MB15镁合金板材的超塑性能研究

对轧制态MB15镁合金进行了超塑性能研究 ,在最佳变形温度 340℃ ,应变速率ε· =5 5 6× 10 - 4s- 1时 ,获得应变速率敏感指数m值为 0 5 1,延伸率δ为 4 15 % ,此时流动应力σ仅为11MPa。并分析了在最佳变形温度下应变速率对材料超塑性能及晶粒尺寸的影响     

轧制温度对AZ31镁合金板材组织和性能的影响

以多向锻造AZ31镁合金为板坯进行高应变速率轧制成形,研究轧制温度对板材组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明：镁合金高应变速率轧制成形前期,孪生作用增强,形成大量的■拉伸孪生和■二次孪生;变形后期,由于孪生诱发动态再结晶的作用,合金晶粒组织明显细化。在压下量为80%的高应变速率轧制下,轧制温度为250～400℃时,轧制板材组织均发生了完全再结晶,平均晶粒尺寸随着轧制温度的升高从6.97μm增加至8.13μm,但由于轧制板坯的初始晶粒尺寸较小,晶粒尺寸随着轧制温度的升高变化较小;轧制板材的抗拉强度和伸长率均高于315 MPa和25%,表明高应变速率轧制工艺可以在较宽的温度区间内制备力学性能稳定的镁合金板材。     

工业用镁合金板材的超塑性能

对供应态工业用MB8镁合金进行了正交超塑性拉伸试验,结果表明晶粒度约为6．8μm的MB8镁合金板料,在变形温度为400℃、初始应变速率为0．22～5．56×10－6s-1的变形条件下,最大延伸率为312％,流动应力不大于20MPa。     

Ti-15-3钛合金应变速率循环超塑性研究

应变速率循环法是一种新式的超塑性实验方法，即试样在拉伸变形过程中，应变速率的大小按预定规律连续β循环变化，直至试样拉断，从而获得材料超塑性力学性能参数。采用这种方法研究Ti-15V．3Cr-3Sn-3Al（简称Ti-15-3）合金的超塑性。实验用原材料选自区轧制的板材，未经细化处理，晶粒平均尺寸为100μm。结果表明，该合金具有良好的超塑性，在应变速率范围3．2×10^-4～3．2×10^-5／s内，最佳变形温度为900℃，伸长率为621％。超塑性变形的机制是晶界滑动为主，晶内变形和位错蠕变起协调作用。     

Er、Zr微合金化5083铝合金的超塑性

针对5E83合金(Er、Zr微合金化5083合金),采用超塑性拉伸试验、扫描电镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)和透射电镜(TEM),探究了Er、Zr微合金元素、晶粒尺寸、变形温度、应变速率对合金超塑性的影响。通过再结晶退火、空冷和水冷的搅拌摩擦加工(FSP),分别获得了晶粒尺寸为7.4、5.2、3.4μm的完全再结晶组织,作为初始状态进行超塑性拉伸。结果表明,初始晶粒尺寸越细小,超塑性伸长率越高。当晶粒尺寸>5μm时,超塑性变形过程晶粒粗化缓慢,细化初始晶粒可显著提高超塑性;而当晶粒尺寸<5μm时,超塑性变形过程晶粒粗化严重,进一步细化初始晶粒对超塑性的提高有限。不同变形温度、应变速率的超塑性拉伸结果显示在变形温度为450～540℃、应变速率为1.67×10^-4～1.67×10^-1 s^-1,超塑性伸长率随变形温度和应变速率的提高呈现先上升后下降再上升的趋势;变形温度为520℃、应变速率为1.67×10^-3 s^-1条件下,水冷FSP态合金获得最大伸长率330%...     

铸态AZ31镁合金的超塑性性能及流变应力

通过连铸AZ31镁合金的单向拉伸实验,研究了该合金的超塑性变形性能及不同拉伸变形条件下的流变应力。结果表明,在温度为300℃~450℃,应变速率.ε为4.25×10-4s-1的情况下,连铸ZA31镁合金表现出超塑性。在温度为400℃,应变速率.ε为4.25×10-4s-1时,延伸率增加了200%,具有较好的超塑性性能。用光学显微镜观察变形前后拉伸试样的微观组织发现:试样的初始晶粒尺寸约为15μm,在变形之后颈缩区域的晶粒长大现象不是很明显,晶粒沿着变形方向有所伸长,但晶粒形状基本保持为等轴状。     

搅拌摩擦加工AZ31镁合金的超塑性

对搅拌摩擦加工AZ31镁合金的微观组织和拉伸力学行为进行了研究。结果表明,通过搅拌摩擦加工,热轧AZ31板材的平均晶粒尺寸由92.0μm细化到11.4μm。搅拌摩擦加工板材在高温下具有优异的塑性,伸长率在温度为723K和应变速率为5×10-4s-1的条件下达到1050%。该材料还具有高应变速率超塑性,在723K和1×10-2s-1的条件下伸长率达到268%。在相同实验条件下,母材由于晶粒尺寸粗大,没有显示出超塑性。     

Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金热轧板材的粗晶超塑性行为与微结构

对初始晶粒度为66μm的轧制板材在不同温度和不同变形速率下进行超塑性拉伸实验,研究Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金粗晶热轧板材的超塑性行为与微结构特征。在温度为435℃、应变速率为5×10-4s-1的变形条件下获得的最大伸长率为380%,应变速率敏感系数为0.56。合金的表观变形激活能高于镁的晶界扩散激活能或晶格扩散激活能;合金的超塑性变形机制为晶格扩散控制的位错协调晶界滑动机制。微结构分析结果表明:第二相钉轧晶界,较软的不规则块状的β相承受了部分塑性变形。     

镁合金塑性加工技术的研究进展

镁合金由于优异的综合性能而广泛应用于航天航空、汽车和3C等领域，但是镁合金常温下塑性较差限制其发展。在综述变形温度、晶粒尺寸和应变速率对镁合金塑性变形能力影响的基础上，详细介绍了镁合金轧制成形、挤压成形、锻造成形、超塑性成形及铸轧成形的最新研究成果，并指出镁合金塑性加工技术的发展方向。     

LZ91镁锂合金板材的超塑性气胀成形研究

本文利用热拉伸实验、气胀成形实验、金相分析和扫描电镜观察,研究LZ91镁锂合金板材的超塑性、气胀成形性能及其组织结构。结果表明:在热拉伸变形温度为573 K、应变速率为0.001 s-1时,其伸长率可达343.7 %,应变速率敏感指数为0.697,轧制态的LZ91合金板材表现出优良的超塑性;在胀形温度573 K,胀形气压0.06 MPa条件下,板材成形高度为51.14 mm,高径比达1.279,说明该镁锂合金板材具有良好的超塑性成形潜力;在热拉伸变形和超塑性气胀成形过程中,均有动态再结晶现象产生,可有效提高该合金的塑性成形能力;在拉伸断口和胀形件破裂处断口均存在典型的超塑性空洞形貌特征,说明两者的主要变形机制均为晶界滑移,且合金超塑性失效的主要原因是空洞的长大和连接。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis