两种不同初始组织BT25y钛合金的温度敏感性对比北大核心CSCD

基于热模拟压缩试验研究了初始片层组织/初始等轴组织BT25y钛合金的温度敏感性。结果表明:变形温度对两种不同初始组织BT25y钛合金的流动应力均具有显著影响,两相区低温变形时初始片层组织BT25y钛合金的流动应力明显大于初始等轴组织,初始片层组织主要的软化机制为动态球化,初始等轴组织发生α相的动态再结晶,两种不同初始组织在β单相区变形时均发生β相的动态再结晶。温度敏感性分析显示:初始片层组织BT25y钛合金的温度敏感性指数s随变形温度和应变速率的升高而减弱,在低温(850~880℃)、低应变速率(0.001~0.01 s^(-1))变形时表现出最大的温度敏感性;初始等轴组织BT25y钛合金的s值随变形温度的升高整体上呈减小趋势,随应变速率的变化情况则受控于变形温度。     

锻造工艺对TA5钛合金组织和性能的影响

着重研究了TA5钛合金锻造工艺对组织与性能的影响。采用二次真空熔炼熔铸的α/α＋β转变温度为990-1000℃的TA5钛合金,在β相区开坯,经多火次中间锻造后,对其最后一火次的锻造,改变锻造温度和变形量共8种工艺方案进行实验,考察锻造温度和变形率对组织和性能的影响。结果表明：①最后一火次在970℃（α相区）锻造变形,得到的组织为等轴α组织,在1020℃（β相区）变形得到的组织以粗大的片状α组织为主;②锻造变形率对TA5钛合金的拉伸性能影响不明显;③锻造温度对冲击韧性aK影响较大,成品锻造在β相区变形的aK值均高于α相区的水平。     

冷轧变形量对传感器用固溶态BT22钛合金板组织及拉伸性能的影响

为了提高传感器基板用BT22钛合金板的力学性能,先通过850℃+0.5 h固溶处理,然后通过冷轧的方式对其进行加强。通过实验测试手段研究冷轧变形量对固溶态BT22钛合金板的组织及拉伸性能的影响。研究结果表明:综合运用高冷轧变形量与较低再结晶温度有助于BT22钛合金板发生再结晶时形成更多细小尺寸的晶粒。轧制后BT22钛合金板的强度比轧制之前的强度有了较大的提升,强度至少提高200 MPa。随着冷轧变形量的增加,合金强度不断增加,但增加幅度减小。冷轧后合金的伸长率虽有所下降,但依然可以保持在10%以上。冷轧变形后合金的最高屈服强度在冷轧变形量为80%时取得,此时合金的屈服强度为1012 MPa,抗拉强度为1042 MPa,伸长率为10%。     

锻造温度对BT25钛合金组织和性能的影响

BT25钛合金制航空发动机压气机盘因直径大、形状复杂,要采用等温锻造。研究了锻造温度对BT25钛合金组织与性能的影响。试验结果表明,等温锻造温度不同,合金的组织和性能也不同。与在α＋β两相区锻造和在（α＋β）→β相变点以上30℃锻造的相比,在（α＋β）→β相变点以下10～15℃的温度锻造,具有等轴α相、条状α相和β相的合金综合性能最佳。     

损伤容限型钛合金的等温锻造温度研究

研究了TC21钛合金在5.5×10-4s-1恒应变速率、40%变形程度条件下,等温锻造温度变化对锻件组织和性能的影响。结果表明:TC21钛合金显微组织对温度变化敏感,在两相区锻造时,显微组织由初生α相和β转变组织组成,并且随着变形温度的提高,初生等轴α相的含量逐渐减少,晶粒尺寸增大;在相变点温度锻造时得到网篮组织;在相变点以上温度锻造时得到片状组织。室温拉伸强度和断裂韧性随锻造温度的升高呈现增加趋势,室温拉伸塑性明显降低。在965℃等温锻造时,显微组织为较细的片状组织,强度、塑性和断裂韧性达到较佳匹配,获得较好的综合力学性能。965℃为较佳等温锻造温度。     

