展开角度及起爆位置对轴向展开式定向战斗部性能的影响

为了研究轴向展开式定向战斗部的毁伤效能,采用AUTODYN软件系统分析了展开角度及起爆位置对轴向展开式定向战斗部破片性能的影响,获得了战斗部轴向展开角度及起爆位置对形成破片质量分布、飞散速度及飞散角的影响规律。结果表明,前向爆炸成型弹丸(EFP)速度随轴向展开角增大而逐渐减小。而EFP长径比增加,翼径比为4.2左右,战斗部轴向展开角的增大可提高有效破片质量百分比,破片最大飞散速度出现在距起爆端约33.33%处,起爆位置在装药外侧时战斗部的有效破片百分比达67.57%;选取战斗部的轴向展开角度为60°左右,且起爆点位于最外侧,可实现轴向展开式定向战斗部定向与汇聚打击的高效毁伤功能。     

定向式动能杆战斗部抛撒规律数值模拟

为分析定向式动能杆战斗部在不同装药结构下的抛撒规律,以非线性动力分析软件LS-DYNA为工具,应用ALE算法,对定向式动能杆战斗部在不同的装药宽度、装药厚度下进行了数值模拟,得到了装药宽度、厚度对杆条飞散速度和抛撒角度的影响规律,模拟结果与文献中实验得到的规律基本一致,为此类战斗部的设计提供了参考。     

多EFP定向聚焦战斗部设计与优化

为了实现弹药的高效毁伤,设计了一种可以同时实现定向和聚焦的多爆炸成型弹丸(EFP)战斗部,论述了多EFP定向聚焦战斗部结构与原理,分析了展开角度与EFP数目密度之间的关系。为得到最优的战斗部结构参数,以EFP的速度和总数为目标函数建立了战斗部参数多目标优化模型,并采用NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法得到了Pareto最优解。在优化得到的战斗部参数基础上,对优化结构下的单个装药单元结构形成EFP过程进行了数值计算,并分析了靶距10、15 m和20 m下战斗部聚焦能力随定向瓣展开角的变化趋势。结果显示优化结构下的EFP初速达到2283.4 m·s~(-1),飞行稳定时经公式计算可穿透35.94 mm的45号钢靶;在靶距15 m处,定向瓣最佳展开角为91.15°,EFP数目密度为169枚·m~(-2)。     

定向战斗部起爆系统

可通过炸药使战斗部变形成定向聚能形，从而达晨目标方向的选择瞄准。在战斗部周围围绕着与其长度相同的２４个炸药形装药。近炸引信将选择２４个装药中的一个区域作为定向瞄准。一但选择了区域方位，该区域及邻近两个区域的形成装药将同时起爆。     

定向战斗部毁伤效能评估

准确的毁伤效能评估能够更加全面地分析评估战斗部的威力,对战斗部的评估和优化具有重要指导意义.定向战斗部能够提高弹载装药的能量利用率,但是其毁伤效能评估并不完善.针对定向战斗部毁伤评估存在的关键难题建立柱坐标系下引信-战斗部配合模型,考虑弹体的滚转角因素,基于激光周向探测引信提出最佳起爆延时和最佳起爆方位计算方法,通过实验验证的数值模型提取威力场打击迹线数据,最终形成适用于定向战斗部的毁伤效能评估程序.利用该程序计算不同定向战斗部结构对某直升机目标的毁伤概率,结果表明:圆柱和棱柱两种战斗部对目标的毁伤概率都随着弹目距离的增大而减小,但是棱柱型战斗部减小幅度远小于圆柱战斗部;棱柱型战斗部在30 m弹目距离时对该直升机目标的毁伤概率仍然能达到0.538.     

爆炸变形战斗部初探

爆炸变形装药战斗部是定向型战斗部的一种,可以提高破片战斗部对目标毁伤概率.本文介绍了爆炸变形战斗部模型弹设计中的主要关键技术,设计了爆炸变形战斗部模型,并通过实验测量了爆炸变形战斗部模型破片密度的空间分布,探讨了不同参数对破片密度分布的影响,得到了破片分布定向特征明显的爆炸变形战斗部.结果表明,与相同尺寸的柱形战斗部相比,爆炸变形战斗部飞向目标的破片密度可以大幅度地提高,而且初速也有一定程度的提高,对空中目标具有良好的毁伤效果.     

