旋流燃烧器扩口角度对其气固两相流场的影响

采用激光多普勒测速仪(PDA)对某低氮旋流燃烧器模型的出口流场进行了详细测量,得到了气相和颗粒相的速度及颗粒体积流量分布.结果表明:当燃烧器扩口角度从30°增大到45°时,环形回流区的最大径向跨度从40mm增加到70mm,最大回流速度从1.97m/s增大到2.45m/s;回流区的变大有利于延缓二次风与一次风的混合,能够减少NOx的生成量;当燃烧器扩口角度为60°时,二次风出现了"飞边"现象,一次风与二次风之间形成一个较大的低速回流区,但是它无法卷吸足够多的高温烟气,导致燃烧不能正常进行.     

中心扩口对径向浓淡旋流煤粉燃烧器出口气固流动特性的影响

在不同中心扩口角度的情况下,通过对径向浓淡旋流煤粉燃烧器的冷态ＰＤＡ试验,研究了燃烧器出口速度、粒径及浓度分布,得出了中心扩口角度对燃烧器出口区域气固流动特性的影响规律,并分析了中心扩口对燃烧器性能的影响,为工程应用和优化设计提供了参考性依据。     

双调风旋流煤粉燃烧器技术特点分析与研究

通过对某电厂500MW机组双调风旋流煤粉燃烧器的冷态模化试验，分析了内扩口、中心风、旋流叶片对燃烧器射流的影响规律，研究了燃烧器内回流区的形成机理及燃烧器的调节性能，对核燃烧器的技术特点进行了综合讨论。     

扩口结构对低NOx旋流燃烧器一、二次风混合特性的影响

针对某电厂燃用烟煤的BWB—2028/17.5-M锅炉,结合炉内整体空气分级技术,对所设计的低NO_x旋流燃烧器按1∶4缩小建立冷态单相模化试验台,采用热质比拟法研究一次风扩口长度/外二次风扩口长度对一次风、二次风混合特性的影响。分析试验数据可知:在燃尽风率为25%条件下,适当增加一次风扩口长度,延迟二次风与一次风/煤粉混合物混合,对抑制氮氧化物是有利的;为了保证燃烧器稳燃性能,一次风扩口长度不宜超过外二次风扩口长度的50%;适当缩短外二次风扩口长度,延迟二次风与一次风/煤粉混合物混合,对抑制氮氧化物是有利的,外二次风扩口长度不宜超过内二次风扩口长度的2倍。     

活塞环自动扩口试验机的研制

本文介绍的高效、实用活塞环自动扩口试验机，能预知环在扩口装机时是不时断裂的质量问题。文中扼要地叙述其主要结构及其作用。     

花瓣燃烧器流场特性分析与研究

采用三维贴体坐标结构化网格,对复杂曲面形状的新型旋流燃烧器(花瓣燃烧器)进行了三维的流场数值实验.模拟了旋流的衰减过程,分析了花瓣燃烧器的流场特点;首次给出了旋流燃烧器回流区的立体形状图,直观地反映了回流区的特性;分析了普通旋流燃烧器和花瓣燃烧器的流场参数,并对掺混系数进行了对比;通过花瓣燃烧器流场特性的研究得出,花瓣燃烧器的回流区是由径向回流区和中心回流区融合构成,端部呈花瓣状,所形成的特殊流场能够使煤粉颗粒从燃烧器喷入炉内后,不是首先向外扩散,而是迅速地进入回流区,与高温烟气迅速混合,形成稳定热源,为煤粉着火燃烧提供了前提条件,具有良好的稳燃性能.     

径向浓淡旋流煤粉燃烧器喷口扩角对流场影响的试验研究

本文在径向浓淡旋流煤粉燃烧器模型实验台上,对直流二次风喷口扩角发言为时射流的混合特性、扩展角、回流区、相对回流量进行了单相冷态模化试验研究,相应地得出了其变化规律。     

大容量锅炉新型旋流煤粉燃烧技术的研究

针对某厂采用EI-DRB型燃烧器的1025t/h锅炉稳燃能力差的问题,在径向浓淡燃烧器的基础上,提出了浓淡旋流煤粉燃烧器结构。1号锅炉下层燃烧器采用浓淡旋流煤粉燃烧器后,解决了锅炉稳燃能力差的问题。在1号锅炉小修期间,发现浓淡燃烧器的中心扩锥磨损严重,但没有发生影响运行的现象。在浓淡旋流煤粉燃烧器的基础上,提出了中心给粉旋流煤粉燃烧器,彻底避免了中心扩锥的磨损问题。2号锅炉下层燃烧器采用中心给粉燃烧器后,解决了锅炉存在稳燃能力差的问题,并且NOx排放量有所降低。图6表2参9     

