基于TRNSYS的变频泵模块的开发及应用

在应用TRNSYS仿真软件对空调水系统定温差变频控制进行仿真模拟时发现,TRNSYS提供的变频泵模块type748在应用中有诸多不便。为此,通过对变频泵运行工况点及运行功率的理论研究,建立了基于定温差控制的变频泵的数学模型,开发了基于TRNSYS的变频泵模块type217。利用变频泵模块type217建立了空调水系统定温差变频控制TRNSYS仿真平台,仿真结果显示此模块具有较高的可靠性,可以应用于空调水系统定温差变流量控制模拟中。     

集中式空调冷冻水系统运行特性分析与节能优化运行方法研究

针对某商场集中式空调系统冷负荷区间跨度较大和冷冻水系统设备运行不合理等问题,建立了冷冻水设备数学模型和基于遗传算法的MATLAB控制模块TRNSYS仿真平台,通过历史运行数据和所建模型分析了冷水机组和冷冻水泵的运行特性,并提出了不同冷负荷区间下基于冷冻水系统整体运行能效最高的优化运行方法。利用冷冻水系统TRNSYS仿真平台模拟了所提优化运行方法,仿真结果与实际运行数据相比,冷冻水系统全年节能5.70%,运行能效提高0.27。     

基于TRNSYS的通风空调系统仿真平台的开发

结合阵地实际建立地下工程通风空调系统各个部件的热力数学模型,设置TYPE子程序的相关参数及利用C++编写逻辑运算程序,建立通风空调系统的部件模块并添加到TRNSYS模块库中,根据通风空调系统的热力特性,按照部件之间温湿度,流量及热损失和压降的传递关系搭建仿真平台。以通风空调系统中最主要的调温除湿机部件模块为例,介绍了TRNSYS模块的建立。选取阵地综合保障实验室的通风空调系统为研究对象,介绍了动态仿真平台的搭建,模拟得到了该通风空调系统的温湿度控制和能耗曲线。     

基于TRNSYS的空调水系统仿真平台

通过建立集中空调水系统各个部件的水力数学模型,设置TYPE子程序的相关参数及编写逻辑运算程序,建立了空调水系统的部件模块,添加到TRNSYS模块库中,根据水系统的水力特性,按照压力、流量及阻抗的逻辑关系搭建仿真平台,弥补了TRNSYS已有模块只考虑热力特性而忽略水力特性的不足。以空调水系统的并联管路部件模块和变频泵组部件模块为例,介绍了TRNSYS模块的建立。选取北京市某综合体大楼的集中空调水系统为研究对象,介绍了动态仿真平台的搭建,模拟得到了该空调水系统的压降曲线。     

基于TRNSYS的VAVBOX数字仿真器的建立

为了实现某校实验平台的变风量中央空调系统在TRNSYS中动态模拟控制,须在TRNSYS软件中完成变风量中央空调系统搭建,而Type库中没有压力无关型VAVBOX模块,提出压力无关型VAVBOX数字仿真器的建立。根据空调末端的控制原理设计VAVBOX数字仿真器,能够保证系统稳定运行,可以用于实验室变风量中央空调系统的优化控制及仿真研究。     

干盘管系统中多区域新风机组的控制方式

介绍了基于最不利区域信号的控制方式和基于区域信号权重处理的整体性控制方式。利用系统仿真软件TRNSYS建立了干盘管系统仿真器,在区域温湿度控制能力和系统能量需求方面比较了这两种控制方式,结果表明后一种控制方式优于前一种。     

以TRNSYS为平台的集中空调水系统数字仿真器的建立

介绍了以TRNSYS为平台，利用部件模型建立可用于优化控制研究的集中空调水系统数字仿真器的方法，讨论了用户DECK文件的编写、部件模型的连接、仿真迭代计算收敛、数据文件输入、仿真器调试等问题，所建立的数字仿真器在通过验证后可用于仿真研究。     

基于Matlab/Simulink的无刷直流电机控制系统建模与仿真

从无刷直流电机的原理入手,研究了基于脉宽调制PWM波的转速和电流双闭环无刷直流电机控制系统,分析了该系统的各个模块并且用MATLAB/SIMULINK软件建立该控制系统的模型,通过仿真得出无刷直流电机控制系统的电机转矩、转速的响应特性。     

贪吃蛇游戏设计

文章设计了一款新颖的以单片机为控制核心的贪食蛇游戏系统。所设计的贪食蛇能完成移动、吃食物和摆放游戏自动输出的食物,使之默认出现3节蛇身,吃到每个随机点数而得分等功能。硬件设计包括LED模块、键盘模块、供电模块驱动模块和下载模块。软件采用C语言编程,方便灵活,大大加快了软件开发速度,缩短了开发周期,并且便于移植。为提高开发效率和硬件稳定性,采用了功能强大的硬件仿真软件Proteus,依托该软件提供的仿真环境搭配Keil作为软件开发调试环境进行仿真调试成功。     

