钛钼镍合金在石化工业中的应用

分析了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ二元单体锯齿流变的应力幅度与被钉扎位错的时效时间、应变量和温度的关系。结果表明：其应力幅度的变化趋势符合动态应变时效的理论模型，并且与位错时效程度的饱和、δ＇粒子被切割和锯齿流变（ＰＬＣ）带的运动有关。     

Al—Li单晶体中锯齿流变行为的影响因素

Ａｌ－Ｌｉ晶体体中锯齿流变的产生与δ粒子被切割的过程有关。锯齿产生的临界应变温度应变速率和时效状态而变化。时效状态和加载的晶体位向对锯齿的平均经历时间和应力幅度有影响。     

Al—Li单晶体锯齿流变的产生机制

不同时效状态下Ａｌ－Ｌｉ单晶体应变速率敏感性的变化不同。单个锯齿的应力幅度随应变的增加不规则变化,和锯齿的经历时间无关;锯齿的应力幅度和经历时间在峰值时效状态主要分布在较小值的范围内。这些变化可以用切割δ’粒子产生锯齿流变解释。     

6013合金拉伸性能与锯齿流变行为

测定了6013合金的室温拉伸性能;通过拉伸实验着重研究了6013合金于180℃4h时效后在50℃,80℃,120℃,160℃下拉伸锯齿特性,拉伸温度对6013合金的锯齿幅度、锯齿周期、临界伸长率等影响;并就6013合金的锯齿流变特性与机制进行了初步的研究。研究结果表明:在50℃~160℃温度范围,6013合金的在拉伸过程中有明显的锯齿流变现象产生;随着拉伸温度的升高,锯齿应力幅度降低,临界伸长率略有增加,而锯齿周期明显降低;分析表明:在不同的温度下拉伸,晶体内溶质原子的扩散速度不同,将影响到锯齿的类型和有关的锯齿幅度、锯齿周期、临界伸长率等参数。Mg原子与位错的交互作用应该是形成锯齿流变的主要原因。论文根据Schwarz-Funk公式估计了6013合金中Mg原子的扩散激活能约为:1.94kJ/mol。     

时效对LC9铝合金锯齿流变的影响SCIEI

研究了LC9铝合金经退火、淬火,及不同条件时效处理后的锯齿流变行为开始出现锯齿的临界应变ε_c随着时效加深而后移,从而测得过程的激活能为0.63eV,与空位在Al中的扩散激活能吻合。时效试样与退火试样不同,应变率ε增大,ε_c反而减小;而退火试样的ε_c则随ε而增大。说明退火试样的锯齿流变是形变空位控制的,而时效试样则是淬火空位控制的。若时效时间加长,锯齿由较为整齐的脱钉型变为明显衰减的钉扎型。锯齿密度也因时效而稍许减小。用位错与溶质原子及GP区的作用对以上现象进行了解释。     

时效对LC9铝合金锯齿流变的影响

研究了LC9铝合金经退火、淬火,及不同条件时效处理后的锯齿流变行为开始出现锯齿的临界应变ε_c随着时效加深而后移,从而测得过程的激活能为0.63eV,与空位在Al中的扩散激活能吻合。时效试样与退火试样不同,应变率ε增大,ε_c反而减小;而退火试样的ε_c则随ε而增大。说明退火试样的锯齿流变是形变空位控制的,而时效试样则是淬火空位控制的。若时效时间加长,锯齿由较为整齐的脱钉型变为明显衰减的钉扎型。锯齿密度也因时效而稍许减小。用位错与溶质原子及GP区的作用对以上现象进行了解释。     

Al－Li单晶体锯齿流变的形态特征

研究了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ单晶体在不同温度和应变速率范围内产生的锯齿流变及其形态特征．开始产生锯齿流变的临界应变随着温度的升高（或应变速率的降低）先减小再增加．锯齿频率和应力变化幅度受温度和应变速率的影响，但不随应变单调变化．锯齿的类型与其产生的本质以及频率和应力幅度的变化没有明确的对应关系     

不同热处理状态Al-Mg-Si合金的热压缩力学行为及微观组织

利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对不同热处理状态的Al-Mg-Si合金进行了高温压缩试验,研究了变形温度为100~400 ℃和应变速率为0.01 s^-1条件下固溶态和时效态合金的热压缩流变行为。结果表明:合金在压缩变形过程中主要经历了应变硬化和稳态变形两个阶段。流变应力随变形温度的升高而下降,同一变形温度下,时效态合金的流变应力高于固溶态合金的流变应力,随着变形温度的升高,两种状态合金的流变应力差值越来越小。在热变形过程中,合金内部产生了大量的位错组织,时效态合金中由于有弥散分布的析出相钉扎位错,其位错分布更均匀,因而变形抗力更大,随着变形温度升高,位错密度下降,合金在高温条件下软化的主要机制为动态回复。     

钛在F—22先进战术战斗机上的应用

在Ａｌ－Ｌｉ二元单晶体的锯齿流变中，锯齿类型决定于加载的应变速率，与锯齿产生的临界应变随温度和应变速率的变化没有对应关系；锯齿序列中的应力幅度随时效时间的变化较大。     

基于γ′相尺寸的新型Ni-Cr-Co基合金高温变形行为研究

本文在600 ℃、5×10_^-4 s_^-1条件下对不同γ′相尺寸的毫米级粗晶新型Ni-Cr-Co基合金进行高温拉伸实验,并结合OM,SEM和TEM研究γ′相尺寸对合金高温变形行为和锯齿流变效应的影响。结果表明,γ′相尺寸对合金力学性能影响显著,随着γ′相尺寸的增加,材料强度呈先提高后降低的趋势,合金的主要变形机制由位错切过γ′相转变为位错绕过γ′相;当γ′相尺寸持续增加时,位错运动受阻难以绕过γ′相,溶质原子钉扎可动位错,当应力增大至一定程度时位错脱钉,反复的钉扎与脱钉即动态应变时效导致合金在变形过程中出现锯齿流变效应。可通过调控γ′相尺寸弱化,当γ′相平均尺寸为57.18 nm时,锯齿流变效应微弱,临界应变最大,力学性能较高,因此γ′相最佳尺寸为57.18 nm。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.