铀材料的中子多重性测量分析方法

多重性测量是一种可以显著提高测量精度、降低测量偏倚的新方法.本文分析了主动法符合测量偏倚较大的原因,介绍了主动法多重性测量的理论关系式,阐述了由测量数据先确定样品增殖,再由经验关系式得到反应系数,进而得到样品质量的数据处理方法.     

利用短寿命核素中子活化分析煤和煤灰中微量元素

本工作是利用短寿命核素快速分析煤和煤灰中的微量元素。工作中使用双标准方法,选用Au、Mn作标准,数据处理采用自编计算机程序。特点是省时、省力,操作程序简单。辐照中子通量为1×10~(12)n/cm~2·s,样品重量为250mg,煤样辐照5分钟,灰样辐照2分钟,均冷却30分钟,测量6分钟。一个样品,通过一次测量可分析出近20种元素,所用分析周期不到1     

手持式EDXRF荧光仪在RoHS认证的应用研究

利用自行研制的便携式EDXRF荧光仪对自配聚乙烯、Cu、Sn、Si O2四种基体标准样品的测量与数据处理,建立了基于RoHS标准的Cr、Pb、Hg、Br等元素的工作曲线,得出判定样品合格的参考标准。实验证明了XRF技术用于RoHS检测中进行快速筛选待检样品是一种有效手段。     

大气气溶胶样品中放射性核素分析(Ⅰ)气溶胶样品中放射性γ能谱分析方法

介绍了一种利用HPGeγ谱仪测量和研究大气气溶胶放射性的方法。用气溶胶采样器收集大气气溶胶样品，将滤材样品压制成片状，通过对γ能谱的分析，确定了样品中放射性核素的种类，并计算其在大气中的浓度。由于气溶胶样品活度水平很低，在测量时样品需要放在探测器表面，在数据处理过程中还需进行级联符合相加效应校正。     

226Ra-222Rn平衡未知样品快速报告226Ra活度的γ谱方法的可能性研究

本文报告了用γ谱仪分析技术对土壤、水泥、原煤、矿泉水和岩石等不同类型样品的226Ra-222Rn平衡系数随样品密封时间的跟踪观测.结果表明,它们依样品和样品制备方法不同而无简单规律性.文中提出了样品的前平衡时间和相应的前平衡系数概念,并进而导出了对于226Ra-222Rn平衡系数未知的226Ra-222Rn未平衡样品快速报告226Ra活度的γ谱测量和数据处理方法.文中明确指出对226Ra-222Rn平衡系数未知的样品快速报告出不至于置疑的可靠检测结果,不可能做到当天收(送)样品当天出检验测试报告;但是,采用本文提出的测量和数据处理方法,对于那些活度不太低的样品来说,在收样后3到7天出检验测试报告是极具可能的,而不至于非要在收(送)样品后一个月左右才能见到检验测试报告,从而大大缩短了等待时间.     

用中子感生瞬发γ分析方法检测煤的发热量Q_(DW)~Y

本文研究了煤发热量Q~Y_(DW)的一种快速检测方法。测量了中子反应产生的瞬发γ射线谱,由特征γ射线的强度确定碳含量C_Y,从而得出Q~Y_(DW)。C_Y的实验误差<2％,Q~Y_(DW)的误差<1.25kJ/g。几分钟可完成一个样品检测。     

基于D-T中子源的板状铋样品宏观基准检验实验

<正>为检验Bi核素评价数据的可靠性,利用中国原子能科学研究院板状样品中子核数据宏观基准检验系统(图1),开展了Bi样品的基准实验测量和模拟计算。实验测量采用飞行时间法测量了14.5 MeV脉冲氘氚中子源与板状样品作用后在60°和120°方向的泄漏中子谱,样品厚度为5、10、15cm,所测量中子能量区间为0.8～16 MeV;     

低本底~(14)C年龄测定的自动数据获取和处理

本文介绍的低本底~(14)C年龄测定的自动数据获取与处理装置能直接给出样品,~(14)C年龄、年龄的标准偏差。实现了测量、数据处理和换样全自动化。     

ZSS单板机在~(14)C年代测量中的应用

一、14C年代测定单板机的功能1.数据处理 1)被测样品的在线数据处理 14C年代测量时间较长,一般一个样品要测够1000分钟,每10分钟为一段,测量到预置的时间后,单板机就用“3σ”作判据对各段计数进行统计检验,对偏离值超过“3σ”的数据可剔除掉,若要求测量时间一致,还可再补充新的测量值,经过剔除和补充后,将得到“σ1”值,再用“3σ1”作判据,重新进行统计检验,直至全部偏离值没有超过“3σn”为止。仪器及电网负载工作状态正常时,偏离值超过“3σn”的机率只有3‰,所以一般不需要剔除和补充。当测量结束时,打印机打出样品的平均计数率、标准误差、试验误     

^132Ⅰ半衰期的测量

采用位置接力法和HPGe γ谱仪跟踪测量132I的半衰期.位置之间的交替测量避免了效率刻度,设定每次跟踪测量的真时间相等,简化数据处理,并用平移和迭代两种方法进行数据处理.实验测得132I的半衰期为(2.283±0.002)h,经检验数据可靠.     

微机多探头放免测定仪的数据处理

本文概要介绍FT-630型~(126)I放免测定仪的构成、数据处理功能梗概,以及RIA数据处理三大问题(标准曲线函数拟合、质量控制样品数据处理,精密度管理)的程序内容和与国内外典型产品功能的对比。     

Design of FPGA based high-speed data acquisition and real-time data processing system on J-TEXT tokamak

Tokamak experiment requires high-speed data acquisition and processing systems. In traditional data acquisition system, the sampling rate, channel numbers and processing speed are limited by bus throughput and CPU speed. This paper presents a data acquisition and processing system based on FPGA. The data can be processed in real-time before it is passed to the CPU. It provides processing ability for more channels with higher sampling rates than the traditional data acquisition system while ensuring deterministic real-time performance. A working prototype is developed for the newly built polarimeter–interferometer diagnostic system on the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak (J-TEXT). It provides 16 channels with 120 MHz maximum sampling rate and 16 bit resolution. The onboard FPGA is able to calculate the plasma electron density and Faraday rotation angel. A RAID 5 storage device is adopted providing 700 MB/s read–write speed to buffer the data to the hard disk continuously for better performance.     

高精度工业CT三维图像的标的挖掘与分析

高精度工业CT三维图像中存在着一些感兴趣区（例如生产工艺造成的缺陷）。为了对这些目标区域进行有针对性的挖掘与分析,利用图像处理软件Amira对特定工件模型进行了缺陷分割、显示及缺陷量测,对缺陷结果进行了评判和归档。以实验室CT系统扫描检测台钳获取的CT图像数据为研究对象,进行了上述一系列处理,取得了较好的效果。     

Benchmarking of evaluated nuclear data for uranium by a 14.8 MeV neutron leakage spectra experiment with slab sample

An experimental system for benchmarking of evaluated nuclear data by a 14.8 MeV neutron leakage spectra measurement with slab sample has been setup at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE). The first measurement of the neutron leakage spectra from a 10 × 10 × 5 cm pure uranium slab sample at 45° and 135° was reported. The experimental results were compared with the calculated ones by MCNP-4C simulation, using the evaluated data of uranium from the CENDL3.0, ENDF/B-VII and JENDL3.3 libraries. This work shows that the apparatus and the data processing procedures work well. And more experiments will be done in the future for benchmarking of the evaluated data, especially for the CENDL data.     