低NO_x旋流燃烧器改造数值模拟

对DBC-OPCC-Ⅰ型旋流燃烧器进行了结构上的优化改造,并利用Fluent软件对改造前后的单个旋流燃烧器进行了数值模拟计算,分析了改造前后燃烧器区域的速度场、温度场以及NOx体积分数分布.结果表明:改造后的速度场出现中心回流区,且回流区在长度和宽度上均有所增加,速度明显减小;改造后的整体温度分布有所降低,最高温度降幅达200K,尤其是旋流燃烧器出口扩锥处的温度明显降低;改造后的NOx体积分数也显著降低,NOx最高体积分数可降1×106,改造后旋流燃烧器的性能比改造前优越.     

旋流燃烧器的稳燃性能分析

针对旋流燃烧器燃烧低挥发份煤的稳燃问题,介绍了扩口、扩锥、浓淡燃烧、齿环稳燃器等国内外的稳燃措施,采用数值方法模拟了旋流燃烧器一次风流场,详细分析了旋流燃烧器的流场特性。分析得出,扩口、扩锥、浓淡燃烧等稳燃措施没有考虑煤粉气流进入炉膛与高温烟气的迅速混合问题。在这些稳燃措施的流场中,煤粉气流进入炉膛,除脉动外,首先沿回流区外缘流动,向外扩张,而不是迅速与热烟气混合,因此,对于低挥发份煤不能起到良好的稳燃作用。提出了解决旋流燃烧稳燃问题的新的研究方向,拓展了稳燃理论,介绍了花瓣形稳燃器,为旋流燃烧稳燃技术的发展提供了新思路。图8参9     

Numerical investigation of the effects of fuel spray type on the interaction of fuel spray and hot porous medium

The interaction between two types of fuel spray and a hot porous medium is studied numerically by using an improved version of KIVA-3V code. The improved KIVA-3V code is incorporated with an impingement model, a heat transfer model and a linearized instability sheet atomization (LISA) model to model the hollow cone spray. An evaporating fuel spray impingement on a hot plane surface was simulated under conditions of experiments performed by Senda to validate the reasonability of the KIVA-3V code. The numerical results conform well with experimental data for spray radius in the liquid and the vapor phases. Computational results on the interaction of two types of the fuel spray and the hot porous medium show that the fuel spray can be split, which provides conditions for quick evaporation of fuel droplets and mixing of fuel vapor with air. The possibility of fuel droplets from hollow cone spray crossing the porous medium reduces compared with that from solid cone spray, with the same initial kinetic energy of fuel droplets in both injection types. __________ Translated from Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2007, 28(2): 354–356 [译自: 工程热物理学报]     

火电厂热力系统级的划分方法研究

火电厂热力系统状态方程与电厂热力系统结构一一对应,为越来越复杂的电厂热力系统的热经济性计算、分析与综合提供了新的基础和研究方法。热力系统状态方程的建立是以级为基础进行的,针对热力系统中级的划分方法进行了探讨,对从热力系统各管路出入热力系统的小汽水流量、热量及功划分到哪一级加热器级进行了定量分析,得出了这些小汽水流量、热量及功均可划分到与其相邻的任一级加热器级而不影响热经济性,而且不影响热力系统状态方程的填写规则,因此,为方便起见,加热器级的边界的选取应根据实际热力系统中测点的布置情况(或已知的参数)而定,而不一定以加热器的出口为界。     

旋流式复合雾化喷嘴雾化特性的试验研究

针对重质渣油燃烧现状,设计了一种旋转式复合雾化喷嘴结构,并对其雾化性能进行了实验研究,得到了平均雾滴粒径SMD随气液质量比ALR的变化规律,通过对比发现新型复合雾化喷嘴比单纯的气泡雾化喷嘴的雾滴粒径小,雾化锥角大,并对其原因进行了理论分析.     

锥形阀消力池优化试验研究

对崆峒水库输水洞平板闸门改建为锥形阀后的消力池进行了模型试验研究。锥形阀消力池内流态稳定,池末端水流没有直冲消力坎且没有明显的水面跌落,消能效果较好。试验结果分析表明：当流量不同时,消力池的最优体型亦有所不同。     

汽油/柴油掺混燃油两段喷射喷雾特性试验研究

基于定容燃烧弹与超高速数码相机搭建的LED-Mie散射喷雾试验台,研究了不同参数对柴油、汽油质量占比20%的柴汽混合油(记为G20)单段与两段喷射主喷液相喷雾特性的影响。结果表明,单段喷射喷雾贯穿距与喷雾锥角随喷射压力的增大而增大,G20喷雾贯穿距略小于柴油喷雾贯穿距,G20喷雾锥角略大于柴油喷雾锥角。将环境温度由300K升高到850K,喷雾贯穿距变小且喷雾很快达到稳定。冷态环境下(300K),两段喷射主喷喷雾贯穿距起始阶段与单段喷射喷雾贯穿距基本一致,但随着喷雾发展200μs左右后,两段喷射主喷喷雾贯穿距变得略小于单段喷射喷雾贯穿距。两段喷射主喷喷雾锥角略大于单段喷射喷雾锥角,预主喷间隔时间对喷雾锥角影响较小。     

压力涡流喷油器喷嘴结构因素对喷雾特性的影响

采用MIXTURE双相流数值模拟的方法研究压力涡流喷嘴结构因素对形成中空锥喷雾的影响。喷孔直径由0．5mm增大到1mm时，喷雾贯穿距离减少约60％，空心锥角增大7．5倍；喷孔长度由0．6mm增大到1mm时，喷雾贯穿距离增大约1．4倍，空心锥角减少约40％；有轴针时，空心锥角增加约4倍；改变轴针形状，将轴针头部加工成锥形，空心锥角增加约30％。喷孔内、外有无圆角对喷雾空心锥角大小的影响幅度在30％-40％。研究结果表明：喷孔长径比、喷孔入口处喷孔形状与轴针形状的配合和喷孔出口端形状是影响压力涡流喷嘴空心锥特性的重要因素。     

Magnetohydrodynamic MgO/CuO‐water hybrid nanofluid flow driven by two distinct geometries

Research regarding the heat transit mechanism of magnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanoliquid flow over contrasting flow profiles is predominantly employed in transpiration, coolants, fiber coatings, heat exchangers, and so on. Owing to this, we intend to dissect the heat transport behavior of MHD hybrid nanofluid flow past a cone as well as a wedge. For the analysis, we take nonlinear radiation and viscous dissipation into consideration with 30% of ethylene glycol and water (or EGW) as base fluid with suspended copper oxide (CuO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles. The Runge‐Kutta method with the shooting technique is utilized to figure out the deduced nonlinear gotverning equations. The influence of the concerned different admissible parameters on similar distributions (cone and wedge) are graphically illustrated and interpreted accordingly via computed numerical values. It is worth noting that the heat transport rate is greater past the cone rather than the wedge. The presence of CuO and MgO hybrid nanoparticles increases the heat transfer rate of the EGW base fluid.     

Experimental study on hydrogen-rich syngas production via gasification of pine cone particles and wood pellets in a fixed bed downdraft gasifier

The main objective of this research is to investigate gasification of pine cones particles and wood pellets in a pilot scale 10 kWth downdraft fixed bed gasifier using air as an oxidizing agent. In this work, it was found that syngas produced by gasification of pinecones particles is rich in environmentally friendly hydrogen and that would be a clean alternative energy carrier for the production of clean energy. In addition, the effect of gasification temperature and equivalence ratio on the composition of syngas and gasification performance for pine cones and wood pellet were analysed comparatively. During the experimental works gasification took place with air, in a temperature range of 701–1046 °C, for various air equivalence ratios (0.14–0.37) and under atmospheric pressure. It is found that H₂ and CO production increased by increasing reactor temperature. Another finding is that the mean cold gas efficiency was 65% for pinecone particles and 80% for wood pellet gasification.     

喷油嘴喷孔加工工艺技术

基于日益严格的排放法规对喷油嘴的孔径,孔形,孔的位置度和喷孔的流量系数提出的越来越严格的要求,介绍了喷孔加工的最新工艺手段及相关设备的应用,加工基准的选择,各坐标轴系统的调整要求,K系数倒锥的加工成型,电脉冲电源的设计特点等技术手段,为喷孔加工工艺提供了设计经验。     

Natural convection of a micropolar fluid from a vertical truncated cone with power-law variation in surface temperature

This work presents a boundary-layer analysis about the natural convection heat transfer near a vertical truncated cone with power-law variation in surface temperature in a micropolar fluid. The transformed boundary layer governing equations are solved by the cubic spline collocation method. Results for local Nusselt numbers are presented as functions of vortex viscosity parameter, the surface temperature exponent, and the Prandtl number. The heat transfer rates of the truncated cones with higher surface temperature exponents are higher than those with lower surface temperature exponents. Moreover, the heat transfer rate from a vertical truncated cone in Newtonian fluids is higher than that in micropolar fluids.