燃气轮机压气机喘振及其控制算法

压气机是燃气轮机的三大部件之一,它运行的安全、高效对燃气轮机性能至关重要。本文扼要地介绍了压气机喘振的影响因素,分析了压气机的性能曲线和喘振线;在此基础上针对压气机某一种喘振控制策略,分析其各种控制设定曲线和控制算法。通过以上两方面的介绍,希望对燃气轮机压气机的喘振防治有所帮助。     

航改型舰用燃气轮机的火用分析

利用火用分析方法对航改型舰用燃气轮机动力涡轮进行了分析和讨论,并就改型中所涉及到的对压气机、发动机的外函道的修改对整个装置的火用损失率的影响进行了分析.     

西门子V94.3A型燃气轮机技术升级改造介绍

本文介绍了通过增加辅助系统或者改进部件设计等途径,对西门子V94.3A型燃气轮机进行技术升级改造的几种方案,以期达到提高机组出力和效率的目的,如压气机湿压缩系统、压气机通流量升级、液力间隙优化和部分负荷运行优化等.同时还介绍了这些系统相应的原理,运行及维护.     

某燃气轮机低压压气机结构设计方案研究

双涵道航空发动机（简称航机）改制成地面燃气轮机通常须新制低压压气机来提高燃气轮机做功能 力和效率,但研制周期长且技术风险高;而采用低压压气机静子部件新设计、转子叶片直接切顶方式,压气机 性能较原航机降低幅度较大。研究某航机低压压气机结构后,在航机低压压气机静子部件中增加隔环及挡 片,减小流道,转子部件在转子轮盘及叶片榫头不变的前提下新设计叶片叶型,经气动和强度计算后总压比 2. 863,绝热效率88%,满足设计要求。进口空气流量偏大,可调节可调叶片,动叶片强度经校核满足要求。     

中冷回热循环_ICR_燃气轮机在舰船的应用

本文回顾了舰用中冷回热循环(ICR)燃气轮机的发展历史及所取得的主要经验。叙述了采用中冷回热燃气轮机的历史必然性、发展现状与主要性能指标。分析了中冷器和回热器的结构型式、重量、体积和应进一步研究的问题。最后以实例说明中冷回热燃气轮机对舰船战技性能产生的影响。     

热传递对燃气轮机突降负载的过渡态性能影响

为搭建更为精细化的燃气轮机仿真模型,在转子惯性、容积效应的基础上,考虑热传递的作用,利用 MATLAB/SIMULINK平台对某船用发电三轴燃气轮机进行突降负载的动态仿真研究,并选取动力涡轮和高压 压气机作为代表进行特性分析,结果表明：热端部件温度和流体温度的变化速率不同是带来温差的根本原 因,使得热传递在过渡态产生的影响不可忽略;热传递增大了压气机耗功和燃气轮机的热损失,耗油量增大; 热传递作用降低了燃气轮机各个参数超调量,使燃气轮机过渡态过程更稳定。     

某舰用燃气轮机舷侧进气系统性能试验研究

与燃气轮机常规进气方式相比，舰用燃气轮机舷侧进气系统对风速、风向等环境条件更为敏感，从而影 响整体性能表现。为验证某舰用燃气轮机舷侧进气系统在不同进气方向下总体性能是否满足设计要求，本文搭 建了该进气系统比例模型，并在其中布置了滤清器、稳压室、消声器等损失部件模型，对舷侧进气系统在5个常 见的进气方向下的整体性能表现进行了试验研究，对M进气方向下7个关键截面上流场进行了详细测量。试 验结果发现，进气方向明显影响舷侧进气系统性能，进气方向垂直于百页窗时进气系统总阻力损失最小。进气 系统中前端部件，如百叶窗、滤清器、稳压室等部件流动损失受进气系统的影响较为明显，消声器等进气系统尾 端部件的流动损失基本不受影响。速度场测量结果表明，进气方向同样会影响进气系统出口截面上流动畸变情 况，变化趋势与进气系统总阻力损失变化趋势基本相反。试验结果表明，在不同进气方向下，舷侧进气系统设计 方案的总阻力损失、出口截面畸变、主机功率损失均满足设计要求。     

某燃机的模块化仿真及其特性分析

基于Matlab/simulink仿真平台,采用模块化建模思想,建立了R0110燃气轮机的动态仿真模型,模型描述了压气机、燃烧室、燃气透平等主要部件的特性。利用模型进行了载荷扰动和增投燃料对燃气轮机运行影响的仿真,结果表明所建立的仿真模型正确反映了燃气轮机的运行特性,可以进一步用于燃气蒸汽联合循环。     

某压气机内部三维流场数值模拟研究

以某重型燃气轮机的整个压气机为研究对象,通过计算软件对该压气机内部三维流场进行设计工况下的数值模拟研究,获得的压气机特性计算结果与试验值吻合良好;并详细分析了该压气机内部流场结构,找出了该燃气轮机最大噪声位置及其形成原因,同时获得了两种压气机内部流场的控制方法,对于压气机设计具有指导意义.     

基于热力参数的燃气轮机故障模拟器的研究与开发

针对某型舰用三轴燃气轮机建立了适合故障诊断的故障数学模型。结合所建立的模型,利用VB平台,开发出该型燃气轮机故障运行模拟器,并以低压压气机叶片磨损故障为例进行了故障模拟与分析。     

Thermo‐economic Optimization of Gas Turbine Power Plant with Details in Intercooler

In this paper a gas turbine power plant with intercooler is modeled and optimized. The intercooler is modeled in details using the ε ? NTU method. Air compressor pressure ratio, compressor isentropic efficiency, gas turbine isentropic efficiency, turbine inlet temperature, cooling capacity of the absorption chiller, recuperator effectiveness as well as eight parameters for configuration of the intercooler are selected as design variables. Multi‐objective genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the total cost rate and total cycle efficiency simultaneously. Two plants including an intercooler and with/without air preheater are studied separately. It is observed that the air compressor pressure ratio in the HP compressor is higher than the LP compressor in both cases and its differences are higher for a plant without an air preheater. Actually the air compressor pressure ratio is found to be about 8.5% lower than the ideal value and 9.5% higher than the ideal value in the LP compressor and HP compressor, respectively, in the case with an air preheater. Moreover, a correlation for intercooler pressure drop in terms of its effectiveness was derived in the optimum situation for each case. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 42(8): 704–723, 2013; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj ). DOI 10.1002/htj.21051     

PSR波纹板片的热强度分析

提出一种新型紧凑式回热器——一次表面回热器(PSR)的强度设计技术。结合船用ICR燃气轮机一次表面回热器研发，以3．7MW燃气轮机为背景，根据热弹性力学和传热学理论，建立PSR板片热强度分析物理数学模型，并对波纹曲线为椭圆、正弦波和抛物线的3种常见波纹传热板片所受热应力做了对比计算，分析了板片厚度，两侧压差，本身温度及形状对板片热强度的影响。给出基于Von Mise等效应力极值σrmax的板片最小设计厚度δmin，还研究了波纹板片在典型工况下的弹性变形情况。本文工作对PSR的结构设计有重要参考价值：     

压缩机中间冷却器采用不锈钢波纹管的试验研究

采用新型不锈钢波纹管代替壳管式换热器中的直管，对压缩机中间冷却器进行了改造，并进行了实际运行测试和比较分析。结果表明：波纹管换热器的天然气出口温度能够达到甚至低于压缩机的设计值，换热效率比例管换热器的高61％，压缩机的操作正常平衡，维护工作最大大降低，达到长周期运行的目的。     

Cycle analysis of an integrated solid oxide fuel cell and recuperative gas turbine with an air reheating system

Cycle simulation and analysis for two kinds of SOFC/GT hybrid systems were conducted with the help of the simulation tool: Aspen Custom Modeler. Two cycle schemes of recuperative heat exchanger (RHE) and exhaust gas recirculated (EGR) were described according to the air reheating method. The system performance with operating pressure, turbine inlet temperature and fuel cell load were studied based on the simulation results. Then the effects of oxygen utilization, fuel utilization, operating temperature and efficiencies of the gas turbine components on the system performance of the RHE cycle and the EGR cycle were discussed in detail. Simulation results indicated that the system optimum efficiency for the EGR air reheating cycle scheme was higher than that of the RHE cycle system. A higher pressure ratio would be available for the EGR cycle system in comparison with the RHE cycle. It was found that increasing fuel utilization or oxygen utilization would decrease fuel cell efficiency but improve the system efficiency for both of the RHE and EGR cycles. The efficiency of the RHE cycle hybrid system decreased as the fuel cell air inlet temperature increased. However, the system efficiency of EGR cycle increased with fuel cell air inlet temperature. The effect of turbine efficiency on the system efficiency was more obvious than the effect of the compressor and recuperator efficiencies among the gas turbine components. It was also indicated that improving the gas turbine component efficiencies for the RHE cycle increased system efficiency higher than that for the EGR cycle.     