基于TRNSYS的空调水系统管网模型的建立

建立了空调水系统的管网模型并应用于TRNSYS中,以某假日酒店为研究对象,建立了其空调系统的动态仿真器。对酒店空调系统在末端无控时的水力特性以及末端有控时的能耗情况进行了仿真计算,结果表明,管网模型的引入可利用TRNSYS仿真研究空调系统热力特性和水力特性。     

高层Loft建筑的暖通设计要点

对高层Loft建筑的防排烟系统、冷热源、末端系统设计过程中的要点进行了较详细的阐述,为高层Loft建筑的暖通设计提供了参考,同时对高层Loft建筑中需要预留条件进行了叙述。     

基于远程管控技术的实验室事故报警系统研究

为提高实验室事故报警质量,设计基于远程管控技术的实验室事故报警系统。采集模块通过湿度、光照、气体、火焰以及红外线5 种传感器采集实验室环境数据,虚拟仿真装置依据采集的实验室环境数据,通过3dsMAX 等建模工具构建实验室基本模型,利用Vega 视觉仿真用具模拟实验室事故现场情形,系统管控模块中的实验室安全监控装置和反馈控制装置通过管控软件,远程通信模块利用ZigBee 组网,将实验室事故仿真模拟结果以及管控结果,反馈到应用模块中进行监控分析和显示,实现实验室事故报警系统设计。设计了仿真实验,利用实验室事故报警系统进行实时管控。结果表明,该系统有效模拟了实验室火灾事故,管控效率高,监测范围广。     

建筑结构混合试验平台HyTest开发研究

拟动力试验是一种重要的结构抗震联机试验方法,近年来出现了网络化、有限元化和实时化的趋势,形成了混合试验方法。鉴于混合试验分支多样,涉及数值分析、加载设备与控制等多个学科,为了方便试验的实施与技术的发展,迫切需要使用混合试验平台。为此开发了建筑结构混合试验平台HyTest,能够实现全结构拟动力试验、传统子结构拟动力试验、本地及分布式的基于静力子结构的混合试验和基于动力子结构的P2P混合试验。试验平台采用MTS二次开发编程库VB-COM连接试验控制系统,还可以调用有限元软件OpenSEES和ABAQUS进行数值子结构的分析。为了开展分布式的混合试验,该平台采用Socket通讯机制实现子结构间的数据传输,并采用带中转服务器的通讯模式,解决不同局域网之间的数据传输问题。利用该平台完成了6自由度单层单跨钢框架混合试验,验证了该试验平台的有效性。     

Energy simulation and analysis of the heat recovery variable refrigerant flow system in winter

Heat recovery variable refrigerant flow (HR-VRF) system can supply cooling and heating for the building simultaneously and make good use of the indoor cooling and heating capacity efficiently. This system has a good energy performance and can meet the emerging requirements of modern buildings. In order to evaluate the energy features of the system, a new energy simulation module is developed and embedded in the dynamic energy simulation program, EnergyPlus. Using the program with the newly developed module, the dynamic energy simulation is performed for a simplified typical commercial building. The indoor thermal comfort of the building in winter and the setting temperature of the system are analyzed. Based on the simulation results, the energy characteristics of the system are investigated, and it is indicated that different methods of the temperature control and the percentage of the heat recovery have influence on the relative ratio of the energy saving. If the HR-VRF system adopts the same temperature control method as the heat pump VRF (HP-VRF) system, the HR-VRF system promises 15-17% energy-saving potential, when compared to the HP-VRF system.     

轮胎起重机混合动力系统仿真研究

在国家提出节能减排要求的背景下,混合动力系统在工程机械上的应用研究正成为工程机械节能和环保研究的一个热点.采用以超级电容作为储能元件的工程机械环保节能新型混合动力系统,以D2LQ-25型轮胎起重机为例,利用Saber仿真软件作为工具,建立轮胎起重机新型混合动力系统仿真模型,主要包括柴油发电机组模块、超级电容器模块、DC-DC变换器模块以及异步电机变频调速模块等,通过对混合动力系统中柴油机输出功率谱图与未进行混合动力改造机型实测结果对比,分析起重机一次作业循环过程中的节能潜力,并且进行了混合动力系统中柴油机与超级电容器的功率分配分析、超级电容器的充放电过程的仿真分析,得出新型混合动力系统的节能结果,在理论上论证这种新型混合动力系统的实用价值.     

