氧对Zr-Cu-Ni-Al-Ti块体非晶合金热稳定性的影响

以结晶Zr棒及海绵Zr为原材料、利用浇包型坩埚电弧炉倾斜铸造法制备了不同氧杂质含量的Zr_(52．5)Cu_(17．9)Ni_(14．6)Al_(10)Ti_5块体非晶合金楔形试样,研究了氧对合金玻璃形成能力及热稳定性的影响,结果表明：氧杂质虽然降低合金以最大非晶形成厚度t_(max)为表征的玻璃形成能力,却提高合金以过冷液相区温度范围△T_(x1)为表征的热稳定性,氧杂质具有提高合金开始晶化表观激活能E_(ax1)的趋势。     

Ti-Cu基非晶合金玻璃形成能力与力学性能

基于"二元共晶混合"法设计Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr合金成分,通过水冷铜模铸造法制备出不同直径Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr合金棒。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、万能材料试验机和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr合金玻璃形成能力和力学性能。结果表明,Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr合金具有较高玻璃形成能力,其临界直径可达4 mm;Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr合金玻璃形成能力近似相等,而表征玻璃形成能力的热力学参数过冷液相区ΔTx,参数γ,约化玻璃转变温度Trg也近似相等。Ti_(32.3)Cu_(47.6)Ni_(7.9)Zr_(12.2)和Ti_(31.6)Cu_(48.2)Ni_(7.7)Zr_(12.5)大块非晶合金分别具有0.7%和0.2%的塑性,而Ti_(30)Cu_(49.5)Ni_(7.2)Zr_(13.3)和Ti_(28.55)Cu_(50.7)Ni_(6.75)Zr_(14)大块非晶合金断裂机制近似为脆性断裂。Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr大块非晶合金塑性越大,其剪切带数量越多且扩展深度越大,反之亦然。另外,对于塑性材料,锯齿流变振幅越大,对应样品表面剪切带扩展深度越明显;锯齿流变振幅越小,对应样品表面剪切带扩展深度越浅;近似脆性材料的锯齿流变对应次剪切带萌生,而对于完全脆性大块非晶合金,在应力-应变曲线上并未发现锯齿流变现象,相应的在样品外表面也并未发现次剪切带。     

变质处理对铸造ZL205合金组织演变及力学性能的影响

研究了Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5非晶合金孕育剂对铸造ZL205合金显微组织、纳米级析出相和力学性能的影响规律,揭示了非晶合金孕育剂对ZL205合金的晶粒细化和力学性能提高的作用机理。结果表明:随着保温时间的延长,Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5含量分别为0.1%、0.2%和0.5%的变质ZL205合金的平均晶粒尺寸呈现先减小而后增加的趋势,在保温时间为45 s时取得晶粒尺寸最小值,且0.2%Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5变质处理ZL205合金在保温45 s时的细化效果最好;Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5变质处理不会使ZL205合金中形成新的物相;0.2%Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5变质处理可以使得ZL205合金中纳米级θ'析出相的数量增多、尺寸变小且分布更加均匀;不同含量Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5变质处理ZL205合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率都要高于未变质ZL205合金;0.2%Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5变质处理ZL205合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率在保温时间为45 s时取得最大值;Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5变质处理ZL205合金的强化机制主要为细晶强化和第二相强化。     

四元Cu-Ti-Ni-Zr合金玻璃形成能力与力学性能

采用"二元共晶混合"法设计富Cu基Cu-Ti-Ni-Zr合金成分,通过水冷铜模铸造法制备出不同直径Cu-Ti-Ni-Zr合金棒材。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、万能试验机和扫描电镜(SEM)研究合金的玻璃形成能力和力学性能。结果表明,Cu_(49.64)Ti_(35.08)Ni_(7.69)Zr_(7.6)合金具有较高玻璃形成能力,其临界直径可达4 mm;而表征玻璃形成能力的热力学参数过冷液相区ΔTx和参数γ值最小,分别为26 K和0.385;另外,约化玻璃转变温度Trg值却与临界直径小于3 mm的Cu_(51.1)Ti_(34.1)Ni_(7.2)Zr_(7.6)合金的Trg值相等。通过对合金力学性能进行研究,结果表明,Cu_(49.64)Ti_(35.08)Ni_(7.69)Zr_(7.6)和Cu_(51.1)Ti_(34.1)Ni_(7.2)Zr_(7.6)非晶合金分别具有0.75%和0.28%的塑性,而Cu_(48.18)Ti_(36.06)Ni_(8.16)Zr_(7.6)非晶合金断裂机制近似为脆性断裂。通过锯齿流变应力降分析,发现剪切带稳定扩展应力降大于剪切带萌生或缓慢扩展时应力降,且塑性较好的剪切带萌生应力降约大于近似脆性材料剪切带萌生应力降,而剪切带萌生应力降小于5 MPa。     

Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30非晶钎料熔体与α-Al2O3和ZrO2陶瓷的润湿性

利用改良座滴法研究了Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_5Cu_(30)非晶钎料熔体与多晶α-Al_2O_3和ZrO)_2陶瓷的润湿行为和界面特征.结果表明,Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_5Cu_(30)/α-Al_2O)3体系具有极好的润湿性,在1133-1193K温度范围内平衡接触角均为0.Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_5Cu_(30)/ZrO_2之间的润湿性较差,但在1133-1253 K温度范围内随着时间的延长,润湿性逐渐得到改善.两个体系均存在一定程度的界面反应.润湿动力学和界面显微结构的研究表明液滴合金中的活性元素(如Zr)在界面尤其是三相线前沿的吸附和堆积速度对润湿起了决定性的作用,而界面反应的贡献则相对较小.

