阴极离子镀TiAlSiN涂层高温摩擦与磨损性能

采用阴极离子镀在H13钢表面制备了TiAlSiN涂层,通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜分析了涂层表面-界面形貌、物相和三维表面微观形貌。利用EDS面扫描分析了磨痕表面化学元素分布,讨论了高温对涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,TiAlSiN涂层表面主要元素由Ti、Al、Si和N组成,主要物相为(Ti,Al)N,未发现Si3N4相;高温氧化后生成的致密氧化膜Al2O3提高了涂层高温抗氧化性,Si O2降低了涂层表面摩擦因数,结构疏松的Ti O2易导致涂层破裂和剥落;TiAlSiN涂层表面粗糙度高于基体表面粗糙度,磨痕表面Ti和Al元素出现贫集区,表明涂层被磨穿;在700、800和900℃下,涂层表面摩擦因数均在0.3左右,在700℃时磨损机制主要为氧化磨损和粘着磨损,在800℃和900℃时主要为氧化磨损,伴随着少量粘着磨损和磨粒磨损。     

Ti3Al基合金表面两种Cr1-xAlxN(x=0.18,0.47)涂层的热腐蚀性能

利用磁控反应溅射的方法在Ti3Al基合金表面制备了两种不同铝含量的Cr0.82Al0.18N与Cr0.53Al0.47N涂层,测试了这两种涂层在800℃(NR2SO4+25 mass%K2SO4)熔融盐膜百的热腐蚀动力学,并采用X射线衍射仪和带能谱的扫描电镜分析腐蚀产物相组成以及微观结构.结果表明,两种涂层均可降低Ti3Al基合金的热腐蚀速率;涂层热腐蚀产物主要为具有保护性的Cr2O3和θ-Al2O3混合氧化膜,θ-Al2O3的含量随着涂层中Al含量上升递增;和θAl2O3相比,Cr2O3在熔融硫酸盐中的稳定性更好,Cr0.82Al0.18N涂层抗热腐蚀性能优于Cr0.53Al0.47N涂层.     

高速钢钻头电火花沉积 Ti( C, N) /Al2O3 复合涂层的组织及切 削性能

目的在高速钢钻头表面电火花沉积Ti(C,N)/Al2O3复合涂层,以提高其切削性能。方法利用电火花沉积技术,以Ti(C,N)/Al2O3作为电极材料,在高速钢钻头表面制备Ti(C,N)/Al2O3涂层,考察涂层的物相组成、组织形貌及横截面硬度分布,并进行切削试验。结果涂层组织均匀,厚度约32~36μm,物相主要为C0.3N0.7Ti,Al2O3,AlTi3,Fe7W6,Fe4N,TiN和AlN,平均硬度是基体高速钢的2.6倍。结论在高速钢钻头表面制备Ti(C,N)/Al2O3涂层可以提高刀具的切削性能,延长其使用寿命。     

TC4钛合金沉积NiCrAlY涂层的氧化行为

采用电弧离子镀（AIP）技术在TC4（Ti-6Al-4V）钛合金基体表面沉积制备NiCrAIY涂层,测定TC4钛合金和NiCrAIY涂层在700-900℃的氧化动力学曲线。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱（EDS）分析与X射线衍射分析（XRD）研究TC4钛合金和NiCrAIY涂层氧化前后物相组成和组织形貌,讨论氧化过程中元素的扩散行为。结果表明：在700-900℃静态空气中氧化100h,NiCrAIY涂层能明显提高TC4钛合金的抗氧化性能,TC4钛合金氧化后形成A12O3层和TiO2层交替出现的氧化膜层;经700和800℃氧化后,NiCrAIY涂层保持其原始的相组成,但在表面形成Al2O3和Cr2O3混合氧化膜;经900℃氧化后,氧化膜由Al2O3和TiO2组成;经700℃氧化时,主要发生Ti和Ni两种元素的扩散;经800和900℃氧化时,由于Ti及Ni元素的剧烈扩散,界面附近出现Kirkendall疏孔带和约100μm的β相稳定区;经900℃氧化时,Ti扩散到涂层表面形成氧化物导致氧化速率提高,Cr元素开始向基体扩散并在近界面处富集。     

等离子喷涂 NiCoCrAlY / Al2 O3 高温固体润滑耐磨涂层的抗氧化性能研究

目的研究等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3高温固体润滑耐磨涂层在850℃时的高温抗氧化性能和抗氧化机理。方法采用喷雾造粒、化工冶金包覆技术制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合粉体,并采用等离子喷涂技术在45#钢表面制备NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层。采用SEM和XRD研究粉体和涂层的显微结构和物相组成,并采用马弗炉研究复合涂层在850℃的恒温氧化动力学曲线,通过研究氧化96 h以后涂层表面的组织形貌,探讨NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层的抗氧化机理。结果 NiCoCrAlY合金层均匀致密地包覆在Al2O3颗粒的表面,包覆层厚度约为3~5μm。复合粉体的主要组成为Al2O3相和NiCoCrAlY合金相,没有其他杂质相的存在。等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层氧化动力学曲线分为大斜率直线、抛物线和系数几乎为0的抛物线等3个阶段。氧化96 h以后,涂层的氧化质量增量为4.9 mg/cm2左右,表面形成了一层连续的氧化物保护膜,经EDX分析,氧化膜层主要由Al,O,Cr和Ni组成。结论等离子喷涂NiCoCrAlY/Al2O3复合涂层具有良好的高温抗氧化性能,涂层中Ni,Cr,Al的氧化以及硬质相Al2O3的加入是涂层抗氧化的主要原因。     

