太阳能LED杀虫灯的研究

太阳能光伏和LED照明技术是最有前景的无公害灭虫技术之一.为了开发低成本的无公害灭虫技术,设计了一种太阳能光伏LED杀虫灯系统.通过试验研究,取得了一定的效果.文章简述了害虫的趋光性、LED灯的光学特性和基于LED的杀虫技术.     

依靠科技进步推进节能降耗

2006年2月16日的《中国冶金报》刊登中国金属学会题为《谁是2005年的领跑者》的权威文章,:公布了2005年我国钢铁生产指标之最,在电炉生产一栏中,兴澄特钢以235千瓦时/吨名列全国电炉生产综合电耗最低.     

Research on an Arc Air-Lubricating Oil Radiator Equipped in Internal Surface of Air Intake for the Aero Engine

Due to huge-power aircraft development and more electronic devices applied onboard,high heat flow density and uneven thermal distribution are becoming new problems.One new try is adding an air-lubricating oil radiator as the secondary cooling component but there are still few reports on its research.Therefore,this paper proposes a newly-design plate-fin air-lubricating oil radiator different from tube-fin or shell-tube conventionally used in previous engine system.This radiator is arc,and equipped in internal surface of air intake.Numerical and experimental analyses were carried out on fin performance.Their results agreed well with average error of 13%on thermal resistance.Then heat and flow behaviors of oil side were presented with different structures and sizes of flowing passage.According to all research,optimized radiator is gained with fin spacing of 3.76 mm,fin thickness of 2 mm,single flowing path with width of 13 mm and gradient inlet and outlet.Its heat dissipation of 28.35 k W and pressure loss of 2.2 MPa can meet actual working requirements.The research proves an air-lubricating oil radiator with arc structure and layout mode of internal surface to be feasible,which is a new but efficient cooling scheme and can lead to an innovative but wide use in modern aircrafts.     

金晶出任太阳雨太阳能残奥助威团形象大使

5月6日,中国残奥委、中国残疾人事业新闻宣传促进会在人民大会堂联合举行新闻发布会宣布,我国能源行业新贵江苏太阳雨太阳能集团成为残奥助威团全程独家合作伙伴,在圣火传递中感动全球的残疾人运动员金晶成为"残奥助威团"的形象大使.     

1341材料在循环水泵上的应用

对热电厂发电机的三台循环水泵的运行状况进行了分析,并用BELZONA1341材料对水泵叶轮的表面进行了处理,减少了叶轮表面与水流的阻力和涡流的产生,降低了电机的有功电流,节约了电能,并且延长设备的寿命,效果十分明显.     

Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer for a Single-Planar-Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Considering Internal Reforming

The temperature uniformity and component concentration distributions in solid oxide fuel cells during operating processes can influence the cell electrochemical and thermal characteristics.A three-dimensional thermal-fluid numerical model including electrochemical reactions and water-gas-shift(WGS)reaction for a single channel solid oxide fuel cell was developed to study the steady-state characteristics,which include distributions of the temperature(T),temperature gradient((35)T/(35)x),and fuel utilization.It was shown that the maximum temperature(Tmax)changed with operating voltage and the maximum temperature gradient(((35)T/(35)x)max)occurred at the inlet of the channel of a solid oxide fuel cell by simulation.Moreover,the natural convection condition had a great influence on T and(35)T/(35)x.The thermal stress generated by temperature differences was the key parameter and increasing the convection heat-transfer coefficient can greatly reduce the thermal stress.In addition,the results also showed that there were lower temperature gradients and lower current density at high working voltage;therefore,choosing the proper operating voltage can obtain better cell performance.     

微型燃气轮机表面式回热器的应力分析

应用ANSYS软件,对100kW高效紧凑式微型燃气轮机用表面式回热器进行了应力分析,验证了选用的换热片材料(0Cr18Ni11Nb)的可靠性.结果表明:温度载荷所产生的热应力是应力中的主要部分,温度每升高50K,应力增大6MPa;换热片设计成燃气通道截面积大于空气通道截面积时具有最高的强度.     