Abstract：

The wettability and interfacial characteristics of molten Zr_(55) Al_(10) Ni_5 Cu_(30) metallic glass brazing alloy on polycrystalline α-A1_2O_3 and ZrO_2 substrates were studied using a modified sessile drop method. The results show that the wettability of the Zr_(55) Al_(10) Ni_5 Cu_(30)/α-Al_2O_3 system is excellent with the final contact angles approaching zero degree at 1 133-1 193 K. However, the wettability of the Zr_(55)Al_(10)Ni_5 Cu_(30)/ZrO_2 system is poor, but it can be progressively improved with the elapse of time during the isothermal dwelling in the temperature range of 1 133-1 253 K. A certain extent of interfacial reaction happens in both systems. The investigation on the spreading kinetics and interfacial microstructure indicates that the adsorption of the active atoms such as Zr at the interface, particularly at the triple junctions, plays a key role in determining the wettability, whereas the contribution of the interfacial reaction is relatively minor.     

具有高非晶形成能力的高熵合金Cu_(29)Zr_(32)Ti_(15)Al_5Ni_(19)（英文）

用铜模吸铸法成功地合成了由2个固溶体相构成的高熵合金(HEA)Cu_(29)Zr_(32)Ti_(15)Al_5Ni_(19)和相同成分的非晶态合金(HE-BMG)。实验结果表明该成分的高熵合金具有高的非晶形成能力。铸态高熵合金Cu_(29)Zr_(32)Ti_(15)Al_5Ni_(19)的抗压强度为1127 MPa。该合金表现出良好的抗回火性能,经750°C处理2 h后,该合金硬度保持在8260 MPa。     

载荷对锆基大块非晶合金往复直线滑动摩擦磨损行为影响研究

研究了载荷对Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Ni_5Al_(10)大块非晶合金往复直线滑动摩擦磨损行为的影响。研究表明,随着载荷增加,平均摩擦系数下降,但磨痕宽度增大。磨痕呈平滑直线型犁沟,载荷越大,磨损越严重;载荷较小时,非晶合金呈典型的轻微咬合或咬焊、连续磨损机理,随载荷增大,咬合或咬焊及粘着磨损作用机理增强,呈连续磨损、咬合或咬焊及粘着磨损共同作用机理。     

锆基块体非晶合金剪切带扩展过程的“应变硬化现象”

选择典型的锆基块体非晶合金Vit.105(Zr_(52.5)Cu_(17.9)Ni_(14.6)Al_(10)Ti_5),采用小高径比准静态压缩试验,对合金进行两种不同方式的加载。通过对不同变形模式试样自由体积及维氏硬度的测定,研究了非晶合金的应变诱发体积扩张特性;讨论了剪切带空间增殖的微观机制。结果表明,非晶合金中应变诱发体积扩张过程发生于剪切带外部仅经受弹性应变的区域;剪切带扩展是一个"软化-硬化"的动态过程,这为剪切带的空间增殖创造条件。     

Zr基非晶合金在拉伸条件下流变特征与本构方程

非晶合金的本构方程是其微小元器件成形的基础,由于压缩实验容易实现,因此目前多数研究是以这种方法建立非晶合金本构方程的,而系统地以拉伸实验确立非晶合金的本构方程还未见报道。文中采用铜模铸造法制备了(Zr_(33.2)Ti_(36.1)Ni_(5.8)Be_(24.9))_(91)Cu_9大块非晶合金,分别在不同温度和应变速率下,在非晶合金的过冷液相区对其进行拉伸实验。通过模型和数据分析,建立了非晶合金在拉伸条件下的Maxwell-Pulse本构方程。分析表明,在应变速率为0.5×10~(-3)s~(-1),温度高于622 K,或在622 K,应变速率低于0.5×10~(-3)s~(-1)时,非晶合金具有牛顿流变特征,反之为非牛顿流变。以样品在拉伸时的缩颈规律为基础,通过引入几何修正因子,考虑了缩颈对应力-应变关系的影响,使得Maxwell-Pulse本构方程可以较好的描述(Zr_(33.2)Ti_(36.1)Ni_(5.8)Be_(24.9))_(91)Cu_9非晶合金在过冷液相区的拉伸变形行为。     

加热方式对Zr48Cu36Ag8Al8块体非晶合金晶化机制的影响

采用铜模吸铸法制备了Zr_(48)Cu_(36)Ag_8Al_8块体非晶合金,并利用同步示差扫描量热仪(DSC)对其晶化动力学进行研究。结果表明:通过对不同升温速率下的DSC曲线进行分析,根据Kissinger方程计算获得的Zr_(48)Cu_(36)Ag_8Al_8非晶合金的晶化激活能约为239 k J/mol;而根据经典JMA模型,通过对在过冷液相区内不同温度(703～743 K)的等温DSC曲线进行计算获得的等温晶化激活能为341 k J/mol,造成的差异主要归因于高温区与低温区晶化机制的差异。此外,通过对比晶化产物的组织相貌,还发现不同加热方式组织的生长速率的控制方式不同。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis