新型太阳能喷射与电压缩联合制冷系统研究

为提高太阳能与辅助能源的综合利用率，提出了一种新型的太阳能喷射式与电压缩式有机结合为一体的联合制冷系统，进而对这种新型联合系统及传统联合系统进行了热力学对比分析，对联合系统太阳能喷射式制冷时最佳发生温度进行了选择，并计算了典型年气象条件下两种联合系统相对于电压缩制冷系统的节能量及节能率。结果表明：两种联合系统相对于电压缩式制冷系统而言都是节能的，但新型联合制冷系统比传统联合制冷系统更节能，更能高效地综合利用太阳能与常规能源：在文中计算条件下，新型联合系统比传统联合系统多节能13．6％。     

冷暖联供太阳能喷射制冷系统的一次能耗

太阳能喷射式制冷(热泵)系统在满足供冷、供热需求时，通常需要补充一定量的一次常规能源。该文在系统能量平衡的基础上，引入太阳能倍率、冬夏负荷比等参数，推导了太阳能制冷系统与电压缩制冷系统的一次能耗比计算公式。进而对太阳能双元混合工质喷射式制冷(热泵)系统、单元工质喷射式制冷系统、太阳能直接供热系统与电压缩制冷系统的一次能源消耗进行了对比分析。结果表明，太阳能喷射式热泵比太阳能直接供暖系统节约一次常规能源；太阳能喷射式制冷(热泵)系统，在其太阳能倍率位于节能区时，比电压缩制冷(热泵)系统节约一次常规能源。     

太阳能喷射式制冷与电压缩制冷的能耗的对比

太阳能喷射式制冷系统在满足供冷需求时,通常需要补充一定量的一次常规能源,其节能条件及应用范围是急需解决的问题.在系统能量平衡的基础上,引入太阳能倍率等参数,推导了太阳能喷射式制冷系统与电压缩制冷系统的一次能耗比计算公式,进而对太阳能喷射式制冷系统与电压缩制冷系统的一次能源消耗进行了对比分析.并以太原为例,确定了太阳能喷射式制冷系统的平衡太阳能倍率,给出了相对于电压缩制冷的太阳能喷射式制冷的节能条件.     

太阳能喷射/压缩复合制冷循环性能研究

研究了一种太阳能喷射/压缩复合制冷循环,由太阳能集热子系统、喷射制冷子系统及压缩制冷子系统组成,系统充分利用热电两种能源以及两种制冷方法各自的优点,优化喷射制冷子系统工作性能的同时,改善压缩式子系统的工作条件,从而提高复合制冷循环性能的同时节约高品位电能。采用性能较好的高蒸发温度式喷射制冷带走压缩机排气余热具有实际意义。通过数值模拟的手段分析系统性能及其主要影响因素,并优化工作条件。研究表明,与相同工作条件下的单压缩制冷循环相比,复合制冷循环工作日全天候运行时电力性能系数提升约为31.5%,节电优势显著。存在一个最佳的喷射子系统蒸发温度使得复合制冷循环性能系数达到运行工况的最大值。     

太阳能增压喷射制冷循环的性能评价与优化设计分析

从热力学第一定律与第二定律的分析方法出发,对增压喷射制冷循环与纯喷射循环、蒸汽压缩制冷循环进行对比分析,并对太阳能增压喷射制冷系统的优化设计进行了讨论。     

太阳能制冷讲座(12) 太阳能喷射式制冷技术(上)

介绍了喷射式制冷的发展、工作原理和主要特点,并对单纯太阳能喷射制冷和压缩-喷射、吸收-喷射、吸附-喷射、热管-喷射等复合太阳能喷射式制冷系统进行了介绍和分析,并对其应用前景进行了总结。     

太阳能喷射式制冷技术(上)

介绍了喷射式制冷的发展、工作原理和主要特点,并对单纯太阳能喷射制冷和压缩-喷射、吸收-喷射、吸附-喷射、热管-喷射等复合太阳能喷射式制冷系统进行了介绍和分析,并对其应用前景进行了总结.     

中国首个太阳能空调系统现身江苏盱眙

7月11日下午，中国首个利用太阳能制冷技术储存国家储备粮的空调系统，由南航专家在江苏盱眙县调试成功。据该项目专家组成员、南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院副教授韩东介绍，太阳能制冷系统主要由太阳能热水系统、压缩式制冷系统等两部分组成。其太阳能热水系统与普通家用太阳能热水器原理一样，只是数量更多、功率更大，可使水温升至90℃左右。     

HFO1234yf太阳能喷射制冷系统在住宅建筑中的应用研究

根据郑州地区夏季太阳辐射和空调负荷特点,以HFO1234yf为制冷剂,基于实验测试和模拟计算,针对某一太阳能喷射制冷空调系统运行性能进行研究,该系统供冷对象为200 m~2别墅,采用40 m~2真空管式太阳能集热装置和一个带有辅助加热装置的集热水箱作为热源,计算分析冷负荷、辅助加热量以及太阳能集热量的关系。结果表明:5~9月份,郑州地区典型气象条件下,太阳能集热效率、系统喷射系数、系统COP、太阳能喷射制冷系统综合性能COP_0随月份呈波动变化,均在7月份达到最小值;在5~9月份期间,太阳能制冷系统制冷月贡献率在0.46~0.95间波动,9月份制冷贡献率最大达到0.95,7月份制冷贡献率最小达到0.46。     

制冷系统的热力性能及环境影响评价

基于统一化的能源利用评价思想,分析各种制冷系统的热力性能及其对环境的影响,分析制冷系统的热岛效应,提出压缩式制冷机组和吸收式制冷机组单位制冷量造成的热污染排放强度的计算公式,以澄清人们对制冷系统"热岛效应"的模糊认识。     

新型太阳能吸收式制冷循环的性能分析

在两级溴化锂吸收式制冷循环的基础上,提出了一种由太阳能驱动的新型吸收式制冷循环,并对其进行性能分析。通过大量计算,分析结果表明,在现有太阳能集热器所能提供的热水温度范围内,新型太阳能吸收式制冷循环有较高的热力系数。该循环系统的中间压力、中间浓度对系统的热力系数和热源可利用温差有较大影响。     

太阳能喷射式制冷系统性能分析

叙述了太阳能增压喷射式制冷的原理和系统工作过程. 探讨了太阳能喷射式制冷系统研究的进展状况.通过计算研究了多种制冷剂对喷射器工作性能和系统制冷系数的影响.应用数学模拟的方法,分析了太阳能增压喷射式制冷系统在实际日照条件下的工作性能.结果表明,这种系统能够利用太阳能提供实际需要的制冷量.     

Cooling performance and energy saving of a compression–absorption refrigeration system driven by a gas engine

The prototype of combined vapour compression–absorption refrigeration system was set up, where a gas engine drove directly an open screw compressor in a vapour compression refrigeration chiller and waste heat from the gas engine was used to operate absorption refrigeration cycle. The experimental procedure and results showed that the combined refrigeration system was feasible. The cooling capacity of the prototype reached about 589 kW at the Chinese rated conditions of air conditioning (the inlet and outlet temperatures of chilled water are 12 and 7°C, the inlet and outlet temperatures of cooling water are 30 and 35°C, respectively). Primary energy rate (PER) and comparative primary energy saving were used to evaluate energy utilization efficiency of the combined refrigeration system. The calculated results showed that the PER of the prototype was about 1.81 and the prototype saved more than 25% of primary energy compared to a conventional electrically driven vapour compression refrigeration unit. Error analysis showed that the total error of the combined cooling system measurement was about 4.2% in this work. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

太阳能相变蓄热应用于吸收式制冷的分析

介绍了一种将太阳能相变蓄热技术应用于两级吸收式制冷的新型空调系统,简要分析了该系统的装置结构、工作原理和使用优点。对相变蓄热装置放热过程中放热盘管出水温度随放热时间的变化关系进行了实验测量,并对两级吸收式制冷系统效率进行了分析。通过研究可知,该太阳能空调系统有效解决了以往系统不稳定性和间断性问题;太阳能相变蓄热装置具有体积小、蓄热量大、放热速率大、连续放热温度均匀、便于控制热源加热温度等特点,适合储存太阳能并为吸收式制冷系统提供加热热源。综合考虑系统设备简单,加工要求低的制造特点,所以吸收式制冷以太阳能等低品位热源驱动有着良好的发展前景。     

太阳能驱动实现制冷的研究及其应用

本文提出了利用太阳能驱动实现制冷是一门节能环保技术，重点分析和论述了太阳能驱动实现制冷的几种主要方法．即利用太阳能光一电转换实现制冷、太阳能吸收式制冷、太阳能吸附式制冷和太阳能喷射式制冷。指出太阳能驱动实现制冷的研究具有广阔的应用前景。     

Simulation-optimization of solar-thermal refrigeration systems for office use in subtropical Hong Kong

The solar-thermal refrigeration systems, covering the solar absorption refrigeration system (SAbRS) and the solar adsorption refrigeration system (SAdRS), were designed for typical office in the subtropical Hong Kong. The approach of simulation-optimization was adopted in order to determine the optimal design parameters for SAbRS and SAdRS against the conventional design practice. For simulation, dynamic model of each system was refined on the TRNSYS platform. For optimization, the objective was to minimize the annual primary energy consumption of SAbRS or SAdRS in response to the changing loading and climatic conditions throughout a year. This is a constrained optimization problem since the upper limit of comfort temperature was stipulated, such that the minimization of system energy would not sacrifice the indoor thermal comfort. Due to the complex, multidimensional and constrained nature of the dynamic simulation models, the differential evolution (DE), which has been proven effective in evolutionary computation (EC), was used for optimization purpose. Through the simulation-optimization run, the optimized designs of SAbRS and SAdRS were determined, and their corresponding primary energy consumptions could be 12.2% and 7.1% less than those based on the general design practice. The results provide useful guidelines for the equipment design of SAbRS and SAdRS.     

Study on a novel process for CO2 compression and liquefaction integrated with the refrigeration process

In order to transport and store the captured CO₂ from coal‐fired power plants, it is necessary to compress and liquefy CO₂ first. However, the power consumption of conventional process is enormous. In this paper, a novel process for CO₂ compression and liquefaction based on the analysis of the power consumption of traditional method is proposed. The new process integrates the refrigeration process driven by the lower level heat from the coal‐fired power plant. This paper analyzes and compares the energy consumptions of conventional process and new process for CO₂ compression and liquefaction. The research result indicates that, when CO₂ needs to be compressed and liquefied and an abundant low quality heat is available, the new process has obvious superiority in lowering the energy consumption. The new process for CO₂ compression and liquation integrated with the exhaust heat powered refrigeration can greatly reduce the work consumption of CO₂ compression and liquefaction. The refrigeration temperature has great effects both on the coefficient of performance of refrigeration process and work consumption of compressors. The refrigeration temperature can be selected by optimization. Using refrigerator with double stages of evaporation can further reduce the amount of the extracted steam and lower the total energy consumption for CO₂ compression and liquation. Recovering the cool energy of CO₂ is beneficial to the reduction of the total work consumption. The achievements obtained from this paper will provide a useful reference for CO₂ compression and liquefaction with the lower energy consumption. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.