木醋液的精制方法及其在农林生产上的应用

木醋液的性能越来越受到人们的重视,逐渐成为人们研究的热点.文章概述了木醋液精制方法的种类、原理和现状,并对其在农林生产上的应用作了详细的介绍,对木醋液的研究提出了相应的见解.     

风力机塔筒抗台风设计

总结了一套计算风力机塔筒静态强度的理论方法,计算了1.5MW风力机,风速在0～75m/s变化过程中塔筒的静态挠度、弯矩、弯应力及底端连接螺栓的拉应力.从而为改进风力机的抗台风设计提供了很好的依据.计算结果表明,叶片顺桨成功后,风向突然偏转90°是一个非常危险的工况.变桨距风力机要提高抗台风能力,一方面要尽量减少变桨距传动及控制系统的响应时间,另一方面可以把桨叶设计成柔性桨叶,当台风袭来时,桨叶变形,使其受力大大减少,保护机组主体不受损坏.     

国家发展改革委、国家能源办就《能源法》立法工作公开征求意见

为应对我国日益严峻的能源形势,保障能源和经济安全,实现构建资源节约型和环境友好型社会的战略目标,促进能源、环境和经济社会的协调、和谐、可持续发展,党中央、国务院做出了尽快起草<能源法>的决定.经国务院批准,国家能源办会同国家发改委、国务院法制办、财政部等有关部门负责<能源法>起草的相关工作.为更好地体现"民主立法、开门立法"的精神,国家能源办正在通过新闻媒体和互联网等渠道向社会各界广泛征集<能源法>草案制定及相关问题的意见和建议.     

Simplification and applicability studies of a hydrogen-air detailed reaction mechanism

The research of hydrogen fuel internal combustion engine (HICE) had great significance facing the challenges of energy and environmental problems. Based on the detailed hydrogen-air reaction mechanism, the pre-mix model of CHEMKIN-Pro software was selected to simplify the detailed mechanism GRI-3.0. The most important elements and reactions was chose to construct framework mechanism firstly based on the sensitivity coefficient for H₂O and NO formation, and additional elements and reactions were added to framework mechanism for complementing the oxidation path of N2 and H₂. A simplified mechanism including 24-step elementary reaction was obtained and the laminar burning velocity calculated by this simplified mechanism matches well with the detailed mechanism in a wide range. This simplified mechanism was also applied in a CFD model which predicted the cylinder instantaneous pressure and NOx emission accurately within a large range of fuel air equivalent ratio. Showing that this mechanism has good applicability.     

A reduced chemical kinetic model for IC engine combustion simulations with primary reference fuels

A reduced chemical kinetic mechanism for the oxidation of primary reference fuel (PRF) has been developed and applied to model internal combustion engines. Starting from an existing reduced reaction mechanism for n-heptane oxidation, a new reduced n-heptane mechanism was generated by including an additional five species and their relevant reactions, by updating the reaction rate constants of several reactions pertaining to oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and by optimizing reaction rate constants of selected reactions. Using a similar approach, a reduced mechanism for iso-octane oxidation was built and combined with the n-heptane mechanism to form a PRF mechanism. The final version of the PRF mechanism consists of 41 species and 130 reactions. Validation of the present PRF mechanism was performed with measurements from shock tube tests, and HCCI and direct injection engine experiments available in the literature. The results show that the present PRF mechanism gives reliable performance for combustion predictions, as well as computational efficiency improvements for multidimensional CFD simulations.     

