热处理工艺对Sm-Co 2:17型磁体性能的影响

采用粉末冶金工艺制备了Sm(Co.Fe,Cu,Zr)z(6.5＜z＜8.5)烧结磁体,通过改变时效处理温度和时效时间等一系列处理方法对同一种成分和烧结工艺的磁体进行回火热处理,并对时效处理的磁体磁性能进行测定,研究发现热处理工艺对磁体的磁性能有较大的影响,剩磁Br在835℃时效处理8h左右达到最高,而矫顽力随着热处理时间和温度的增加是不断增大的.最后对这些影响磁性能的机理进行了讨论.     

脉冲磁场作用下Al-5%Cu合金的时效机理

在Al-5%Cu合金时效处理过程中施加脉冲磁场,观察脉冲磁场对Al-5%Cu合金时效后组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明：在时效过程中施加脉冲磁场,加快了Cu原子的扩散,缩短了时效的时间,降低了时效温度,使基体内部Al2Cu低熔点相的弥散度进一步得到提高,使时效后的合金组织更加细化。     

Sm(Co_(bal)Fe_(0.108)Cu_(0.131)Zr_(0.042))_(7.0)时效过程中的微结构演变与磁性能

采用透射电镜(TEM)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等方法系统研究Sm(Co_(bal)Fe_(0.108)Cu_(0.131)Zr_(0.042))_(7.0)在830℃时效处理10~30 h过程中的微结构演变及磁性能。结果表明:合金时效处理后形成由菱方Sm_2Co_(17)R主相和六方Sm(Co,Cu)_5胞壁相构成的胞状结构、叠加在胞状结构之上的六方富Zr片状结构和少量富Zr的Sm(CoCuFeZr)_x析出相。随830℃时效处理时间由10 h延长到30 h,Sm_2Co_(17)R主相的尺寸由80~110 nm长大到150 nm,富Zr片状相的密度增大,富Zr的Sm(CoCuFeZr)_x析出相的体积分数增多。富Cu的SmCo_5胞壁相和富Zr的Sm(CoCuFeZr)_x析出相通过钉扎畴壁为合金提供高的室温和高温矫顽力。磁性能测试结果表明:剩磁B_r随830℃时效时间的延长而单调增大,内禀矫顽力H_(ci)在830℃处理20 h时达最大值2417.9kA/m,在测试温度为500℃时仍具有高的H_(ci),为693.5 kA/m。     

Sm-Co基整体辐向永磁环的制备及性能

Sm-Co基整体辐向永磁环由于成型困难及烧结时易于变形和开裂等原因，限制了其应用和发展。为此，本文对Sm（Co，Fe，Cu，Zr）：整体辐向永磁环的烧结制备工艺，以及烧结和时效处理对磁体性能、组织结构的影响进行了研究。结果表明：调整合适的烧结工艺，能有效地抑制永磁环缺陷的产生，改善磁体的性能：在1220℃下烧结70min时磁体的性能较好，Br≥1．08T，Hcj≥2200kA／m，（BH）max≥214kJ／m^3；烧结磁体的矫顽力主要与时效工艺有关，时效前磁体主要是2：17型相的过饱和固溶体，在时效过程中析出1：5型相，并逐步形成胞状的显微组织结构，磁体的内禀矫顽力Hcj明显增加，在850℃时效8h，磁体的Hcj可达到2200kA／m以上。如果在850℃时效时间过长，胞状组织会被破坏，磁性能开始恶化。     

固溶时效对挤压态LAZ941-0.5Y合金组织和力学性能的影响北大核心CSCD

通过OM、XRD、DSC、SEM和力学性能测试等手段,研究了挤压态LAZ941-0.5Y合金经不同的固溶时效处理后的组织和力学性能。结果表明:挤压态合金经固溶处理后,MgLi_2Al和AlLi相完全溶入基体,产生显著的固溶强化效果;50℃时效初期,溶质原子扩散缓慢导致析出动力不足,过饱和基体中析出短棒状的MgLi_2A过渡相,随时效时间延长,MgLi_2A相发生形貌转变,由短棒状变成点状;随时效温度的升高,溶质原子扩散速率加快,MgLi_2A相析出速率变快,部分MgLi_2A亚稳相分解为AlLi相,同时有AlLi从基体中析出。合金的峰值时效在50℃时效0.5 h时发生,随温度的升高很快发生过时效,其主要原因是AlLi软化相的出现。     

