北京学校中学部教学楼消能减震分析与设计

北京学校中学部教学楼采用多层钢框架结构体系,为高烈度区学校建筑,为进一步提高其抗震性能水准,采用了消能减震技术。通过对金属阻尼器、筒式黏滞阻尼器和黏滞阻尼墙等典型减震技术的多方案综合比选,最终确定采用黏滞阻尼墙方案,并给出了适用于中小体量建筑的小尺寸黏滞阻尼墙设计。经计算分析可知,采用该消能减震技术后,小震作用下结构基底剪力和层间位移角的减震效果显著,最大层间位移角远小于规范限值要求;大震作用下结构减震效果良好,弹塑性层间位移角满足既定性能目标,主体结构构件大部分处于不屈服状态,仅个别构件出现轻微损伤,大震下结构抗震性能优越。     

某框架-剪力墙结构减震的分析研究

以昭通某中医院工程为例,通过在结构上附设粘滞阻尼器,研究了高地震烈度区框架-剪力墙结构附设非线性粘滞阻尼器后的减震效果。研究结果表明:粘滞阻尼器对结构减震效果明显,合理布置粘滞阻尼器后,框架-剪力墙结构的抗震性能满足规范要求。研究为高地震烈度区附设粘滞阻尼器的建筑结构抗震设计提供了参考。     

钢框架减震结构性能提升设计与分析

为研究黏滞阻尼器对钢框架结构抗震性能的提升水平，以1栋5层钢框架结构为研究对象，采用黏滞阻尼器对结构进行性能提升设计，对比结构在减震前后的关键结构响应(层间位移角、楼层加速度、楼层剪力等)，分析了结构的损伤状况。结果表明采用黏滞阻尼器能够很好的控制结构的损伤，减小结构的层间位移角、楼层加速度、楼层剪力。采用减震技术后，结构在大震下最大层间位移角得到较好的控制，塑性铰明显减少。除屋面层以外，结构各层的加速度均未超过4m/s²。阻尼器分担了较多的地震作用，大震下结构基底剪力明显减小。减震设计较好的提升了结构的抗震韧性，文中的研究可为钢框架减震结构设计提供参考。     

高烈度区框架结构装设黏滞阻尼器的减震控制分析

为研究高烈度区框架结构装设非线性黏滞阻尼器减震效果,以某典型框架结构工程实例为背景,输入地震波进行时程分析。以楼层侧移、层间位移角、楼层剪力为减震控制目标,分析结果表明,装设黏滞阻尼器的结构减震效果明显,阻尼器在不同的工况下滞回曲线均匀饱满,呈现典型的非线性速度型阻尼器特征,分析结果对于黏滞阻尼器在高烈度区的应用与推广具有一定的参考价值。     

黏滞阻尼器在框架结构抗震加固中的应用研究

以某8层钢筋混凝土框架结构住宅楼为依托,对黏滞阻尼器在抗震加固中的应用进行研究,利用有限元软件ETABS建立结构三维模型,通过计算得到有无黏滞阻尼器结构的地震响应。研究结果表明,增设黏滞阻尼器后由阻尼器提供的附加阻尼比满足减震目标要求,能在一定程度上改善结构抗震性能,使结构层间剪力、层间位移角和屋面位移均在一定程度上有所降低。     

黏滞阻尼器加固大空间混凝土框架结构振动台试验研究

为研究大空间混凝土(LRC)框架结构消能减震加固效果及其抗震性能，基于已完成的1∶6缩尺无控LRC框架结构模型试验，开展同加载历程下另一设置黏滞阻尼器(VFD)的相同减震框架结构模型振动台试验。通过对比分析两个模型破损特征、动力性能、加速度与位移响应等，定量获取增设VFD后减震结构相比无控结构抗震性能的提升水平，揭示不同地震作用下LRC框架中VFD发挥的实时减震效果，重点研究减震加固技术对LRC框架结构中薄弱部位响应的影响规律。试验结果表明：减震模型较非减震模型层间位移得到有效控制，罕遇地震作用下结构最大层间位移角由1/102降至1/194;试验过程中阻尼器的工作性能良好，随着地震激励升高，黏滞阻尼器出力逐渐增大，阻尼器实际最大出力达设计极限值的88%。     

黏滞阻尼器在高烈度区框架结构中的应用

为了改善结构抗震性能,拟对高烈度区某中学框架结构食堂采用黏滞阻尼减震方案,运用ETABS对原结构和减震结构进行多遇地震下的弹性时程分析,对比减震前后层间剪力和位移的变化,以及阻尼器的耗能情况。接着采用PERFORM-3D对结构进行罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性时程分析,研究结构变形、构件性能以及阻尼器的耗能能力。结果表明:在安装黏滞阻尼器后,结构在小震、大震下的各项性能指标均能满足规范要求,且黏滞阻尼器能够正常工作并发挥耗能作用,使结构抗震性能得到了较大提升。     

装配整体式混凝土高层建筑结构黏滞阻尼器减震设计

上海某装配式高层建筑,预制率不低于45%,结构体系采用设置黏滞阻尼器的装配整体式钢筋混凝土框架结构。时程分析结果表明:多遇地震作用下,附加黏滞阻尼器结构较常规结构的首层地震剪力平均减小约35%,最大层间位移角平均减小约40%,黏滞阻尼器的平均耗能比例高达64%,黏滞阻尼器消能减震效果明显;罕遇地震作用下,结构最大层间位移角为1/158,结构屈服机制合理,结构塑性变形满足"生命安全LS"性能目标,结构构件的损伤程度轻,大震下结构抗震性能良好。     

高地震烈度区某剧场减震分析与设计

位于高地震烈度区的某剧场建筑,为改善其抗震性能,采用了布置黏滞阻尼器的减震方案。运用YJK和ETABS对原结构和减震结构进行小震反应谱分析和弹性时程分析,计算结果表明布置阻尼器后的减震方案能够有效减小地震作用下结构的层间剪力和层间位移。在PERFORM-3D中进行结构大震性能评估,其结果表明阻尼器能够正常工作并发挥耗散能量的作用,使得整体结构具有良好的抗震性能,减轻结构主要构件的损伤,更有利于实现结构"中震可修、大震不倒"的设防目标。     

应用黏滞阻尼器的框架结构减震效果模拟分析

采用数值模拟方法对应用黏滞阻尼器的框架结构进行减震效果分析。为确保分析模型的准确性,分别对PKPM和ETABS,Midas-Gen模型计算得到的质量、周期和层间剪力对比分析,利用ETABS和Midas-Gen对框架结构进行多遇和罕遇地震下减震效果分析,结果表明:应用黏滞阻尼器的框架结构,在多遇地震作用下,层间剪力和位移角均有明显减小,在罕遇地震作用下,结构的层间位移角有所减小,减震效果明显。     

新建减震结构优化设计方法

基于隔震理论提出减震结构优化设计方法,对某8度区11层框架结构进行了减震设计,通过附加粘滞阻尼器达到设防目标,根据振型分析调整隔震层层高,使安装阻尼器楼层位置降低至底部2层;将选取的7组加速度时程曲线分为4种工况,采用ETABS对减震结构进行了多遇地震作用下的时程分析,比较了各工况下阻尼器耗能总量和最大层间位移角。研究结果表明:将主体结构与减震装置看作有机整体对减震结构进行设计可取得较好的减震效果;将隔震层主体结构抗侧刚度作为减震装置设计参数,使隔震层基本周期与场地特征周期相等可取得最佳减震效果。     

Seismic performance of steel MRF building with nonlinear viscous dampers

This paper presents an experimental study of the seismic response of a 0.6-scale three-story seismicresistant building structure consisting of a moment resisting frame (MRF) with reduced beam sections (RBS), and a frame with nonlinear viscous dampers and associated bracing (called the DBF). The emphasis is on assessing the seismic performance for the design basis earthquake (DBE) and maximum considered earthquake (MCE). Three MRF designs were studied, with the MRF designed for 100%, 75%, and 60%, respectively, of the required base shear design strength determined according to ASCE 7-10. The DBF with nonlinear viscous dampers was designed to control the lateral drift demands. Earthquake simulations using ensembles of DBE and MCE ground motions were conducted using the real-time hybrid simulation method. The results show the drift demand and damage that occurs in the MRF under seismic loading. Overall, the results show that a high level of seismic performance can be achieved under DBE and MCE ground motions, even for a building structure designed for as little as 60% of the base shear design strength required by ASCE 7-10 for a structure without dampers.     

消能摇摆钢框架结构抗震性能的影响因素与设计方法

消能摇摆钢框架结构包含主体钢框架结构、摇摆结构和耗能阻尼器三部分。刚度较大的摇摆结构可以使主体钢框架在地震作用下发生均匀的层间变形,抑制薄弱层产生。布设于摇摆结构底部的阻尼器,能够耗散地震动能量,减小整体结构的地震反应,提高结构的抗震性能。文中对消能摇摆钢框架结构抗震性能的影响因素进行参数分析,并基于我国建筑抗震设计规范的原则提出了抗震设计方法。根据消能摇摆钢框架结构的受力机理,提出简化分析模型,通过弹塑性地震反应分析,验证简化模型的有效性。基于简化分析模型对无量纲参数进行参数分析,根据各参数的影响规律得到无量纲参数的建议范围。结合我国“三阶段”抗震设防要求,提出消能摇摆钢框架结构的设计方法,并结合算例进行验证。研究表明,消能摇摆钢框架结构抗震性能良好,设计合理的摇摆结构与阻尼器能够抑制钢框架的薄弱层、减小结构的地震反应。     

粘滞阻尼器在框架结构中的应用

消能减震技术比传统的抗震方法有较大的优势,其中粘滞阻尼器具有很好的减震效果,应用较为广泛;对某6层框架结构采用粘滞阻尼器进行消能减震设计,计算结果表明粘滞阻尼器对于控制结构层间位移角,基底剪力均有较好的效果。     

Earthquake response control of a super high‐rise structure subjected to long‐period ground motions via a novel viscous damped system with multilever mechanism

A novel viscous damped system and its principles are proposed in the paper. It is a novel viscous damped system with multilever mechanism that can improve the energy dissipation capacity of conventional viscous dampers. In order to compare the damping effects of the novel viscous damper with that of the conventional viscous damper, a shaking table test of a three‐story steel frame structure is performed. Testing results indicate that the novel viscous damped system is more efficient. The elastic time‐history analysis of a super high‐rise frame‐core tube structure is studied under the frequently occurring earthquake. Dynamic loads take two groups of ground motions with different period characteristics into account. Main response values such as base shear, interstory drift, and acceleration factor under long‐period ground motions are apparently larger than the seismic results due to standard ground motions. Responses between the undamped structure and the damped structure with conventional viscous dampers or the latest products are compared. It is concluded that the proposed viscous damped system can perform more effectively in reducing high‐rise structural responses subject to long‐period ground motions.     

Dynamic characteristics and viscous dampers design for pile‐soil‐structure system

A series of large‐scale shaking table tests are conducted on tall buildings with and without energy dissipation devices on soft soils in pile group foundations, representing pile‐soil‐structure interaction (PSSI) system and the corresponding fixed‐base situations. The superstructure is a 12‐story reinforced concrete (RC) frame. The dynamic characteristics of the test models show that the frequencies decrease and the damping ratio increase in PSSI system by comparison with the fixed‐base structures. The mode shapes of PSSI system are different from that under fixed‐base condition, and the mode shapes of structure without dampers change greater than that with energy dissipation devices under various white noises. An improved method for structural dynamic characteristics, considering the impedance function of piles, is developed to address the issue of modal parameters with PSSI effect. In addition, the structural dynamic parameters of the large‐scale shaking table tests are identified using the modification method and other regulation methods, demonstrating that the improved approach is highly accurate and effective. Subsequently, a design procedure for viscous dampers of structures with PSSI effect is presented based on the dynamic characteristics of the system. Finally, the dynamic responses of the structure with viscous dampers in the practical engineering are decreased effectively, indicating the good performance of designed viscous dampers. The numerical results also show that the damping efficiency of interstory drift is larger than the acceleration and interstory shear force. Therefore, the improved modal parameters method, validated through a series large‐scale shaking table tests, is applicable for identifying dynamic characteristics of pile‐soil‐structure with energy dissipation devices system. The design procedure of viscous dampers, proved by a reinforced concrete frame structure located on a practical Shanghai soft site, can be employed to design the viscous dampers considering seismic PSSI effect.     