准β锻造工艺对TC18钛合金组织与性能的影响

研究了准β锻造工艺对TC18钛合金显微组织和性能的影响。结果表明:在α+β两相区较小变形时,其显微组织和仅在β单相区变形时组织形貌相近,为典型的网篮组织;在α+β两相区较大变形时,晶界破碎程度增大,片状α相向等轴状α相转变;随两相区变形量由0~50%变化时,其抗拉强度先升高再降低,在变形量为20%~30%时抗拉强度较高,塑性则呈小幅上升趋势。TC18钛合金跨相区锻造时,为获得编织均匀的网篮组织,且又保证原始β晶界充分破碎,从而获得较优的强度、塑性和冲击韧性的匹配,在β单相区即Tβ+20℃温度下的热加工变形中变形量应大于35%,而在α+β两相区即Tβ-30℃温度下的热加工变形中变形量应控制在30%以内。     

基于热模锻造的FGH96粉末冶金高温合金晶粒细化工艺

FGH96是我国第2代粉末冶金高温合金,采用常规锻造工艺进行开坯和成形极为困难,为了探索合理的细晶盘坯制备方法,在900℃的热模温度下,以不同应变速率、变形温度和变形量进行热模锻造实验,研究FGH96粉末冶金高温合金组织的变化规律。结果表明:当以低于γ′相固溶温度锻造时,随着变形温度的升高,显微组织更加均匀,当变形温度超过γ′相固溶温度时,晶粒有长大倾向;合金晶粒度随着变形量的增加而细化,低变形量时组织不均匀,变形量超过30%时能获得较好的细化组织;在1050～1130℃变形温度范围、以大于30%的较大变形量锻造时,晶粒度可以提高3个级别以上;采用大变形镦锻、反复镦拔可获得12级左右的再结晶组织,拉伸强度明显提高,断口特征为沿晶和穿晶混合断裂。     

航空用BT25钛合金环材的工艺探索

具有优良断裂韧度和较低疲劳裂纹扩展速率的BT25钛合金多用于航空发动机关键零件的制造。文章通过研究两种BT25钛合金φ450/φ350 mm×60 mm环材成型工艺,分析讨论了两种工艺对生产的环材纵剖面低倍组织,端面、内壁、外壁高倍显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在环材制坯工艺一致的情况下,最后成型时采用相变温度以下10~30℃,变形量25%~35%的锻造工艺,可生产出性能满足俄罗斯Ty系列标准要求的BT25钛合金环材。     

TA5钛合金内部空洞缺陷的分析研究

首先,在25MN快锻机上将TA5钛合金铸锭在β区开坯锻造为250 mm的方坯。然后,分别采用三种不同工艺锻造成?55 mm的棒材。在棒材上切取试样,试样经过800℃×90 min/AC热处理。通过金相显微镜观察了金相组织,扫描电镜进行了微区分析。着重分析了TA5钛合金内部空洞缺陷产生的原因及预防措施。结果表明:TA5钛合金变形温度低、变形量大是产生空洞缺陷的主要原因;弥散分布的硼化钛颗粒在TA5钛合金内部形成硬质点,当变形温度低、变形量大时,会在其周围形成微裂纹,进一步变形时也会在其周围形成空洞;TA5钛合金在锻造过程中应采用较高的加热温度和合适的变形量并严格控制终锻温度,这有利于避免在其内部产生空洞缺陷而造成材料报废。     

BT25钛合金热变形过程临界损伤模型

采用Gleeble-3500型热模拟试验机对BT25钛合金在变形温度为950～1 010℃、应变速率为0.01～1s~(-1)、高度压下率为60%的条件下进行热压缩试验,结合标准Cockcroft-Latham理论,计算其临界损伤值。同时考虑变形温度和应变速率对最大损伤值的影响,引入Zener-Hollomon参数,建立了临界损伤模型。通过分析损伤敏感率曲线,以损伤敏感率为0.03作为裂纹产生的时机,并将该时刻的损伤值作为临界损伤因子。结果发现,BT25钛合金的临界损伤因子随变形温度和应变速率的改变而改变,变化范围为0.18～0.27。同时临界损伤因子对应变速率更为敏感,在恒定变形温度下,应变速率升高,其损伤因子减小。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.