平针搅拌头调修对铝合金焊接接头组织与性能的影响

通过拉伸、弯曲和硬度等试验以及金相显微组织分析,系统研究平针搅拌头不同调修次数下的6082-T6铝合金焊接接头组织与性能。试验结果表明:所有拉伸试件的断裂位置均位于热影响区,抗拉强度满足试验要求;弯曲性能较好;焊接接头有较为明显的软化现象;焊接接头各个区域的显微组织随调修次数的增加均无明显变化。     

热调修对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头组织与力学性能的影响

通过拉伸、弯曲和硬度等试验以及显微组织分析,研究了不同调修温度和不同调修次数对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头组织与性能的影响。结果表明:在低温(240~260℃)下进行1~3次和在中温(280~300℃)下进行1次焊后热调修时接头强度满足要求,所有拉伸试样均在热影响区处断裂;接头均有软化现象产生,且相同调修温度下2次和3次调修时接头软化现象更加严重。调修次数增加时,各区域晶粒变得粗大,析出相数量增加。     

调修次数对铝合金焊接接头力学性能及微观组织的影响

采用火焰对铝合金焊接接头进行调修矫正是轨道车辆制造工厂普遍采用的工艺手段。A5083-H111,A6061-T6,A7075-T651等3种铝合金材料是轨道车辆制造的主要结构材料,不可避免地存在焊接残余应力及残余变形,因此需要大量地进行火焰调修以确保尺寸精度和残余应力的消除。以轨道车辆常用的A5083-H111,A6061-T6,A7075-T651铝合金焊接接头为研究对象,采用温度为200℃火焰对3种铝合金焊接接头进行多次调修,研究不同调修次数对铝合金焊接接头微观组织及力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:不同调修次数对A5083-T111铝合金焊接接头的各项拉伸性能及疲劳性能均无明显影响。不同调修次数对A6061-T6铝合金对接接头拉伸及疲劳性能均有显著的影响。随着调修温度的上升和调修次数的增加,A6061-T6铝合金对接接头拉伸及疲劳性能均呈一定幅度的下降。不同工艺条件下热影响区组织差异较大,热影响区晶粒的长大导致了焊接接头性能的下降。随着调修次数的增加,A7075-T651铝合金对接接头的抗拉强度和屈服强度下降均很明显,但伸长率几乎没任何变化,同时疲劳性能随着调修温度的上升和调修次数的增加而下降。     

隧道型缺陷对6082-T6铝合金FSW焊接接头力学性能和疲劳性能的影响

采用单轴肩搅拌摩擦焊对6082-T6铝合金型材进行焊接,通过拉伸、弯曲、硬度、疲劳试验和金相分析等,对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头的组织、力学性能和疲劳性能进行分析研究。结果表明：0.1 mm隧道型缺陷接头的拉伸性能和弯曲性能优于4.4 mm隧道型缺陷接头的;从硬度测试结果来看,不同隧道尺寸对焊接接头的硬度影响较小,但热影响区均有软化现象;疲劳试验显示,在相同应力水平,4.4 mm的隧道型缺陷接头的疲劳性能较差;依据金相来确定2种隧道型缺陷的尺寸。     

前预热对厚板6082铝合金焊接接头性能的影响

采用不同的预热温度,通过拉伸、弯曲等试验及金相组织分析,对厚板6082铝合金焊接接头的组织和性能注行研究.结果表明:预热温度越低,接头的抗拉强度越高,但均低于母材抗拉强度；预热温度越高,热影响区软化现象越明显；当预热温度达到一定值时,焊接接头产生液化裂纹.     

预热温度对6082铝合金焊接接头的组织和性能影响

选取受电弓结构主要材质之一的6082-T6铝合金为研究对象,采取不同的预热温度对6082-T6进行TIG焊接,并对焊接接头的组织和力学性能进行了对比分析.结果表明:预热温度为100℃时,焊接接头的强度系数为0.61;预热温度越高,接头显微组织的晶粒越粗大,接头强度损失越严重;过高的预热温度使得接头热影响区的软化现象较严重,增大了热影响区的宽度.     

焊丝成分对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

采用ER5356和ER5087焊丝对12 mm厚6082-T6铝合金进行熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG)后,通过显微硬度测试、拉伸力学性能测试、光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)和透射电镜(TEM)等研究焊丝成分对焊接接头力学性能与显微组织的影响。结果表明:采用ER5087焊丝焊接的6082-T6铝合金焊接接头焊缝区晶粒更细小;抗拉强度、屈服强度、断后伸长率以及焊接系数均高于ER5356焊丝焊接的6082-T6铝合金焊接接头的;两种焊丝焊接的6082-T6铝合金焊接接头的硬度最低区域与拉伸断裂位置均在距离焊缝中心10~15 mm处的热影响区,该区域β″强化相聚集长大、粗化,导致析出相强化作用减弱,成为焊接接头性能最薄弱区域。     

6082铝合金MIG焊焊接接头组织与力学性能研究

通过拉伸、弯曲、硬度试验以及金相分析等对6082铝合金MIG焊接头的力学性能与显微组织进行了研究。结果表明:采用5087焊丝焊接6082铝合金时,具有较好的抗拉性能,板厚8和4mm的焊接接头焊态的抗拉强度分别为母材的77.8%和73%;弯曲断裂集中在熔合线处,弯曲角度均较小;6082铝合金MIG焊接头焊缝中心组织为等轴晶,靠熔合线的焊缝晶粒沿散热方向呈柱状晶,熔合区晶粒粗大;软化区出现过时效效应,使Mg2Si长大,成为接头最薄弱的区域。     

焊接热输入对6082铝合金焊接接头组织性能的影响

6082铝合金薄板焊接接头热影响区存在明显的软化现象,拉伸试验时试样的断裂位置多数在热影响区,焊接接头常因抗拉强度不足而导致焊接工艺评定试验失败。通过严格控制焊前工艺准备,采用TIG焊接工艺,研究了不同焊接电流和焊接速度下焊接热输入对6082铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响。发现对于厚度为3 mm的6082铝合金试板,焊接热输入控制在0.291～0.334 kJ/mm时,焊接接头的抗拉强度可满足要求。     

不同焊丝对6082铝合金焊接接头组织性能的影响

采用ER5356和ER5087铝合金焊丝对6082-T6铝合金板材进行焊接,研究了不同焊丝对6082-T6铝合金力学性能和显微组织影响。结果表明,ER5087焊丝焊接的焊缝硬度高于ER5356焊丝的焊缝硬度,这是由于ER5087焊丝中的Zr细化焊缝晶粒的结果。拉伸试验时焊接接头均断裂于热影响区,ER5087焊丝焊接的接头比ER5356焊丝焊接的接头平均屈服强度和抗拉强度高,断后伸长率稍好。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis