共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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利用恒压频闪式I-V曲线测试仪研究分析温度和光强对聚光硅电池特性参数的影响。研究发现,聚光硅电池开路电压V_(oc) 的温度系数随聚光比升高不断降低,从1倍聚光比的-1.97 m V/K降低到30倍聚光比的-1.71 m V/K,和其理论计算值吻合较好;和普通单晶硅电池开路电压V_(oc) 温度系数相比,该电池的要小,上述说明聚光硅电池在聚光下工作有利于其在较高温度下操作。聚光硅电池填充因子和效率均随温度升高而降低;由于串联电阻影响,该电池效率随聚光比的增大先增后减,适合在小于20倍聚光比下的系统中工作。可进一步优化该电池金属栅线覆盖率和阻值引起的功率损失以提高其适合应用的聚光比。 相似文献
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孙健 《能源技术(上海)》2011,(2)
建立了聚光条件下光伏电池的热平衡方程及电学特性模型,利用模型对电池的输出特性进行了计算,根据计算结果对传热过程中的热阻及电池的串联内阻对电池的温度、光电转换效率及电能输出功率的影响进行了分析。分析结果表明:电池温度随聚光率的增加而升高,电池效率和输出功率随聚光率的增加先增后降,并存在一个最大输出功率;电池冷却过程的热阻越小、工作温度越低,光电转换效率越高、输出功率越大;电池本身串联内阻越大,电池的效率越低、输出功率越小。根据分析结果提出,要使硅电池在聚光条件下长期高效、稳定安全的运行,必须对电池进行适当的冷却,要尽可能减小电池的串联内阻。 相似文献
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常规太阳电池聚光特性实验 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
为进一步开发常规电池的聚光光伏系统,采用光强大范围可调的恒光强单脉冲太阳电池测试系统,对室温下聚光强度为1~10kW/m~2和恒定光强下15~110℃条件下常规太阳电池的特性进行了试验测试。结果表明,室温下常规太阳电池的最佳工作点电压V_m和光功率放大系数a随入射光强增加呈现先增后降的趋势,并且串联电阻小的电池下降速度慢,串联电阻大的电池下降速度快;温度对晶体硅太阳电池的工作电压和输出功率相当敏感;在严格控制太阳电池工作温度的条件下,串联电阻小的电池在较宽的聚光范围内可以获得良好的使用效果。 相似文献
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设计并搭建了CPC低倍聚光太阳能PV/T单通道空气系统实验台,对不同工作环境下聚光PV/T系统的热电性能进行了实验研究。实验研究结果显示:在聚光条件下,系统的各表面温度随光照强度的增加而升高,随下部通道入口空气流速的增加而降低。聚光PV/T系统的最大输出功率可达到60W,比对应相同电池面积平板系统最大输出功率高20W。聚光PV/T系统的各效率随光照强度增加而增大,系统的最大电效率为11%,最大热效率为70%,最大火用效率为16%,比单纯发电时最大火用效率提高约5%。实验获得了一批新的有价值的实验数据,为聚光太阳能光伏光热系统的进一步研究提供了依据。 相似文献
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设计并搭建了一种碟式聚光光伏发电系统,介绍了系统的结构,阐述了系统工作原理,并对其进行了户外实验研究。根据实验结果,该碟式聚光光伏系统的几何聚光倍数为150倍,其峰值功率为1.5315W/cm2,平均效率为26.58%,电池平均工作温度为46.875℃。太阳直接辐射强度和电池温度是影响三结砷化镓光伏电池性能的主要因素。与现有的单晶硅光伏电池片相比,三结砷化镓聚光光伏电池具有转换效率高、电学性能好等特点,所收集的电池温度、输出功率、效率等数据对碟式聚光光伏系统的进一步研究具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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对于地面应用的光伏系统,其光伏方阵的输出峰值功率随光电池工作温度升高而下降,因此在计算系统光电池用量时应考虑温度修正。本文提出对光强及工作期内的环境温度进行平均处理后,可求出光电池用量的温度修正系数。 相似文献
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在热功率0.5 MW棉秆循环流化床试验装置上对稀相区传热系数进行了测定,研究了不同参数对传热系数的影响,结果表明:环形区颗粒浓度和床温对传热系数的影响较大,且随着颗粒浓度和床温的增加而增加;一次风率和过量空气系数对不同床高的传热系数也有一定影响,传热系数随一次风率的增加而增加,但一次风率过大时,传热系数会有所下降;为了得到较高的传热系数,过量空气系数存在一个最佳值;循环倍率对传热系数的影响也很明显,在一定的范围内,传热系数随循环倍率的增加而增加;当循环倍率太大时,床温有所降低,使传热系数减小. 相似文献
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建立了带有散热翅片的聚光太阳能PV/T热电联产系统内部传热过程的一维稳态数学模型,对传热过程进行了数值模拟,分析了空气质量流速、入射光强度、聚光比、环境温度、上部通道高度及翅片参数对系统的空气温度、电池板温度及系统热、电效率的影响.结果表明:随着入射光强、聚光比的增加,空气出口温度和电池板温度都会增加,系统热电总效率增加;通过增空气流量可以有效降低电池温度,提高电池的光电转换效率和系统的总能量利用效率;吸热板背面的翅片可以强化通道内空气的传热过程,降低电池板的温度,系统效率可增加约2%;在相同的光照条件下,人口空气温度越低,上部通道越窄,系统热效率越高.研究结果为聚光太阳能PV/T热电联产系统的设计和运行提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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This work addresses the effect of temperature on the thermophysical properties (i.e., density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity) of alumina–water nanofluid over a wide temperature range (25°C–75°C). Low concentrations (0–0.5% v/v) of alumina nanoparticles (40 nm size) in distilled water were used in this study. The pressure drop and the effective heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids were also estimated for different power inputs and at different flow rates corresponding to Reynolds numbers in the range of 1500–6000. The trends in variation of thermophysical properties of nanofluids with temperature were similar to that of water, owing to their low concentrations. However, the density, viscosity, and thermal conductivity of nanofluids increased, while the specific heat capacity decreased with increasing the nanoparticle concentration. The convective heat transfer coefficient of the nanofluid and the pressure drop along the test section increased with increasing the particle concentration and flow rate of nanofluid. Results showed that the heat transfer coefficient increases, while the pressure drop decreases slightly with increasing the power input. This is because of the fact that increasing power input to heater increases the bulk mean temperature of nanofluids, resulting in a decreased viscosity. The prepared nanofluids were found to be more effective under turbulent flow than in transition flow. 相似文献
