一种新型MEMS微惯性姿态系统自动化误差标定方法

针对MEMS微惯性姿态系统精度不高、标定花费时间长和人工参与标定步骤较多等问题,引入一种新型MEMS微惯性姿态系统自动化误差标定方法。该方法通过设置转台速率运行方式测量不同的角速率,经解算标定出零位、刻度因子、交叉耦合系数及安装误差角。试验验证表明,采用此标定方法原理简单、易于实现,能较好地补偿MEMS微惯性航姿系统的误差,提高导航精度。     

加速度计的多位置标定精度分析与比较

在阐述加速度计组件的多位置标定方法原理的基础上,对转台误差进行了分析和建模,推导了误差的传播途径,理论分析了转台误差对多位置标定精度的影响。分析结果表明:转台外框的非正交误差主要对12位置和24位置标定精度产生影响,不水平误差主要对6位置标定精度产生影响,中框的非正交误差及转台坐标系与标定坐标系不重合误差对每种多位置标定方法的精度都存在影响,影响量级为误差量级大小。最后通过仿真验证了结论。     

《遥测技术》征订启事

《遥测技术》由航天部七○四所主办,中国宇航学会遥测专业委员会和中国自动化学会遥测遥感遥控专业委员会编辑出版,最近航天部申报国家科委,批准从一九八三年在全国内部发行。《遥测技术》主要刊载我国在遥测理论、遥测系统和遥测设备(传感器、调制、传输、跟踪设备、记录器及数据处理设备)各方面的研究和研制成果,以及遥测在     

空空导弹靶场遥测接收处理的现状与发展趋势

围绕空空导弹在靶场进行飞行试验时遥测数据处理的现状,简要介绍了靶场遥测数据的接收、处理过程以及数据处理报告的提交与归档,对靶场远程终端的传输通道以及远程接收与显示作了较为详细的说明,最后提出了空空导弹靶场遥测数据处理的发展趋势。     

多位置融合算法在微型惯性测量组件误差标定中的应用

对微型惯性测量组合的系统标定进行了研究,采用多位置融合算法对微型陀螺仪的静态输出数据进行处理.由于该算法在标定中仅需要惯性组件的位置输出数据,无需对惯性组件进行速率标定,从而简化了标定过程.相比于传统的位置速率标定算法,该算法计算简单,便于编程实现,具有较大的灵活性.通过对最终标定结果与传统算法标定结果进行比较,表明该算法在微型惯性组件标定中是适用的.     

多位置融合算法在微型惯性测量组件误差标定中的应用

对微型惯性测量组合的系统标定进行了研究，采用多位置融合算法对微型陀螺仪的静态输出数据进行处理。由于该算法在标定中仅需要惯性组件的位置输出数据，无需对惯性组件进行速率标定，从而简化了标定过程。相比于传统的位置速率标定算法，该算法计算简单，便于编程实现，具有较大的灵活性。通过对最终标定结果与传统算法标定结果进行比较，表明该算法在微型惯性组件标定中是适用的。     

无线Mesh 网络在遥测传输中的应用

为满足飞行试验中同场多架飞机训练实时监控的要求,设计一种基于网络电台的遥测传输系统。根据无 线Mesh 网络的结构与特点,采用网状拓扑结构,分析无线Mesh 网络应用于遥测传输的关键技术,对基于网络电台 的遥测传输系统进行设计,并通过飞行试验验证其有效性。试验结果表明：该系统可以实现多架飞机的位置、速度、 航迹等关键数据的实时传输与显示,可靠性高,能够满足飞行试验中对多架飞机近距实时监控与指挥的试飞需求。     

航天器遥测数据包处理方法研究

根据“空间数据协商委员会”（CCSDS）制定的标准，采用分包遥测数据格式，对航天器有限的遥测波道传输资源，进行合理、分时地传输，将会提高航天器各子系统的信息向地面传输的能力，这就对地面遥测数据处理提出了新的、更高的要求。文章通过对CCSDS标准中分包遥测数据格式的分析。提出了解包思路和地面遥测数据处理系统的实现方法，并结合有关实战任务验证了该方法的合理性和可靠性。     

DS1820数字温度传感器在惯性组件测温系统中的应用

DS1820是美国DALLAS公司生产的单线数字化半导体测温元件,测温分辨率为0.5℃。本文结合数字温度传感器DS1820在惯性测量组件测温电路测试系统中的应用经验,针对提高测量精度的方法、通信时序、传输协议、CRC校验方法等方面进行了分析说明。     

高机动雷达方位标定方法

雷达探测方位精度是系统的重要性能指标,方位标定精度是雷达探测方位精度提高的前提,从高机动雷达方位标定的设计要求出发,介绍了雷达方位标定的方法以及各种方法的优缺点,并在此基础上总结了方位标定的设计步骤,并进行了寻北仪标定和GPS标定相结合的雷达方位标定系统设计,在满足高机动雷达使用要求的前提下,提高了方位标定的使用可靠度,对今后雷达的方位标定设计都具有一定的参考意义。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.     

