Ti-Al共渗层。研究CeO2氧化物对Ti-Al渗层的组织和氧化性能影响。结果表明:渗剂中添加CeO2氧化物后,渗层组织由Ni-Ti金属间化合物为主转变为Ni-Al金属间化合物为主,包渗过程由渗Ti为主转变为渗Al为主;Ti-Al渗层氧化增重由纯铜的1/10降低到1/28,氧化产物为TiO2、Al2O3和少量的NiO,氧化层致密,没有明显的裂纹和空洞出现,改善了抗高温氧化性能。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.