限制性模块化传爆装置可靠性试验

采用试验方法对某型战斗部的约束性传爆装置可靠性进行了研究和验证.引信输出装药与传爆装置输入装药的拉距试验表明,临界起爆距离在最大设计间隙的4～5倍之间;传爆装置传爆验证板单元试验和战斗部静爆试验表明,约束性模块化传爆装置能够可靠传爆和起爆主装药.说明传爆装置采用模块化结构设计,提高了其本质可靠性.     

串联装药战斗部的主装药起爆延时计算模型

建立了对付反应装甲的串联聚能装药战斗部的主装药起爆延时计算模型，其中一个用于配备近炸引信串战斗部，另一个用于配备触发引信的串联战斗部。计算结果与实际的模拟动破甲试验结果相符合。     

对付主动装甲的“霍特”Ⅲ导弹

欧洲导弹公司已经开始研制一种对付主动装甲的新型“霍特”反坦克导弹——“霍特”Ⅲ。“霍特”Ⅲ的战斗部为两级串联空心装药。第一级装药比较小,其作用是引爆主动装甲;第二级为主装药,它在第一级装药引爆主动装甲之后,无干扰地攻击主装甲。在这种战斗部     

制导弹药战斗部装药设计安定性评估方法

目前,制导弹药由于用弹量限值,战斗部装药安定性评估是弹药鉴定试验的一个难题.文中根据战斗部装药围压试验获取装药抗压强度数据,采用AUTODYN数学仿真系统计算或试验方法获取战斗部装药在碰撞过程中所受的最大应力,利用应力一强度干涉理论,给出了战斗部装药安定性评估新方法,解决了制导弹药战斗部装药安定性无法评估的难题.该方法不但科学合理,而且可大幅降低试验消耗.     

Expert Systems Aimed at General Design of Projectiles

Expert systems aimed at the general design of projectiles can implement a series of intelligent designs, such as the design of HE shell, the scheme expounded and proved, the emulation analysis and calculation, etc. Aiming at the product design feature, the expert system adopts the object-oriented knowledge representation and all kinds of inference control engines to describe and reason the relevant knowledge regarding the product through the microcomputer. It embodies the foundation of emulation analysis and simulated manufacturing of the shell. It makes use of the method that knowledge expression is combined with condition of inference to carry out the overall design and emulation and reference.The paper gives the ways through which the functions can be achieved, gives the modularization of reference and the design methods of systematization, puts forward the method of knowledge expression and working interface, and supplies a platform for similar products of the shell category that can be quickly designed.     

Parameter Identification for the Valve Control Cylinder System of a Hydraulic Manipulator

In mechanical, hydraulic and electronic systems, the determination of system parameters is often challenging because liquid parameters often change significantly, due to variations in working and environmental conditions. Therefore, it is of significant practical importance to identify those parameters through experimental procedures. A systematic approach to identifying parameters in the valve controlling cylinder system of hydraulic manipulators is provided. It first derives the transfer function of the system, and then uses P control of PID control to predict system parameters. The predicted parameters are further validated using PID control. The prediction through simulation using MatLab language is utilized, which agrees well with experimental results.     

Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of Combustion Field in the Combustion Chamber

In order to study the effect of rotation on the combustion in the underwater vehicle, a two-phase turbulent combustion process is described with Reynolds stress turbulence model, eddy-dissipation turbulent combustion model, P-1 radiation model and particle tracking model of liquid. The flow in the rotating combustion chamber is simulated at two different working speeds, 0 r/min and 1 000 r/min by Fluent software. The temperature, gas velocity, static pressure of wall and fuel concentration are computed and compared. The results show that the combustion in rotating combustor is faster and more effective.     