钛合金表面Ta-W涂层的制备及循环氧化行为

采用电弧离子镀(AIP)在Ti-6.48Al-0.99Mo-0.91Fe(质量分数,%)钛合金表面制备Ta-10W(质量分数,%)涂层。通过扫描电镜(SEM)与能谱(EDS)分析、透射电镜(TEM)分析、电子探针分析(EPMA),X衍射分析(XRD),划痕及纳米压痕试验,研究钛合金基体与Ta-W涂层经900℃大气循环氧化前后的物相组成、组织形貌及性能,讨论涂层/基体的氧化行为。结果表明:沉积态Ta-W涂层连续、均匀、致密,由颗粒细小(≤50 nm)的α-Ta(W)堆积成100~250 nm的等轴晶组成,硬度为14.4~15 GPa,与基体的临界载荷为58.5 N;经900℃大气循环氧化后,钛合金表面形成带裂隙的层状Ti O2、Al2O3疏松混合氧化膜,氧化膜明显脱落;Ta-W涂层能明显提高钛合金的抗循环氧化性能,形成以β-Ta2O5为主的致密氧化膜;随着氧化的进行,氧化膜中Ti O2、Al2O3含量增加并出现Al Ta O4、Al WO4相,氧化膜始终保持完整;氧化过程中,基体中Ti、Al元素及涂层中Ta、W元素互扩散,在界面形成Al Ta2、Al2Ta3、Al3Ti、TixW1-x相,O元素扩散并固溶于基体,在近界面基体处形成厚度逐渐增加的富Ta、W、Al、O、α-Ti固溶体(稳定)区,涂层元素向氧化膜和基体扩散而被消耗为其失效的主要原因。     

Ti基与Cr基氮化物涂层的抗氧化性能

选用TiN,TiAlN,CrN和CrAlN 4种涂层材料,使用电阻炉对试样加热并保温,进行抗氧化性能实验,利用SEM、EDS和XRD获得了氧化结果。结果表明:Ti基涂层的氧化机制以O原子向涂层内部扩散为主;Cr基涂层的抗氧化机制为N原子和Cr离子向涂层表面的扩散所形成的微孔诱发的氧化;Cr基涂层比Ti基涂层具有较好的抗氧化性;Al的加入使得TiAlN与CrAlN涂层的氧化性能和高温后硬度提高,特别是CrAlN氧化后生成的致密Cr2O3和Al2O3混合氧化物使其抗氧化性能达到最优;氧化及涂层与基体的热涨失配使得几类涂层最终开裂失效;四种涂层的抗氧化能力为CrAlN>TiAlN>CrN>TiN。     

Ti6Al4V合金表面激光熔覆NiCrAlSi复合涂层的组织及高温抗氧化性能

为提高Ti6Al4V合金的高温抗氧化性能,以Ni80Cr20-40Al-20Si(质量分数,%)复合合金粉末为原料,采用激光熔覆技术,在Ti6Al4V合金表面制备复合涂层,系统地分析涂层的物相、显微组织结构及高温抗氧化性能。结果表明:复合涂层中没有发现裂纹,仅有少量气孔,且与基体实现良好的冶金结合;Ti_5Si_3/Al_3Ni_2作为增强相均匀分布于基体Al_3Ti/NiTi中;经恒温800℃氧化32 h后,复合涂层的氧化膜主要由Al_2O_3和NiO组成,结构连续致密,氧化动力学曲线近似符合抛物线规律,表现出较好的高温抗氧化性能;而Ti6Al4V合金的氧化膜主要为疏松的TiO_2,表面氧化严重,表现出较差的抗氧化性能。激光熔覆NiCrAlSi复合涂层可望成为有效提高Ti6Al4V合金高温抗氧化性能的途径之一。     

磁控溅射沉积CrAlN涂层抗高温氧化性能研究

采用非平衡磁控溅射技术在M2工具钢表面沉积Cr Al N涂层,利用SEM、EDS、XRD、纳米压痕仪研究了Cr Al N涂层不同温度氧化后的表面和截面形貌、成分、相结构、硬度和弹性模量。结果表明,Cr Al N涂层在高温环境下氧化生成的Al_2O_3和Cr_2O_3致密氧化层可以有效阻止氧进一步向内扩散,涂层在900℃氧化2 h后的氧化层深度仅0.2μm。Cr Al N涂层900℃氧化后仍基本保持氧化前的力学性能。     

添加固体润滑剂WS_2的钛合金激光熔覆高温耐磨复合涂层组织与耐磨性

为提高钛合金的摩擦学性能,采用激光熔覆技术在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面制备了γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C与γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS复合涂层。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和能谱仪分析了涂层的物相和显微组织,在球-盘式高温摩擦磨损试验机上测试了不同温度下(室温、300℃、600℃)复合涂层的摩擦学性能。结果表明:激光熔覆的复合涂层与基体呈冶金结合,γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C复合涂层主要由硬质相Ti C和γ-Ni Cr Al Ti固溶体组成;γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS复合涂层主要是由硬质Ti C和Ti WC2为耐磨增强相、γ-Ni Cr Al Ti为增韧相、Ti2CS和Cr S金属硫化物为自润滑相组成的高温自润滑耐磨复合涂层。γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C和γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS复合涂层的摩擦系数在实验温度下都远低于Ti6Al4V基体;γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS表现出良好的高温自润滑减摩性能。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.