An analysis of SOFC/GT CHP system based on exergetic performance criteria

In this study, we first consider developing a thermodynamic model of solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine combined heat and power (SOFC/GT CHP) system under steady-state operation using zero-dimensional approach. Additionally, energetic performance results of the developed model are compared with the literature concerning SOFC/GT hybrid systems for its reliability. Moreover, exergy analysis is carried out based on the developed model to obtain a more efficient system by the determination of irreversibilities. For exergetic performance evaluation, exergy efficiency, exergy output and exergy loss rate of the system are considered as classical criteria. Alternatively, exergetic performance coefficient (EPC) as a new criterion is investigated with regard to main design parameters such as fuel utilization, current density, recuperator effectiveness, compressor pressure ratio and pinch point temperature, aiming at achieving higher exergy output with lower exergy loss in the system. The simulation results of the SOFC/GT CHP system investigated, working at maximum EPC conditions, show that a design based on EPC criterion has considerable advantage in terms of entropy-generation rate.     

微型HAT循环过渡过程动态模拟

在建立压气机、燃烧室、透平、回热器、湿化器、气水换热器、转轴转动惯性模型、气道热惯性模型和燃料供给系统模型等单元部件动态模型的基础上,建立了恒转速微型HAT循环的系统动态模型及其控制系统模型。对其阶跃降负荷过渡过程进行了动态模拟,并与微燃机简单、回热循环进行了对比。结果表明,该动态模型能够有效地对系统的过渡过程进行模拟与分析,计算稳定可靠,可为微型HAT循环控制系统设计与分析提供模型基础;控制系统设计合理,能够满足调节负荷和转速的要求,保证循环系统安全运行;水路的热惯性对系统响应影响较小,而回热器的热惯性是影响微型HAT循环和回热循环过渡过程响应的主要因素。     

展弦比对船用燃气轮机低压压气机跨音级性能影响研究

为了揭示展弦比对压气机跨声速级气动性能的影响机理,进一步提高舰船燃气轮机低压压气机的气动性能,采用数值模拟方法研究了展弦比对某船用燃气轮机低压压气机跨声速级气动性能的影响.结果表明:展弦比对压气机性能的影响受到扭曲规律和反动度等参数选择的影响,对于不同的扭曲方式和反动度分别存在着效率最优展弦比和喘振裕度最优展弦比,且在...     

某型燃气轮机试验台进气盐雾系统设计及试验验证研究

为满足燃气轮机试验台配置模拟海洋大气环境装置的需求,设计了试验台盐雾系统。该系统通过蠕动泵输送燃气轮机各工况所需要的盐溶液,盐溶液输送至雾化器内雾化后形成盐雾,盐雾在燃气轮机进气道中与燃气轮机吸入的空气混合后进入压气机。在20%,35%,50%,60%,80%和100%等额定功率工况下对压气机进口空气含盐质量分数进行测量计算,压气机进气含盐质量分数均约为0.01×10-6,验证了系统满足燃气轮机全功率工况空气含盐质量分数的模拟要求。     

Enhancement of APCI cycle efficiency with absorption chillers

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) plants consume a great amount of energy. In order to enhance the energy efficiency of the LNG plant, the potential energy efficiency enhancements of various options of utilizing the waste heat powered absorption chillers in the propane pre-cooled mixed refrigerant (APCI) liquefaction cycle were investigated in this study. After developing models of the LNG process, gas turbine and absorption chillers, eight options of gas turbine waste heat utilization were simulated. The simulation results show that by replacing 22 °C and 9 °C evaporators and cooling the condenser of propane cycle at 14 °C and inter-cooling the compressor of mixed refrigerant cycle with absorption chillers which are powered by waste heat from the gas turbine, both the compressor power and fuel consumption reduction can be achieved as much as 21.32%. This enhancement requires recovering at least 97% of gas turbine waste heat.     

Thermal design and model analysis of the Swiss-roll recuperator for an innovative micro gas turbine

For the advanced power systems based on the use of microturbines, the major considerations are higher power density as well as higher efficiency for energy-saving. In order to achieve higher efficiency, recuperated systems which recover the exhaust heat then become mandatory and the paramount requirements for the recuperator are high effectiveness and low pressure loss. Here, the thermal design and model analysis of a proposed Swiss-roll recuperator for future higher efficiency microturbines were made with both theoretical approach and numerical simulation. The proposed Swiss-roll recuperator is basically the primary surface type. It is composed of two flat plates that are wrapped around each other, creating two concentric channels of rectangular cross-section. The characteristics of Swiss-roll recuperator resemble the counter-flow spiral plate heat exchanger and have the excellent performance in effectiveness and pressure-loss. From a theoretical analysis, the thermal characteristics of the Swiss-roll recuperator were investigated and its preliminary designs at a given effectiveness for an innovative micro gas turbine were also demonstrated, including the determination of the number of turns, the corresponding channel widths and the required number of transfer unit (NTU). The consequent pressure loss through the recuperator was also predicted. For a given design of the recuperator, the model simulation was then made to provide the insights and needs for further improving the performance of the Swiss-roll recuperator.