Software Communication Architecture Implementation and Its Waveform Application

This paper attempts to do a research on the development of software defined radio（SDR） based on software communication architecture（SCA）. Firstly, SCA is studied and a whole reference model of SCA3.0 core framework （CF） is realized; Secondly, an application-specific FM3TR waveform is implemented on the platform of common software based on the reference model; Thirdly, from the point of view of real-time performance and software reuse, tests and validations are made on the above realized CF reference model and FM3TR waveform. As a result, the SCA-compliant SDR has favorable interoperability and software portability and can satisfy the real-time performance requirements which are not too rigorous.     

Dynamic Simulation of the Tank Gun Recoil Response

By using the ATV module of MSC. ADAMS, the dynamic simulation of recoil response of tank gun is analyzed.How the recoil force affects the bodywork and the suspension during gun firing, as well as the changing status of the gun muzzle‘s velocity are gained. All results and analyzing methods are offered for the designing basis of optimizing tank vehicle-gun match. The constructive exploration is beneficial to improving the general capability of tank.     

Survey of Controllable Suspension System for Off-road Vehicles

The controllable suspension system can improve the performances of off-road vehicles both on road and cross-country. So far, four controllable suspensions, that is, body height control, active, semi-active and slow-active suspensions, have been developed. For off-road vehicles, the slow-active suspension and the semi-active suspension which have controllable stiffness, damping and body height are more appropriate to use. For many years, some control methodologies for controllable suspension systems have been developed along with the development of modern control theory, and two or more original control methods are integrated as a new control method. Today, for military or civilian off-road vehicles, the R&D of controllable suspension systems is ongoing.     

Finite Element Analysis of Fretting Behavior Between an Engine Cylinder Block and a Main Bearing Cap

The finite element analysis of the fretting behavior between a cylinder block and a main bearing cap is presented. The stresses, relative fretting slip, fretting friction work parameter W and crack initiation location parameter G on the fretting contact surface of the cylinder block are obtained and analyzed. It shows that the fretting fatigue problem of the cylinder block can be quantitatively explained by W or G. The effects of pretightening force, friction factor and material combination of the cylinder block and the main bearing cap are studied. The computational results indicate that the fretting fatigue of the cylinder block can be allayed by increasing the elastic modulus of the cylinder block, but not by changing the other two factors.     

An Efficient Key Agreement Framework to MANET

Protocols for key management are compared and evaluated from the point of view on mobile ad hoe networks （MANET）. The issues of fault-tolerance and efficiency of key distribution protocols for group communications in MANET are addressed. Most key distribution protocols existing today are primarily designed for wlre-line networks. These protocols either fail to work as intended or cannot work at all when they are applied to the demanding environment of MANET. Parameters and performance of different protocols are analyzed, and then a fiat is given out, on which new protocols or existing ones are designed and modified, so that they can be robust, scalable and efficient in MANET.     

A Physical Model of Electromagnetic Force from PEMA Acted on Metal Projectiles

Electromagnetic armor is a new conceptual combat vehicle technology, which improves remarkably the defensive capability and maneuverability of vehicles. The authors present definitely to apply the electromagnetic theory to analyze the electromagnetic armor. Based on electromagnetics, the experienced expression of projectile and the physical model of PEMA （passive electromagnetic armor） are obtained when electric current flows through the system, and a computer sim- ulation is given.     

The Kinematics Analysis of the Hydraulic Mine-clearing Mechanical Manipulator

Through analyzing the kinematics of the hydraulic manipulator operating system, according to the rules for set-ing up the D-H coordinate system, the generalized coordinate of the manipulator system is established. The rotating and moving joints are selected from the mechanism as joint variables. Each generalized transformation matrix of joints is worked out. The kinematics equation at the finger end of the manipulator is calculated. The obverse solution for the manipulator is gained. The geometrical operating parameters and primary technical specification of the manipulator system are simulated through the computer. The simulative result has shown that the manipulator operating system meets the working task requirements. This research provides theoretical basis for optimizing structural parameters of the manipulator operating. So it also is justified the feasibility for mechanical manipulators to be used in the engineering equipment platform of the hydraulic excavator.