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为解决能源桩传热分析中一般将桩土视为相同介质而引起误差的问题,建立一种可考虑桩体与土体之间热物性差异的U型埋管能源桩非稳态传热模型,将其与线热源模型进行对比,验证该模型的准确性。在此基础上,通过级数展开得到近似简化的能源桩热响应半径表达式。最后,对单位桩长换热量、桩体的热扩散系数、桩径以及土体类型进行分析,利用“储热比”评价上述参数对能源桩传热过程的影响。结果表明:该模型较线热源模型可更精准地描述能源桩传热过程,可有效避免传热初期低估桩壁过余温度以及传热稳定期高估桩体温度的问题;在典型的能源桩运行周期内,所提出的热响应半径计算方法误差在0.1 ℃以内,符合工程要求;能源桩传热过程中,土体的储热比随桩体热容、桩土间热扩散系数相对差异的减小而增大;桩壁过余温度及土体储热比均随桩径的增大而减小,随着传热时间的增加,不同桩径对应的桩壁过余温度差逐渐加大,土体储热比差值逐渐减小;相同换热功率作用下能源桩桩壁过余温度的变化率几乎不随传热时间增长而变化;传热90 d后,桩径对能源桩传热过程中能量传递分布影响不大。 相似文献
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在太阳能光伏热系统中,光伏电池温度过高会导致太阳能发电效率下降。相变微胶囊悬浮液(MEPCMS)是一种潜热型功能性流体,将其作为冷却介质用于太阳能光伏热系统可以有效降低光伏电池温度,提高系统的能量利用率。针对相变微胶囊易泄露、导热性差等问题提出了改性方法,使其具有光热转换功能并提升了综合性能。基于性能评价指标分析了太阳能光伏热系统性能的影响因素。结果发现,流速、浓度和太阳辐照量是影响MEPCMS在太阳能光伏热系统中换热性能的关键因素。适当增加MEPCMS浓度和流速能提高工质的换热性能,在降低光伏板温度的同时增加太阳辐照量和系统热电产量,但需结合太阳辐照量大小合理匹配工质的浓度和流速。未来研究方向可集中在提升MEPCMS在太阳能光伏热系统中的换热性能、探究运行参数和太阳辐照量之间的匹配关系、优化集热器结构、利用其蓄热性解决太阳能间歇性等方面。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer》2007,50(11-12):2272-2281
Stable aqueous TiO2 nanofluids with different particle (agglomerate) sizes and concentrations are formulated and measured for their static thermal conductivity and rheological behaviour. The nanofluids are then measured for their heat transfer and flow behaviour upon flowing upward through a vertical pipe in both the laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Addition of nanoparticles into the base liquid enhances the thermal conduction and the enhancement increases with increasing particle concentration and decreasing particle (agglomerate) size. Rheological measurements show that the shear viscosity of nanofluids decreases first with increasing shear rate (the shear thinning behaviour), and then approaches a constant at a shear rate greater than ∼100 s−1. The constant viscosity increases with increasing particle (agglomerate) size and particle concentration. Given the flow Reynolds number and particle size, the convective heat transfer coefficient increases with nanoparticle concentration in both the laminar and turbulent flow regimes and the effect of particle concentration seems to be more considerable in the turbulent flow regime. Given the particle concentration and flow Reynolds number, the convective heat transfer coefficient does not seem to be sensitive to the average particle size under the conditions of this work. The results also show that the pressure drop of the nanofluid flows is very close to that of the base liquid flows for a given Reynolds number. 相似文献
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Parabolic trough collectors are the most mature technology for utilizing the solar energy in high temperature applications. The objective of this study is the thermal efficiency enhancement of the commercial parabolic collector IST-PTC by increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient between the working fluid and the absorber. There are two main factors which influence on this parameter, the working fluid type and the absorber geometry. For this reason three working fluids are investigated, thermal oil, thermal oil with nanoparticles and pressurized water. Moreover, a dimpled absorber tube with sine geometry is tested because this shape increases the heat transfer surface and increases the turbulence in the flow. The final results show that these two techniques improve the heat transfer coefficient and the thermal efficiency of the collector. More specifically, the use of nanofluids increases the collector efficiency by 4.25% while the geometry improvement increases the efficiency by 4.55%. Furthermore, collector parameters such as the heat loss coefficient, the exergetic efficiency, the pressure losses and the absorber temperature are presented for all the examined cases. The model is designed with Solidworks and is simulated by its flow simulation studio. 相似文献