AZ91D镁合金在半固态等温热处理中的组织演变

研究了未变质处理和变质处理的AZ91D镁合金在半固态等温热处理过程中的组织演变,并对其组织演变机理进行了探讨。结果表明：AZ91D镁合金在液－固相区570℃等温处理时,未变质处理的δ相由粗大的树枝晶演变为大块状,随后δ相发生熔化分离,并在半固态等温过程中演变为球状,产生相最小尺寸可达50－80μm;变质处理的初生δ相由等轴晶演变为小块状,随后进一步熔化分离为更细小的斑块,接着逐渐演变为球状组织,初生相最小尺寸可达20－60μm。等温处理时间过长时,两种组织都会发生合并长大。     

等温热处理对AZ91D半固态挤压铸造成形的影响

研究了等温热处理温度和保温时间等工艺对AZ91D镁合金半固态挤压成形的影响.结果表明半固态等温热处理可以将普通金属型铸造的AZ91D镁合金锭中的枝晶组织转变为球形晶粒组织,并能进行半固态挤压成形.AZ91D镁合金半固态挤压成形所需的最佳工艺条件是加热温度570 ℃左右,保温时间25～35 min,或加热温度580 ℃左右,保温时间10～20 min.     

添加SiC对不同尺寸AZ91D镁合金坯料半固态组织的影响

AZ91D镁合金经重熔加入0.3%(质量分数)SiC细化后浇注成不同尺寸(直径)的锭料。研究SiC对不同尺寸AZ91D镁合金坯料半固态等温热处理组织的影响。结果表明:未经SiC细化处理AZ91D镁合金的半固态组织存在明显的尺寸效应,从心部到边缘,固相颗粒尺寸由大逐渐变小,如d70mm试样内的固相颗粒尺寸从心部的150μm变为边缘的110μm,并趋于圆整,液相逐渐增多;随着坯料尺寸的增加,由心部到边缘的组织差异进一步加大。SiC细化的AZ91D镁合金坯料经半固态等温热处理后,其组织中的固相颗粒尺寸整体变得细小,d70mm试样内的固相颗粒均不大于80μm,边缘和心部的固相颗粒尺寸变得很相近,在70μm与80μm之间,球化圆整且分布均匀;经SiC处理的半固态压铸件中,气孔等缺陷明显减少。     

AZ91D镁合金半固态挤压铸造的研究

研究了AZ91D镁合金在不同半固态温度下的挤压铸造。结果表明：半固态等温热处理可以将金属型铸造的AZ91D镁合金锭中的枝晶组织转变为球形晶粒组织,并能进行半固态挤压成形。AZ91D镁合金半固态挤压成形所需的最佳工艺条件是加热温度570℃左右,保温时问25～35min,或加热温度580℃左右,保温时问10～20min。     

等温热处理工艺对AZ91D镁合金半固态组织演变和成形性的影响

研究了等温热处理温度和保温时间等工艺参数对AZ91D镁合金半固态组织演变和成形性的影响。结果表明 ,半固态等温热处理可以将普通金属型铸造的AZ91D镁合金锭中的枝晶组织转变为球形晶粒组织 ,其演变过程为 :在升温过程中晶界处部分γ相先发生溶解 ,随着温度的升高 ,剩余的γ相开始熔化 ,继而δ相也发生熔化 ,并在等温处理中逐渐演变为球状 ;保温温度越高 ,半固态重熔和δ相演变过程越快 ,保温温度过高或保温时间过长 ,试样易发生变形 ,同时 ,球状晶粒也容易趋于长大。AZ91D镁合金半固态成形所需的最佳工艺条件为加热温度 5 70℃左右 ,保温时间 2 5～ 35min ;或加热温度 5 80℃左右 ,保温时间 15～ 2 0min。     

Sr对AZ91D镁合金半固态等温热处理后的组织的影响

通过对等温热处理温度和时间等工艺参数的控制，研究了变质剂Sr对AZ91D镁合金半固态等温热处理后组织的影响。结果表明，随着等温时间的延长，未变质处理的合金组织将由树枝晶变成近球状组织，而经Sr变质处理的合金组织将由树枝晶变成细小的球状组织，都将逐渐合并长大。等温热处理过程中，树枝晶经历了熔断、粒状化、球化和粗化。     

半固态等温热处理AZ91D镁合金的显微组织及压缩变形行为

研究了AZ91D镁合金半固态等温热处理后的组织及其压缩变形行为。结果表明,AZ91D镁合金经570℃×60min半固态等温热处理后,枝晶组织特征已不明显。此外,AZ91D镁合金经570℃×60min半固态等温热处理后,半固态压缩应力在压缩应变近似为0.025时达到最大值,然后随着压缩应变的增加而逐渐减小,最后几乎保持不变;进一步,其半固态压缩变形应力还随着变形温度降低或变形速率增加而增加。     

Al—Ti—B对AZ91D镁合金半固态等温热处理组织的影响

通过对等温热处理温度和保温时间等工艺参数的控制,研究变质剂Al-Ti-B对AZ91D镁合金半固态等温热处理组织的影响.结果表明:随着等温时间的延长,未变质处理的镁合金组织将由树枝晶变成近球状组织,变质处理的镁合金组织将由树枝晶变成细小的球状组织,都将逐渐的合并长大.保温温度越高,半固态重熔和a相演变过程越快,粗化长大后,晶粒间的合并现象越严重;保温温度过高或保温时间过长,试样易发生变形,同时,球状晶粒也容易趋于长大.但经过Al-Ti-B变质处理,其组织越细,越易获得良好的非枝晶组织,需要热处理的时间越短或温度越低.     

Mg-20Al-0.75Sb镁合金在半固态等温热处理过程中的组织演变

Mg-20Al-0.75Sb镁合金是针对半固态等温热处理而开发的一种半固态合金。本文研究了合金固相率为40%时,保温时间对半固态浆料组织的影响,并分析了Mg-20Al-0.75Sb镁合金中Al、Sb对半固态浆料组织的影响。实验结果表明该合金40%时的最佳等温热处理工艺参数为:485℃保温60～105min,此时获得的半固态浆料组织细小、均匀,平均尺寸为59μm,且持续时间可达45min。     

基于消失模铸造的AZ91镁合金组织改性研究

研究了机械振动处理技术对AZ91合金在消失模铸造条件下的组织形貌的影响,以及该铸态组织在半固态等温热处理过程中的组织演变,并探讨了振动细化机理和组织演变机理。结果表明:机械振动能显著地细化AZ91合金的铸态组织;在液固相区570℃等温处理时,其铸态组织都能由枝晶转变为球状晶组织,而且振动处理可获得更加细小并且均匀的球状组织。等温处理时间过长时,两种组织都会发生合并长大。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis