温压药剂的爆炸温度场测量及热辐射效应研究

运用红外热成像仪分别对温压药剂和TNT爆炸火球的表面温度进行了测量，根据实测结果分析了温度场的分布情况。依据炸药的爆炸特性及热毁伤准则，结合Baker火球模型，对温压药剂和TNT爆炸产生的热辐射效应进行了计算，结果表明：装填20kg温压药剂的模拟战斗部，其造成死亡的平均热毁伤半径远大于30kgTNT的。     

红外热成像技术在云团爆炸测温中的应用

利用红外热成像技术研究了具有云团爆炸性质的燃料空气炸药(FAE)的爆炸温度场.实验测试了两发液体FAE和一发固体FAE试验弹的爆炸温度参数,得到了爆炸火球温度的时空分布,并根据火球温度分布分析了燃料的抛撒情况.结果表明,在装药量相同的情况下,固体FAE和液体FAE的爆炸火球表面温度分别比TNT高22.3%和6.2%,1000℃以上高温持续时间是TNT的1.95和1.23倍；液体燃料爆炸形成的火球覆盖面积比固体云爆剂大；预制刻槽的薄壁弹体更利于燃料的抛撒和分散.     

温压药剂的热持续杀伤能力研究

使用红外热成像仪分别对不同质量的温压药剂和TNT爆炸火球的表面温度进行了测量,根据实测结果拟合出温压药剂爆炸火球直径、持续时间与装药量的关系式.依据炸药的爆炸特性,计算了温压药剂爆炸火球参数并确定了热毁伤准则,对温压药剂和TNT爆炸产生的不同程度的热可杀伤半径进行了计算.结果表明,温压药剂具有较好的热杀伤效果,高温持续杀伤作用效果尤其明显.     

DNAN基大尺寸带壳装药的能量输出特性

为验证2,4-二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN)基高爆热熔铸炸药与通用爆破战斗部壳体的威力匹配特性,通过理论计算和百公斤级静爆试验获得了DNAN基大尺寸带壳装药的空中爆炸冲击波参数及传播规律;采用高速摄影仪测定了爆炸火球的特征参数,并与TNT装药进行了对比分析。结果表明:带壳装药冲击波峰值超压理论计算值与试验值接近,比例距离2.5 m/kg~(1/3)处DNAN基试样的入射冲击波、马赫反射波峰值超压较TNT提高了92.0%和68.4%,冲量提高了5.1%,特性乘积Δp·I提高了77%,毁伤效应优势主要体现在近场;火球发光亮度、最大直径、面积和火球持续时间也明显优于TNT试样。     

某型高能推进剂的爆炸当量

根据10kg量级的TNT,25kg和50kg量级的某型高能推进剂的空中爆炸试验数据,利用曲线拟合的方法,得出了TNT和高能推进剂空中爆炸的压力表达式,计算出不同对比距离处高能推进剂的TNT当量比,得出高能推进剂的TNT当量比平均值为1.25.     

温压炸药爆炸性能实验与数值模拟

设计了一种5kg级HMX基温压炸药,幵与等质量的TNT炸药进行了自由场静爆试验对比研究。冲击波数据显示,温压炸药相比TNT炸药,最大处ΔP和I分别提高了53.6%和35.6%;红外测温和高速摄像显示,温压炸药相比TNT,高温作用的时间更长,火球尺寸更大。另外用Autody2D软件对温压炸药的爆炸性能进行了数值模拟,结果与实验值符合较好,可以为后续温压炸药的研究提供参考。     

膛口燃烧中火球产生和消失现象的探讨

本文从非平衡态热力学角度,提出一个唯象物理、数学模型来处理膛口轴向温度场,并利用孤波产生和消失的机制解释了膛口二次火球现象,认为:产生二次火球的原因是热力学第二定律作用的结果.     

膛口火球的一维简化模型和温度场的稳定性

对膛口火球提出一个简化模型，孤波模型。针对两种小口径武器，发现理论计算和实验结果相符。最后，从非平衡态热力学角度讨论了火球对膛口轴向温度场稳定性的影响。     

废水溶液化学组分对O3/H2O2氧化TNT功效的影响

为评价TNT废水中不同化学组分对O3／H2O2降解功效的影响,选择HCO^-3、NO^-3、SO^-4、HCOO^-、Cu^2 及AJ^3 等进行了实验研究。以TNT去除率为评价指标,结果表明,溶液中HCO^-3、HCOO^-及Cu^-2 对O3／H2O2去除TNT功效具有抑制作用,其抑制能力的大小为Cu^2 ＞HCOO＞HCO^-3;Al^3 具有促进作用;NO^-3、SO^-4对O3／H2O2去除TNT功效几乎没有任何影响。     

云爆弹结构对爆炸威力影响规律的试验研究

为了准确获得云爆弹结构对其爆炸威力的影响规律,根据云爆弹的作用原理,设计了中心抛撒药、中心与周边辅助抛撒药2种典型结构的云爆试验装置;采用高速录像和壁面压力传感器,对其静爆试验的威力参数进行了测量和分析.试验结果表明,采用与云爆弹的优化结构相匹配的内壳体,可以显著提高云爆弹的能量利用率和远场超压,提高云爆弹的威力;中心与周边辅助抛撒药结构、钢内壳的试验装置为最佳装置,其火球直径达到30 m,平均TNT当量和14 m处的TNT当量最大值分别为2.19和3.17.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.     

Experimental Research on Output Performances of Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator

The paper introduces the performances of magnetostrictive actuators and its applications, discusses the design methods for the structure and internal magnetic circuit of a giant magnetostrictive actuator, and makes tests on the output displacement and force characteristics for an actuator using homemade magnetostrictive material. The experimental result shows that the actuator has satisfactory output precisions and ranges in transient and stable states, and can be used in lowfrequency vibration control system of precise equipment.     

Overview of Anti-tank Mines

First the different anti-tank mines laying possibilities are shortly summarized： hand emplaced, with mine layers, ground or helicopter relatively topographical well defined, and with cluster systems of projectiles, rockets and aircraft dispensers. Then examples of the three generations of anti-tank mines are presented：Ⅰ generation： detonating only beneath the track; Ⅱ generation： detonating beneath the track and belly; Ⅲ generation： mines with off-route actions. Weight and cost comparisons are strongly favoring the off-route Ⅲ-generation mines.     

A Finite Element Analysis on Static Strength of a Complex Section

A static finite element analysis （FEA） of an impulsive controller section is presented. The boundary condition and a part of the loads are applied. Considering the grades of the stress around the holes being large, the dense grids are adjusted accordingly. Four cases with different loads are compared, thus the influences of different loads on the section are analyzed. Numerical results show that the maximum stress of the section is lower than the strength limit of the material, and the section will not be broken with the static loads.     

Discussion on Mechanism of Breech-Blow Caused by Propellant Charge

From the view point of launch safety caused by fracture of propellant charge, this paper points out that the safety criterion of pressure wave is inadequate to evaluate the launch safety of propellant charge based on the initial negative differential pressure and sensitivity tests. Generally, the maximum barrel pressure does not depend upon the intensity of pressure wave correspondingly. The pressure wave intensity can not describe the fracture degree of propellant charge in chamber and reflect the mechanical environment of propellant charge fracturing exactly and wholly. The evaluation criterion for launch safety of propellant charge should be built on the basis of depicting the fracture degree of propellant bed.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.