某底层框架砖房的消能减震设计

研究了底层框架砖房采用消能减震技术的抗震设计方法,介绍了宿迁某底层框架砖房采用粘弹性阻尼器的消能减震设计,给出了多遇地震和罕遇地震作用下的主要计算结果。计算表明,设置粘弹性阻尼器后,上部结构在多遇、罕遇地震作用下均能满足承载力与变形的要求。     

A proposed structural design method considering fluid viscous damper degradations

The purpose of this study is to perform a seismic assessment of the moment resistant steel structures enhanced with viscous dampers where the dampers are degraded due to possible leak of viscous fluid. This paper proposes a design procedure based on corrected response spectrums as a result of seismic assessments based on nonlinear time series analyses on three‐, five‐, and seven‐story steel frame structures denoted as “generic structures.” The proposed design procedure is a seismic displacement‐based design methodology for buildings with viscous dampers as passive energy dissipation systems. Prior literature on these types of structures often overlook the viscous dampers degradation due to the fluid leak. In this paper, in order to study these effects, a target displacement is specified at first and the lateral forces and required stiffness are obtained. The effectiveness of the proposed procedure is verified with the collapse fragility curves of the generic structures according to the ASCE 7‐10 and displacement‐based design methodology. The results show that the structures designed based on proposed procedure demonstrate acceptable performance with degrading dampers.     

消能摇摆高位隔震结构体系的地震反应特性

双段消能摇摆结构体系是通过两段串联的摇摆结构,控制主体结构各楼层在地震作用下均匀变形,抑制薄弱层的产生,也降低了主体结构对于摇摆结构的刚度需求。在变形集中的摇摆结构底部布设位移型阻尼器,可进一步提高结构的抗震性能。但是该体系存在承载力较低、上段结构地震反应相对较大的不足。基于此,提出了消能摇摆高位隔震结构体系,即在双段消能摇摆结构体系的分段楼层位置增设劲性支撑,以抑制上段结构的摇摆运动,提高结构的刚度与承载力;同时,下段结构允许发生摇摆,发挥高位隔震层的作用。以消能摇摆高位隔震结构体系为研究对象,分析对比了其他三种结构体系：传统支撑框架结构体系、双段消能摇摆结构体系、不含位移型阻尼器的摇摆高位隔震结构体系。采用OpenSees软件建立了弹塑性有限元分析模型,对四种结构体系进行弹塑性抗震分析和增量动力时程分析。研究表明,消能摇摆高位隔震结构体系的刚度与承载力较高,地震反应较小,抗震性能与抗倒塌性能良好。在摇摆结构分段位置加设劲性支撑层,可以抑制上段结构在地震作用下的变形,并发挥下段摇摆结构的隔震作用。布设于分段位置与摇摆结构底部的阻尼器,可以充分消耗地震能量,提高结构体系的抗震性能。     

屈曲约束支撑与黏滞阻尼器的减震效果对比研究

以某钢筋混凝土框架结构工程实例为研究对象,选取与场地条件相匹配的地震动作为激励,在SAP2000程序中计算了该结构在多遇和罕遇地震作用下的非线性动力反应,并在框架结构模型中分别设置屈曲约束支撑和黏滞阻尼器。通过试算确定消能减震装置的参数,使得两种消能减震结构在多遇地震作用下的位移减震率均为40%。在此条件下,对比分析了结构的层间位移角、楼层加速度、基底剪力、柱轴力、塑性铰分布和各层阻尼器的工作状态。分析表明：在多遇地震作用下,屈曲约束支撑增大了结构的加速度响应,而黏滞阻尼器能够减小结构的加速度响应;在罕遇地震作用下,二者均能有效控制楼层的加速度响应,而屈曲约束支撑的位移减震效果更好,但黏滞阻尼器对框架柱内力的减少效果更为显著。