国产T23钢焊接冷裂纹敏感性插销试验研究

采用插销试验方法测定了国产T23钢在不预热、预热150℃和预热250℃三种焊接工艺条件下的临界断裂应力,观察了断口形貌及断口附近的显微组织,综合分析了该钢的焊接冷裂纹敏感性.结果表明,不预热条件下T23钢插销的临界断裂应力高于其屈服强度,粗晶区为板条马氏体和下贝氏体混合组织,插销断口为解理和准解理特征,并出现二次裂纹;随着预热温度的升高,插销临界断裂应力增大,粗晶区下贝氏体比例增多,马氏体比例相应减少,插销断口二次裂纹减少,解理面缩小,材料的塑性增加,对裂纹的阻碍作用增强.说明国产T23钢的冷裂纹敏感性很小,预热能明显改善其抗冷裂纹能力.     

国产核级CHE608HR2焊条插销冷裂纹试验研究

采用插销冷裂纹试验方法对比了同属于E9018-G型号的国产核级CHE608HR2焊条与进口1Ni Mo.B焊条在预热100℃和150℃两种温度下的冷裂纹敏感性,并结合断口宏观特征和微观形貌进行分析。结果表明,预热100℃和150℃条件下,采用1Ni Mo.B和CHE608HR2焊条焊接时,插销试样的临界断裂应力基本相当,断口扩展区较大,呈解理、准解理断裂及沿晶断裂等脆性形貌。研发CHE608HR2焊条预热100℃可有效防止焊接冷裂纹的产生,满足工程使用要求,两种焊条抗冷裂纹能力基本相当。     

预热温度对10Cr9Mo1VNbN钢接头组织和性能的影响

通过对不同预热温度下E9015-B9焊条焊接10Cr9Mo1VNbN钢焊接接头的组织和硬度分布进行分析,并通过插销试验测试了10Cr9Mo1VNbN钢焊接接头的冷裂纹倾向。结果表明:室温下HAZ组织为马氏体+残余奥氏体,焊缝区组织为马氏体+铁素体;预热到100℃时,HAZ组织为回火马氏体+少量贝氏体,焊缝区组织为回火马氏体+铁素体+少量贝氏体;预热到150℃时,HAZ为回火马氏体+贝氏体,焊缝区组织为马氏体+铁素体+贝氏体;焊接接头的硬度呈马鞍形变化趋势,HAZ硬度最高,母材区硬度最低;随着预热温度的升高,焊接接头的硬度整体呈现下降趋势;焊接接头的临界断裂应力随预热温度的提高而增大,在室温和100℃下插销试验的临界断裂应力较小,10Cr9Mo1VNbN钢的冷裂纹倾向较大,预热150℃时,焊接接头临界断裂应力明显提高,高达667 MPa。     

预热对30CrMnSiNi2A超高强钢焊接冷裂纹敏感性的影响

冷裂纹是30CrMnSiNi2A超高强钢焊接面临的主要问题之一.采用插销冷裂纹试验研究了预热温度对30CrMnSiNi2A钢的冷裂纹敏感性的影响,并采用扫描电镜对插销试样进行了断口分析.结果表明,当预热温度在20～400℃范围内,焊接接头冷裂纹敏感性随预热温度的提高而显著降低;插试样的冷裂纹扩展区断口为沿晶与解理形貌2种,随着预热温度的升高,沿晶形貌所占比例逐渐减少,解理形貌比例增加.     

X100管线钢焊接冷裂纹敏感性研究

采用插销试验方法和焊接HAZ最高硬度试验方法,研究了X100管线钢焊接HAZ的冷裂纹敏感性。结果表明,X100管线钢在不预热条件下,临界断裂应力σcr为740 MPa,大于0.75Rt 0.5(Rt 0.5为763 MPa);最高硬度为HV10281.2,低于临界硬度HV10350,整个断口为韧窝-部分解理组成的混合断口,即抗冷裂纹性好,对冷裂纹不敏感;当其他条件不变,对X100管线钢进行50℃预热,其临界断裂应力σcr为800 MPa,与不预热相比较,抗冷裂纹性能得到提高,通过预热可以提高冷裂纹的敏感性。     

国产X80钢焊接冷裂敏感性的插销试验

用插销试验法研究了实心焊丝CO2气保焊根焊条件下X80管线钢的冷裂纹敏感性及断口特征.结果表明,预热100℃条件下X80钢的抗冷裂性好,临界断裂应力σcr为624 MPa,与其抗拉强度相当.当拘束拉伸应力高于抗拉强度时,将发生失效断裂,断裂性质为延性断裂断口.CO2气保焊进行根焊焊接时,X80钢的抗冷裂性好,与该方法能得到超低氢的焊接条件有关,此外还与该钢的裂纹敏感系数(0.17%)不高,HAZ淬硬不明显有关.焊接接头过热区的组织主要为块状铁素体,最高硬度297 HV.     

新型转子钢25Cr2Ni4MoV的焊接性及接头性能

根据新型转子25Cr2Ni4MoV成分和合金特点,分别进行HAZ硬度、斜Y坡口裂纹、冷裂纹插销试验等,由试验结果可知,该钢种的冷裂纹敏感性强,焊接时预热温度应大于300℃。对接头常温力学性能和高温短时拉伸测试,结果表明该钢焊后的接头强度接近母材,塑性较好,焊缝的冲击韧性较高,接头微观组织为回火贝氏体和少量铁素体组织,断口由脆性断裂区和纤维断裂区组成,脆性断裂区为沿晶和准解理,随着预热温度的提高,沿晶成分减少,准解理部分增多。     

HG70低合金高强钢的焊接冷裂敏感性及其焊接预热温度的拟定

综合运用碳当量法、焊接冷裂敏感指数法、插销试验和斜Y坡口试验,研究了HG70低合金高强钢的焊接冷裂敏感性.结果表明,10mm厚的HG70钢板具有一定的淬硬倾向,焊前应进行低温预热,以提高其临界断裂应力,降低其冷裂敏感性;预热温度应控制在80～120℃.     

20MnMo钢的插销试验研究

采用焊接冷裂纹插销试验方法，研究了20MnMo钢的焊接冷裂纹敏感性。研究结果表明：采用E6015-D1(J606)焊条，在热输入E=15kJ／cm的情况下，该钢的室温临界应力σcr=180MPa；当预热150℃时，σcr=300MPa。预热可以明显改善20MnMo的焊接性。该项研究对于评价20MnMo钢的焊接性能具有重要的理论意义及工程实际应用价值。     

预热温度对12Cr10Co3W2Mo耐热钢焊接冷裂纹敏感性的影响

采用插销试验进行了12Cr10Co3W2Mo耐热钢在室温以及预热100,200和300℃条件下焊接接头粗晶区临界断裂应力试验研究,测试了热影响区最高硬度,观察了粗晶区微观组织,并对插销试样断口进行了扫描电镜观察.结果表明,随着预热温度升高,临界断裂应力呈线性增加趋势;热影响区最高硬度出现在粗晶区,该区域组织为板条马氏体,随着预热温度升高,粗晶区硬度呈小幅下降趋势;在各预热温度下,插销试样起裂区断口均呈解理+准解理氢致开裂特征,随着预热温度提高,氢致开裂的断口特征逐步消失.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.