弹用红外干扰发烟剂研制

对铜基红外干扰发烟剂的配方及影响配方性能的主要因素进行了实验研究，并对其性能进行了测试。结果表明，该发烟剂不仅对中、远红外光具有优良的干扰能力，而且对可见光、激光也具有良好的遮蔽能力。该发烟剂还具有装填密度大，不导电，耐高、低温性能、相容性和稳定性能良好等特点。     

纳米SiO2对复合碳粉发烟剂性能的影响

试验研究了添加纳米SiO2的复合碳粉发烟剂的分散和干扰性能。结果表明，纳米SiO2可显著改善发烟剂的分散性，而且发烟剂的分散性随纳米材料含量的增加而增加。在发烟剂中添加纳米材料后，延长了烟幕的红外遮蔽时间。     

多频谱发烟组件结构设计与遮蔽性能

为有效对抗多模导引头，通过原位反应和复合配药技术制备一种多频谱干扰剂，同时根据发烟弹的使用预期设计、制造多频谱干扰剂配套的发烟组件。通过烟箱实验分析多频谱干扰剂的红外透过率、毫米波衰减值、可见光透过率，基于朗伯比尔定律计算其在红外、可见光波段的质量消光系数。运用静爆法对发烟组件与多频谱干扰剂的匹配效果进行测试，得到发烟组件的发烟过程、有效烟幕宽度和持续时间。实验结果表明：多频谱干扰剂在1～3μm、3～5μm、8～14μm的红外透过率分别为1.98%、3.04%、8.11%,3 mm、8 mm波的衰减值分别可达-14.52dB和-11.76d B,0.4～0.8μm可见光透过率为6.96%;1～3μm、3～5μm、8～14μm、0.4～0.8μm的质量消光系数分别为1.28m²/g、1.14m²/g、0.82m²/g、0.87m²/g；烟幕持续时间大于60s，有效烟幕宽度大于60m；装填多频谱干扰剂的发烟组件具有良好的遮蔽能力，成烟迅速，形成的烟幕云团稳定，是干扰多模导引头的一种有效方法。     

草酸铵对赤磷发烟剂发烟量的改善

用草酸铵对含氧化剂和不含氧化剂的赤磷发烟剂进行了发烟量改善试验研究。结果表明，草酸铵能显著提高赤磷发烟剂的发烟量，尤其是对不含氧化剂的赤磷发烟剂；当草酸铵的加入量达到最佳值时，其发烟量与黄磷的发烟量几乎接近。     

一种燃烧型抗红外/毫米波双模发烟剂研究

为对抗红外,毫米波双模制导武器系统,研制了一种以可膨胀石墨、富碳化合物作为主要成烟组分的新型发烟剂。介绍了发烟剂配方,并就该药剂在烟箱内产生的烟幕进行了性能测试。结果显示,烟幕对35μm、8一14μm红外辐射的透过率小于15％,对3mm、8mm波衰减值大于10dB,实现了—剂干扰多频谱的发烟剂设计,     

统一表征发烟剂对可见光和红外的遮蔽能力

介绍了发烟剂全遮蔽能力的基本概念，指出透过率不能作为表征发烟剂遮蔽能力的性能参数，建议用全遮蔽能力统一表征发烟剂对可见光和红外的遮蔽能力。     

HC基新型抗红外发烟剂研究

分析了传统HC烟幕对可见光和红外的遮蔽特性，针对HC发烟剂配方的局限性和发烟原理，通过用镁粉代替锌粉，用氧化锰代替氧化锌，添加红磷和富碳有机化合物等途径并结合大量实验确定了系列抗红外发烟剂配方。在中型烟幕试验柜中对该系列配方的发烟剂形成的烟幕的抗红外性能进行了测试评价，给出了具体的评价试验方法和典型烟幕对红外目标进行遮蔽的热成像图。在此基础上优选了两种HC基的新型抗红外发烟剂，给出了相应的红外消光系数测定数据与傅立叶变换红外光谱。与传统的HC烟幕相比，新研究的HC10号和HC06号抗红外发烟剂形成的烟幕在3—5μm和8—14μm波段的红外消光系数分别增大了41．86％和78．46％，使传统HC烟幕的抗红外性能得到显著提高，尤其是在远红外波段效果更为明显。     

