高频感应钎焊金刚石界面特征

讨论了在相同高频感应钎焊工艺条件下用两种不同成分的NiCr钎料钎焊镀Ti金刚石和无镀层金刚石的界面特征。利用扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射研究了深腐蚀处理后的钎焊金刚石颗粒。结果表明,钎料成分不同、金刚石镀Ti与否,金刚石表面生成的碳化物成分和形态各异。钎焊镀Ti金刚石表面的碳化物致密且呈法向生长,而钎焊无镀层金刚石表面的碳化物疏松且切向生长。钎焊金刚石颗粒的研磨试验证实,界面碳化物成分和形态的不同决定了它们同金刚石结合强度的高低。     

钎焊镀钛金刚石钻头的研制及其钻进性能分析

分别使用Ni-Cr和Cu-Sn-Ti等2种合金钎料真空钎焊制作镀钛和无镀层金刚石钻头,通过钻进玻化砖试验,研究了4类钻头的钻进性能。试验结果表明:Ni-Cr钎料钎焊制作的镀钛金刚石钻头与无镀层金刚石钻头比较,钻头平均寿命下降了41.7%;Cu-Sn-Ti钎料钎焊制作的镀钛与无镀层金刚石钻头比较,钻头平均寿命相当,但镀钛金刚石钻头的钻孔效率更高,并对其机理进行了分析。      

微粉金刚石表面镀钛对钎焊磨具性能的影响

在微粉金刚石磨具的制备过程中,金刚石热损伤和磨粒与结合剂间界面特性是影响磨具性能的主要因素。利用电铸与钎焊相结合的工艺把表面镀钛和未镀钛两种微粉金刚石磨料制备成磨具,并将其用于氧化铝陶瓷的磨削试验。通过对钎焊后金刚石磨粒与钎料的界面分析,磨削力、磨粒脱落率以及工件表面粗糙度的比较,探讨磨粒表面镀钛对钎焊微粉金刚石磨具性能的影响。结果表明,镀钛微粉金刚石表面镀层在钎焊过程中对微粉金刚石起到包裹隔离的作用,可以降低微粉金刚石的热损伤和石墨化;在利用两种钎焊微粉金刚石磨具磨削氧化铝陶瓷时,镀钛微粉金刚石磨具的磨削力较小,磨料的脱落率也较少,且工件表面粗糙度值更低。综合比较,磨粒表面镀钛后,可以减弱微粉金刚石的热损伤,提高磨具的磨削性能。     

Ni-Cr合金钎焊镀钛金刚石的研究

本文利用真空炉中钎焊的方法,采用Ni-Cr合金钎料,适当控制钎焊温度,保温时间和冷却速度,实现了镀钛金刚石与钢基体的高强度连接.并用深腐蚀处理钎焊后的试样,使金刚石脱离基体,用扫描电镜,X-射线能谱,对金刚石表面的碳化物进行了分析,剖析了Ni-Cr合金与镀钛金刚石的接口微区结构.结果表明:在钎焊过程中,钎料在金刚石表面形成富铬层并与金刚石表面的C元素反应生成Cr7C,和Cr3C2,其中Cr7C3呈笋状生长,Cr3C2呈片状生长,而Ti却并没有在表面形成碳化物.这主要是因为Ti元素与Ni的结合力大于Ti与C的结合力,因此,实现Ni-Cr合金与镀钛金刚石高强度冶金结合的,是活性钎料中的Cr元素.     

金刚石表面镀钛及其在胎体中结合状态的研究

采用真空蒸发-扩散镀的方法在金刚石表面镀钛,研究了镀覆温度和保温时间对金刚石表面形貌、镀层厚度、镀层物相的影响规律,分析了镀钛金刚石的抗氧化性能,研究了镀钛金刚石及其在铁基胎体中的结合状态。结果表明:在低温下（680℃）镀覆时,金刚石表面开始出现TiC;随镀覆温度升高或保温时间延长,镀层逐渐致密并增厚,在720℃镀覆时出现Ti沉积,在820℃镀覆时由于应力原因产生裂纹并导致镀层的破坏;镀层可隔绝金刚石与氧的直接接触,大幅度延缓氧对金刚石的侵蚀作用;镀钛后金刚石在胎体中可实现牢固的冶金键合。      