固溶时效对挤压态LAZ941-0.5Y合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过OM、XRD、DSC、SEM和力学性能测试等手段,研究了挤压态LAZ941-0.5Y合金经不同的固溶时效处理后的组织和力学性能。结果表明:挤压态合金经固溶处理后,MgLi_2Al和AlLi相完全溶入基体,产生显著的固溶强化效果;50℃时效初期,溶质原子扩散缓慢导致析出动力不足,过饱和基体中析出短棒状的MgLi_2A过渡相,随时效时间延长,MgLi_2A相发生形貌转变,由短棒状变成点状;随时效温度的升高,溶质原子扩散速率加快,MgLi_2A相析出速率变快,部分MgLi_2A亚稳相分解为AlLi相,同时有AlLi从基体中析出。合金的峰值时效在50℃时效0.5 h时发生,随温度的升高很快发生过时效,其主要原因是AlLi软化相的出现。     

单级时效对7B04预拉伸厚板组织和性能的影响

研究了7B04合金单级时效处理过程中时效温度和时效时间对合金力学性能和电导率的影响,观察和对比了几种不同时效处理制度下合金的显微组织.结果表明:单级时效处理的温度越高,合金达到峰时效所需的时间越短,材料的峰时效强度和延伸率越低.电导率随时效时间的延长而不断上升;时效温度越高,电导率的增长速率越快.峰时效合金基体内有大量细小的弥散相析出,晶界析出相呈连续分布.当时效温度较低时,过时效合金的显微组织与峰时效没有明显差别;当时效温度较高时,过时效合金内粗大析出相的数量明显增加,晶界析出相呈不连续分布.不同时效温度下的峰时效和过时效合金中均不存在明显的晶间无析出带.     

单级时效对7804预拉伸厚板组织和性能的影响

研究了7804合金单级时效处理过程中时效温度和时效时间对合金力学性能和电导率的影响，观察和对比了几种不同时效处理制度下合金的显微组织。结果表明：单级时效处理的温度越高，合金达到峰时效所需的时间越短，材料的峰时效强度和延伸率越低。电导率随时效时间的延长而不断上升；时效温度越高，电导率的增长速率越快。峰时效合金基体内有大量细小的弥散相析出，晶界析出相呈连续分布。当时效温度较低时，过时效合金的显微组织与峰时效没有明显差别；当时效温度较高时，过时效合金内粗大析出相的数量明显增加，晶界析出相呈不连续分布。不同时效温度下的峰时效和过时效合金中均不存在明显的晶间无析出带。     

淬火速率对7085铝合金时效行为的影响

通过末端淬火实验、硬度测试、透射电子显微镜和差示扫描量热法,研究淬火速率对7085铝合金时效行为的影响。结果表明:在末端淬火过程中,距离淬火端越近,淬火速率越大,时效后的峰值硬度越高。当时效温度较低时,淬火速率越大,则空位扩散激活能越小,时效处理后的硬度达到峰值的时间越短,硬度值越大;随着时效温度的提高,不同淬火速率样品达到峰值的时间不断接近;当时效温度达到160℃时,不同淬火速率样品达到峰值的时间相同,均为10 h。TEM分析结果表明:随着淬火速率降低,淬火过程中析出的平衡相η数量和尺寸也随之增加,时效后析出的强化相η'数量减少,尺寸增加,弥散程度降低。     

TC4时效相变及扩散连接的分子动力学模拟

利用分子动力学方法模拟研究TC4时效相变及扩散连接过程。采用混合势分析了TC4三元合金时效相变过程的径向分布函数以及不同晶体结构相对含量的变化。同时研究了不同保温温度下扩散连接过程的原子浓度分布、扩散连接宽度以及扩散系数。结果表明：在时效相变过程中,TC4结构变化主要表现为亚稳 b 相析出 a 新相,状态稳定后, b 相含量达到23%,与实验结果吻合较好;TC4扩散连接过程中,主要是界面附近的钛原子进行扩散,钒原子扩散能力次之,而铝原子相对较少;相同条件下,扩散连接宽度与保温温度呈现较好线性关系;钛原子扩散系数与保温温度呈指数关系,计算结果与实验相符。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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