纳米Fe3O4的制备及其对发烟剂性能的影响

采用化学共沉淀法制备了纳米Fe3O4粒子,以微米Fe3O4、微米TiO2、纳米TiO2/Fe3O4及纳米Fe3O4为氧化剂配制了不同的发烟剂.采用XRD、DTA、红外透过率测试等方法对纳米Fe3O4及发烟剂的性能进行了表征,研究了发烟剂的燃烧性能和红外消光性能.结果表明,与常规氧化剂相比,纳米Fe3O4作氧化剂的发烟剂放热峰温前移,燃烧热变小,燃速加快,红外消光性能有一定提高.纳米Fe3O4用于发烟剂中氧化剂,有助于提高发烟剂的燃烧性能和红外消光性能.     

赤磷发烟剂/铜粉及其复合烟幕对红外热像仪的干扰性能研究

为了提高赤磷发烟剂对远红外热像仪的干扰效果,选择赤磷发烟剂与铜粉发烟剂复合的方法,采用SC7000远红外热像仪在烟箱中测试了赤磷发烟剂、铜粉发烟剂及其复合烟幕对远红外热像仪的干扰效果。研究表明:将2.73g赤磷发烟剂分别和2.73g、5.46g、8.19g和10.92g的铜粉发烟剂复合,复合烟幕对7.7～9.3μm波段热像仪的透过率从49.6%分别降低到20.1%、13.0%、7.3%、6.0%;复合烟幕对热像仪图像的干扰效果也有很大的提高。     

赤磷对改进型HC发烟剂烟幕性能影响的试验研究

以改进型HC发烟剂为基础配方，试验研究了发烟剂中赤磷的含量对所成烟幕的红外光谱透过率，初始浓度和沉降速度及烟幕粒谱分布的影响。试验结果表明，当烟剂中不含赤磷时，其烟幕在8－14μm波段的红外光谱平均透过率为22．4％，当发烟剂中赤磷含量为10％时，形成的烟幕在8－14μm波段的红外光谱平均透过率降至7．8％。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Expert Systems Aimed at General Design of Projectiles

Expert systems aimed at the general design of projectiles can implement a series of intelligent designs, such as the design of HE shell, the scheme expounded and proved, the emulation analysis and calculation, etc. Aiming at the product design feature, the expert system adopts the object-oriented knowledge representation and all kinds of inference control engines to describe and reason the relevant knowledge regarding the product through the microcomputer. It embodies the foundation of emulation analysis and simulated manufacturing of the shell. It makes use of the method that knowledge expression is combined with condition of inference to carry out the overall design and emulation and reference.The paper gives the ways through which the functions can be achieved, gives the modularization of reference and the design methods of systematization, puts forward the method of knowledge expression and working interface, and supplies a platform for similar products of the shell category that can be quickly designed.     

Parameter Identification for the Valve Control Cylinder System of a Hydraulic Manipulator

In mechanical, hydraulic and electronic systems, the determination of system parameters is often challenging because liquid parameters often change significantly, due to variations in working and environmental conditions. Therefore, it is of significant practical importance to identify those parameters through experimental procedures. A systematic approach to identifying parameters in the valve controlling cylinder system of hydraulic manipulators is provided. It first derives the transfer function of the system, and then uses P control of PID control to predict system parameters. The predicted parameters are further validated using PID control. The prediction through simulation using MatLab language is utilized, which agrees well with experimental results.     

Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of Combustion Field in the Combustion Chamber

In order to study the effect of rotation on the combustion in the underwater vehicle, a two-phase turbulent combustion process is described with Reynolds stress turbulence model, eddy-dissipation turbulent combustion model, P-1 radiation model and particle tracking model of liquid. The flow in the rotating combustion chamber is simulated at two different working speeds, 0 r/min and 1 000 r/min by Fluent software. The temperature, gas velocity, static pressure of wall and fuel concentration are computed and compared. The results show that the combustion in rotating combustor is faster and more effective.     

Software Communication Architecture Implementation and Its Waveform Application

This paper attempts to do a research on the development of software defined radio（SDR） based on software communication architecture（SCA）. Firstly, SCA is studied and a whole reference model of SCA3.0 core framework （CF） is realized; Secondly, an application-specific FM3TR waveform is implemented on the platform of common software based on the reference model; Thirdly, from the point of view of real-time performance and software reuse, tests and validations are made on the above realized CF reference model and FM3TR waveform. As a result, the SCA-compliant SDR has favorable interoperability and software portability and can satisfy the real-time performance requirements which are not too rigorous.     

Dynamic Simulation of the Tank Gun Recoil Response

By using the ATV module of MSC. ADAMS, the dynamic simulation of recoil response of tank gun is analyzed.How the recoil force affects the bodywork and the suspension during gun firing, as well as the changing status of the gun muzzle‘s velocity are gained. All results and analyzing methods are offered for the designing basis of optimizing tank vehicle-gun match. The constructive exploration is beneficial to improving the general capability of tank.     

Survey of Controllable Suspension System for Off-road Vehicles

The controllable suspension system can improve the performances of off-road vehicles both on road and cross-country. So far, four controllable suspensions, that is, body height control, active, semi-active and slow-active suspensions, have been developed. For off-road vehicles, the slow-active suspension and the semi-active suspension which have controllable stiffness, damping and body height are more appropriate to use. For many years, some control methodologies for controllable suspension systems have been developed along with the development of modern control theory, and two or more original control methods are integrated as a new control method. Today, for military or civilian off-road vehicles, the R&D of controllable suspension systems is ongoing.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.     

Super-resolution Restoration of Remote-sensing Images

A novel image restoration scheme, which is super-resolution image restoration algorithm Poisson-maximum-afterword-probability based on Markvo constraint （MPMAP） combined with evaluating image detail parameter D, has been proposed. The advantage of super-resolution algorithm MPMAP incorporated with parameter D lies in the fact that superresolution algorithm MPMAP model is discrete, which is in accordance with remote-sensing imaging model, and the algorithm MPMAP is proved applicable to linear and non-linear imaging models with a unique solution when noise is not severe. According to simulation experiments for practical images, super-resolution algorithm MPMAP can retain image details better than most of traditional restoration methods; at the same time, the proposed parameter D can help to identify real point spread function （PSF） value of degradation process. Processing result of practical remote-sensing images by MPMAP combined with parameter D are given, it illustrates that MPMAP restoration scheme combined PSF estimation has a better restoration result than that of Photoshop processing, based on the same original images. It is proved that the proposed scheme is helpful to offset the lack of resolution of the original remote-sensing images and has its extensive application foreground.     

Design and Simulation of TF and TA Controller for Missile

A nonlinear terrain following(TF) and terrain avoidance(TA) controller is proposed for missile control systems. Based on classical TF algorithm (adaptive angle method), a new method for TF controller is proposed by using angle of attack. A method of obtaining terrain outline data from digital elevation map (DEM) for TF control is discussed in order to save store space. A TA algorithm is proposed by using bank-to-turn technique. The block control model, which is suitable for backstepping design, is given for nonlinear model of missile. Making full use of the characteristics of the system and combining block control principle and backstepping technique, a robust controller design method is proposed. Uncertainties in every sub-block are allowed, and can be canceled by using the idea of nonlinear damping. It is proved that the state tracking errors are converged to a neighborhood of the origin exponentially. Finally, nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom simulation results for the missile model are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.