Super-resolution Restoration of Remote-sensing Images

A novel image restoration scheme, which is super-resolution image restoration algorithm Poisson-maximum-afterword-probability based on Markvo constraint （MPMAP） combined with evaluating image detail parameter D, has been proposed. The advantage of super-resolution algorithm MPMAP incorporated with parameter D lies in the fact that superresolution algorithm MPMAP model is discrete, which is in accordance with remote-sensing imaging model, and the algorithm MPMAP is proved applicable to linear and non-linear imaging models with a unique solution when noise is not severe. According to simulation experiments for practical images, super-resolution algorithm MPMAP can retain image details better than most of traditional restoration methods; at the same time, the proposed parameter D can help to identify real point spread function （PSF） value of degradation process. Processing result of practical remote-sensing images by MPMAP combined with parameter D are given, it illustrates that MPMAP restoration scheme combined PSF estimation has a better restoration result than that of Photoshop processing, based on the same original images. It is proved that the proposed scheme is helpful to offset the lack of resolution of the original remote-sensing images and has its extensive application foreground.     

Design and Simulation of TF and TA Controller for Missile

A nonlinear terrain following(TF) and terrain avoidance(TA) controller is proposed for missile control systems. Based on classical TF algorithm (adaptive angle method), a new method for TF controller is proposed by using angle of attack. A method of obtaining terrain outline data from digital elevation map (DEM) for TF control is discussed in order to save store space. A TA algorithm is proposed by using bank-to-turn technique. The block control model, which is suitable for backstepping design, is given for nonlinear model of missile. Making full use of the characteristics of the system and combining block control principle and backstepping technique, a robust controller design method is proposed. Uncertainties in every sub-block are allowed, and can be canceled by using the idea of nonlinear damping. It is proved that the state tracking errors are converged to a neighborhood of the origin exponentially. Finally, nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom simulation results for the missile model are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.     

Design and Analysis of Test Schemes of Static Postponing Time on Shrapnels Used to Riot Control

The test scheme of static postponing time given in our actual national military test standard on shrapnels used to control riot is a nine-point test scheme on the combined action of three kinds of temperatures and three kinds of pressures,the consumed ammunitions are more excessive. Statistic analysis and tentative checkout about a lot of test data are done,feasibility gists are put forward for optimizing of the test design scheme. The optimizing design and data analysis of test scheme of the item are done by managing uniformity design theory, two scientific and reasonable six-point test schemes are confirmed. The feasibility and reliability of the optimizing design schemes put forward above are proved ulteriorly by test validating. The gained schemes not only have good design uniformity and little ammunition wastage and meet the test demand, but also have better forecast ability for the result data of other points using the mathematic models from the actual test points.     

Design of Non-fragile Satisfactory Estimator for Linear Continuous Perturbed Stochastic Systems

The design problem of non-fragile estimator is addressed for a class of perturbed linear continuous systems. The perturbations occur on the plant and estimator parameters. The estimator designed should force the error system to achieve the desired decay rate and force the steady error variance less than the specified upper bound irrdevancy of the admissible plant perturbations and estimator perturbations. Consistency problem of the decay rate with the variance upper bound is first considered via linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach. The solution of the estimator parameter under specifications to be consistent is then discussed. The consistency condition of specifications and estimator parameter solution are transformed to feasible or minimum problems subject to a set of LMI respectively. The method is illustrated by a numerical example.     

An Improved Scene-based Nonuniformity Correction Algorithm for Infrared Focal Plane Arrays Using Neural Networks

The improved scene-based adaptive nonuniformity correction （NUC） algorithms using a neural network （NNT） approach for infrared image sequences are presented and analyzed. The retlna-like neural networks using steepest descent model was the first proposed infrared focal plane arrays （IRFPA） nonuniformity compensation method, which can perform parameter estimation of the sensors over time on a frame by frame basis. To increase the strength and the robustness of the NNT algorithm and to avoid the presence of ghosting artifacts, some optimization techniques, including momentum term, regularization factor and adaptive learning rate, were executed in the parameter learning process. In this paper, the local median filtering result of Xij （ n ） is proposed as an alternative value of desired network output of neuron Xij （ n ）, denoted as Tij （ n ）, which is the local spatial average of Xij （ n ） in traditional NNT methods. Noticeably, the NUC algorithm is inter-frame adaptive in nature and does not rely on any statistical assumptions on the scene data in the image sequence. Applications of this algorithm to the simulated video sequences and real infrared data taken with PV320 show that the correction results of image sequence are better than that of using original NNT approach, especially for the short-time image sequences （several hundred frames） subjected to the dense impulse noises with a number of dead or saturated pixels.     

Piecewise Filter of Infrared Image Based on Moment Theory

The disadvantages of IR images mostly include high noise, blurry edge and so on. The characteristics make the existent smoothing methods ineffective in preserving edge, To solve this problem, a piecewise moment filter （PMF） is put forward. By using moment and piecewise linear theory, the filter can preserve edge. Based on the statistical model of random noise, a related-coefficient method is presented to estimate the variance of noise. The edge region and model are then detected by the estimated variance. The expectation of first-order derivatives is used in getting the reliable offset of edge. At last, a fast moment filter of double-stair edge model is used to gain the piecewise smoothing results and reduce the calculation. The experimental result shows that the new method has a better capability than other methods in suppressing noise and preserving edge.     

Bistatic Sonar Localization Based on Best Linear Unbiased Estimation

A best linear unbiased estimation （BLUE） algorithm for bistatic sonar localization is proposed. The Cramer-Rao bound for bistatic Sonar and the geometrical dilution of precision （GDOP） in different conditions are given. The simulation results show that the location accuracy of BLUE algorithm is higher than the weighted least square method.     

Research on Gear-broken Fault Diagnosis in a Tank Gearbox

A fault diagnosis method of working position gear in a tank gearbox is put forward based on simulating the fault of working position gear in an actual tank, extracting the envelope of vibration signal by Hilbert transformation amplitude demodulation method, and zooming the low-frequency band to envelope signal.