An interface system for computerized energy analyses for building designers

This paper describes research on a computer model for building energy simulation. The main goal of this effort has been to provide building designers a better design tool for energy optimization in their building design processes. With the rapid development in computing technology, today's expectation for computer-aided building design (CABD) systems have matured to an advanced level—to the point where designers are open to the idea of computers helping them in the thought process and not just being used to manipulate and represent geometric shapes [J. Pohl et al., 1992. A Computer-Based Design Environment—Implemented and Planned Extensions of the ICADS Model. Design Institute Research Report, CADRU-06-92, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA.]; [J.A. Clarke, A.D. Irving, 1988. Building Energy Simulation: An Introduction, Energy and Buildings, 10 (1988), Elsevier, pp. 157–159.]. By its very nature, design is a multidisciplinary and creative activity which encompasses all the relevant areas to be considered during the design process. Thus, the CABD system of today is expected to be a general purpose integrated system, rather than a domain-dependent isolated graphics system [J. Pohl, L. Myers, A. Chapman, J. Cotton, 1989. ICADS: Working Model Version 1, Design Institute Research Report, CADRU-03-89, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA.]. This research effort embodies a prototype interface system for a building energy simulation model (ENERife). This interface system is not a simple layer between user and simulation model, but rather, a general interface strategy to control simulation models and relevant databases to be integrated into CABD. The system includes a user interface module, system interface module, general database handling module, automated input processor, building matrix system, and a result analysis and recovery system.     

Modeling and energy simulation of the variable refrigerant flow air conditioning system with water-cooled condenser under cooling conditions

As a new system, variable refrigerant flow system with water-cooled condenser (water-cooled VRF) can offer several interesting characteristics for potential users. However, at present, its dynamic simulation simultaneously in association with building and other equipments is not yet included in the energy simulation programs. Based on the EnergyPlus's codes, and using manufacturer's performance parameters and data, the special simulation module for water-cooled VRF is developed and embedded in the software of EnergyPlus. After modeling and testing the new module, on the basis of a typical office building in Shanghai with water-cooled VRF system, the monthly and seasonal cooling energy consumption and the breakdown of the total power consumption are analyzed. The simulation results show that, during the whole cooling period, the fan-coil plus fresh air (FPFA) system consumes about 20% more power than the water-cooled VRF system does. The power comparison between the water-cooled VRF system and the air-cooled VRF system is performed too. All of these can provide designers some ideas to analyze the energy features of this new system and then to determine a better scheme of the air conditioning system.     

An automatic system for pressure control and load simulation of inflatable membrane structure

Inflatable membrane structure employs flexible membranes as main constructive materials, as well as pressurized gas in the membrane envelope aiming to provide the bearing capacity and structural integrity. Therefore, the internal pressure control and load simulation method are very significant to estimate the structural behavior of inflatable membrane structure. This paper presents an automatic system for pressure control and load simulation of inflatable membrane structure, including a pressure control subsystem and a load simulation subsystem. For pressure control, internal pressure of inflatable membrane structure is controlled by switching the high-speed on/off valves which connect air compressor to the structure. For load simulation, wind pressure and wind suck loads, acting on membrane surface in the normal direction, are simulated by controlling the solenoid valves to allow the vacuum pumps to inflate air into or pump air out from the load simulation chamber which is closely connected to inflatable membrane structure with an airtight space. More importantly, the coupling control of two subsystems can be automatically carried out to simulate the inflatable membrane structure under resisting the varied wind loads. These above actions are automatically performed based on the control logic coded in software module. In order to estimate the proposed automatic system, the internal pressure control, load simulation and coupling control tests were performed on a square double-layer ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) cushion model. Control performance and accuracy of the proposed system are proved by analyzing the measured pressures. It is thus demonstrated that the proposed automatic system is considerably automatic, accurate, efficient and reliable for pressure control and load simulation of inflatable membrane structures.     

建筑结构风振反应的模糊控制

本文通过建立高层建筑的动力学模型,利用SIMULINK进行风振反应的动力学分析。根据高层建筑风振反应的动力特征,采用Sugeno型模糊系统、BP网络及混合学习算法,设计出模糊控制策略。用Matlab语言编制程序并对控制系统进行SIMULINK数值仿真分析,分析结果表明模糊控制是一种有效的方法。     

地震作用下国防工程损毁风险分析系统研究

针对地震作用下国防工程易损特性模型计算和仿真实验的需要,设计和建立了基于模块化和风险集成管理机制的地震作用下国防工程损毁风险分析系统。以区域灾害系统理论为指导,围绕致险因素、孕险环境、风险介质、控制机制及承险体等元素的相互作用、交互、影响,辨析国防工程震害损毁机理和风险体系,提炼、概括和抽象国防工程震害损毁风险结构、功能、以及状态的演化特性和表现,建立其系统分析基本流程和集成框架,确立一致和权威的国防工程震损风险系统模型和仿真推理公共起点;着眼风险模型时序执行和软件优化需求,给出了地震作用下国防工程损毁风险分析系统的模块化逻辑结构和功能设计,研制系统软件。案例表明,系统交互性良好,为有效分析国防工程震害易损性的本质问题提供了模型服务平台和仿真实验工具。