论产品质量持续改进的保障机制

企业要实施产品质量持续改进,必须建立健全产品质量持续改进机制,以有效解决企业的实际运作过程中经常会出现的问题。分别从建立科学合理的立项机制、完善产品持续改进的资源保证机制、强化项目过程的规范性管理机制和规范项目的责权利对等机制四个方面论述了产品质量持续改进的保障机制。     

基于市场机制的能源总量控制和节能量交易制度分析

利用市场机制促进提高能源利用效率、抑制能源消费过快增长、减少温室气体排放,已成为世界能源领域关注的热点。介绍这一领域的基本概念、制度分类、许可证制度和能效证书制度的基本步骤和特点;结合国际经验,对制度的设计和实施提出针对性的建议。     

我国成品油价格形成机制改革演变过程、现状及建议

成品油价格形成机制不能仅仅等同于定价机制,定价机制只是价格形成机制的核心,而成品油价格形成机制改革是包括定价机制改革在内的一系列改革措施。我国成品油价格形成机制改革是一个长期过程,1998年以后,国家在成品油价格形成机制改革方面步伐明显加快,每一次重大改革不仅在成品油定价方面做出一定的改革和调整,而且还出台了一系列综合配套措施。现行成品油价格形成机制具有其积极的一面,例如逐步走向市场化,扭转了生产企业在高油价下严重亏损的局面,培育了市场主体,提高了透明度等;当然同时也存在不足之处,如现有定价机制上调和下降的起点不平等,为成品油零售价"易涨难落"创造了条件;带有一定的"时滞性";容易受到国际原油价格的被动影响,不能真实反映国内市场的供需状况;"非成本"因素比重过高等。成品油价格形成机制改革必须坚持市场化原则、竞争性原则、政府适当干预原则、国际化原则、协调性原则和透明化原则。建议国家进一步完善现行成品油价格形成机制,进一步加大公开透明度,逐步打破原油和成品油流通领域的垄断经营格局;建立健全相关法律法规体系和财政、货币、税收政策;加强国际石油市场话语权,规避油价大幅波动带来的风险。     

发动机排气门电液驱动可变配气相位机构的设计

在不改变气缸盖结构和保留原机进气门驱动机构的基础上,设计了一种电液驱动可变配气相位的排气门驱动机构.通过与原机机械结构对比试验得出:该机构气门升程曲线具有良好的重复性;在不同发动机转速下,该机构可以按原机配气相位开启和关闭,开启速度、排气流通截面积明显优于原机;改变液压系统的驱动压力,可以改变气门的开启速度;该机构可以实现气门正时和气门升程的连续可变.     

提板式配汽机构稳定性分析及优化设计

文章通过对低参数机组提板式配汽结构进行力学分析,研究了提板式配汽机构的稳定性,针时目前高参数的提板式配汽机组,提出了一种提板式配汽机构优化方案。保证了提板式配汽机构的稳定性。     

铝合金陶瓷摇臂配气机构的气门弹簧优化设计

以气门弹簧的尺寸参数，最小装配预压缩力的配气机构不脱离为约束条件，以配气机构中各零件之间的接触力峰值最小作气门弹簧优化设计的目标，对采用铝合金陶瓷镶块摇臂的配气机构的气门弹簧进行了优化设计，与原配气机构相比，采用陶瓷摇臂和新的气门弹簧后，凸轮与摇臂，气门螺钉与气门的最大接触力以及气门落座冲击力均显著降低，对提高配气机构的工作可靠性有利。     

正庚烷对冲扩散火焰中多环芳烃形成机理的简化

使用敏感性分析对正庚烷对冲扩散燃烧火焰中多环芳烃生成的详细反应机理(包括108种组分、572个基元反应)进行简化,得到了可与CFD多维模型耦合计算的简化机理,该机理包括56种组分、83个基元反应.简化机理和详细机理的计算结果非常吻合,表明得到的简化机理能够精确地描述正庚烷对冲扩散火焰的燃烧特性,并且能够定量预测多环芳烃(例如苯、萘、菲、芘等)的生成.     

氧质量分数对高温空气下火焰氮氧化物生成影响

揭示高温空气燃烧过程中的火焰结构和氮氧化物生成机理.以对向流扩散火焰为对象,利用基于详细基元反应动力学模型的燃烧数值解析方法研究了氧质量分数对高温空气(温度为1 300 K)/甲烷扩散火焰火焰结构和氮氧化物生成的影响.结果表明,随着氧质量分数的逐渐减小,火焰结构和NO的生成机理发生显著变化,扩散火焰的NO生成主要由热力...