镍基钎料真空钎焊镀钨金刚石的研究

为减轻镍基钎料真空钎焊金刚石接头的热损伤与残余应力，采用镀钨金刚石磨粒代替常规金刚石磨粒并将其钎焊到1045钢基体上，对钎焊镀钨金刚石接头的连接性能、热损伤程度及残余应力进行深入研究与分析。结果表明：镍基钎料对镀钨金刚石磨粒展现出良好的润湿性，与钎焊常规金刚石接头相比，钎焊镀钨金刚石接头在结合界面处的裂纹数量及尺寸明显减小。常规金刚石表面生成了致密有序的板条状Cr₃C₂层，而镀钨金刚石表面则形成了向钎料中生长的无序粒状Cr₃C₂层。在镀层的隔离保护作用下，钎焊后的镀钨金刚石磨粒表面的石墨化程度更低，力学性能更优异。同时，镀钨金刚石表面更薄、形貌更合理的Cr₃C₂层有效地缓解了镀钨金刚石接头内部的残余应力，其最大残余压应力相较于常规金刚石的降低9.43%。     

镀钛金刚石与结合剂间的结合状态

利用抗弯强度试验及扫描电镜分析,研究了磁控溅射镀钛金刚石在Ｃｏ基,Ｆｅ基、Ｎｉ基及Ｃｕ基结合剂中的界面结合状态。结果发现,在７００℃￣８４０℃热压条件下,钛镀层难以跟金刚石形成强的界面结合;在抗弯试验中,钛镀层大多沿金刚石表面剥离;镀钛对含金刚石试样的抗弯强度的影响在不同的结合剂中显著不同。     

复合镀钛—镍金刚石的钎焊工艺

本论文对复合镀钛－镍金刚石的可焊性及钎焊工艺进行了系统的研究。根据大量实验,得出了最佳的工艺曲线,以及不同温度下加热时间与可焊性的关系。利用体视显微镜和扫描电镜观察了钎焊试样的表面形貌和金刚石与基体之间的界面结合情况,结果表明,所选择的银基钎料最高钎焊温度是900℃,最低钎焊温度是650℃,且有温度越高钎焊时间越短的对应关系,钎焊后金刚石与基体之间的界面结合强度大于140MPa。     

Ni-Cr合金钎焊镀W金刚石的微观结构分析

在1 030 ℃、保温20 min的真空条件下,空烧镀W金刚石及用Ni-Cr合金粉末钎焊镀W金刚石。用X射线衍射仪分析镀W金刚石空烧前后镀层物相的变化,用扫描电镜和能谱仪综合分析金刚石界面微观结构、新生物相和形貌以及元素分布特征。结果表明:镀W金刚石的镀层物相由空烧前的W₂C和单质W转变为空烧后的大量WC和少量W₂C,且镀层未脱落。镀W金刚石钎焊后,其镀层和钎料中有少量的NiW相生成,在镀W金刚石/Ni-Cr合金界面处有柱状Cr₇C₃生成,在钢基体/Ni-Cr合金界面处有铬基金属间化合物生成。      

镀层厚度对镀钛金刚石/铝复合材料热导率的影响

通过在金刚石表面镀钛来改善金刚石和铝基体之间的弱界面结合,并用气压浸渗法制备体积分数为60%的镀钛金刚石/铝复合材料。研究镀钛后金刚石颗粒的物相组成、不同镀层厚度和不同颗粒尺寸下复合材料的热导率;用H-J和DEM模型预测复合材料的热导率,并将预测结果与实验值进行对比。结果表明,镀钛后金刚石颗粒的物相由金刚石、碳化钛和钛三相组成;随着镀层厚度的增加,界面传热系数减小,复合材料的热导率减小;颗粒的尺寸越小,这种变化趋势越明显;相对于H-J模型,DEM模型更能准确地预测镀钛金刚石增强的复合材料的热导率;通过计算得出镀钛金刚石/铝复合材料的临界镀层厚度为1.5μm,当超过此临界镀层厚度时,镀层反而不利于复合材料热导率的提高。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.