丝扫描快速信号处理测量系统设计

为了提高同步辐射丝扫描探测器的测量分辨率与缩短数据处理时间,设计了丝扫描快速信号处理测量系统。该系统采用了电子学高速连续采样与平均降采样相结合的方法,自动确定拟合区间,调整关键点拟合权重,可有效提高信噪比,滤除光斑边缘毛刺噪声,降低拟合误差,提高测量分辨率与缩短测量用时;其光束位置测量分辨率可达48.3μm,光斑大小测量分辨率可达38.5μm,数据处理时间约150 ms。     

放射性氙叠层闪烁探测器的设计与初步实验

放射性氙的4种同位素131 Xem、133 Xe、133 Xem和135 Xe是地下核试验最重要的示踪气体,是目前CTBTO全球监测系统监测的主要核素。本文设计并研制了一种针对低水平放射性氙测量的叠层闪烁探测器,可实现放射性氙4种同位素的β-γ符合测量,简化了探测器结构。利用MCNP5工具包模拟了两种结构的探测器,获得了β闪烁层的最佳厚度,1.5mm厚塑料闪烁体BC404几乎完全屏蔽4种氙同位素的β信号,135 Xe的910keV特征β射线仅0.8%沉积在γ闪烁层CsI(Tl)中,而对133 Xe的81keV特征γ射线吸收低于6.5%;观察到明显的氙气样品自吸收效应,氙气气压由0.1 MPa增加到0.25 MPa时,氙气对133 Xe的346keVβ射线吸收增加45.6%。基于模拟结构设计,研制了用于放射性氙测量的叠层闪烁探测器,初步实验结果表明叠层闪烁探测器能有效抑制本底计数,抑制因子约96.4±1.0。     

Microwave sintering of 8 mol% yttria-zirconia (8YZ): An inert matrix material for nuclear fuel applications

This study focused on reducing overall processing time and temperature for fully stabilized zirconia, an inert matrix material candidate, to minimize the loss of actinides (that will be incorporated into the matrix material), while maintaining at least 90% theoretical density (TD). The effects of different processing routes on bulk density and microstructure were evaluated. The results obtained by adopting microwave sintering for 8 mol% Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ were compared to conventional sintering. A 20 min soak time at 1300 °C resulted in pellets with 90% TD for microwave-processed samples, compared to 77% TD for pellets processed conventionally. A similar density was obtained at lower temperature (1200 °C) by increasing the soak time to 100 min in microwave processing. This time and temperature resulted in 60% TD conventionally processed pellets. Compressive strength values obtained for a 1300 °C (20 min soak time) microwave-processed sample were higher (1600 MPa) as compared to a conventionally processed sample (1300 MPa).     

低本底液闪仪计算机系统

报道一种全新的低本底液闪仪计算机系统，它具有数据获取与数据处理功能，谱显示选工能以及中断测量后继续测量等功能，因而使液闪仪的自动化和智能化程度更高。     

Accelerator mass spectrometry of strontium-90 for homeland security, environmental monitoring and human health

Strontium-90 is one of the most hazardous materials managed by agencies charged with protecting the public from radiation. Traditional radiometric methods have been limited by low sample throughput and slow turnaround times. Mass spectrometry offers the advantage of shorter analysis times and the ability to measure samples immediately after processing, however conventional mass spectrometric techniques are susceptible to molecular isobaric interferences that limit their overall sensitivity. In contrast, accelerator mass spectrometry is insensitive to molecular interferences and we have therefore begun developing a method for determination of ⁹⁰Sr by accelerator mass spectrometry. Despite a pervasive interference from ⁹⁰Zr, our initial development has yielded an instrumental background of ∼10⁸ atoms (75 mBq) per sample. Further refinement of our system (e.g. redesign of our detector, use of alternative target materials) is expected to push the background below 10⁶ atoms, close to the theoretical limit for AMS. Once we have refined our system and developed suitable sample preparation protocols, we will utilize our capability in applications to homeland security, environmental monitoring and human health.     

A user configurable data acquisition and signal processing system for high-rate,high channel count applications

Real-time signal processing in plasma fusion experiments is required for control and for data reduction as plasma pulse times grow longer. The development time and cost for these high-rate, multichannel signal processing systems can be significant. This paper proposes a new digital signal processing (DSP) platform for the data acquisition system that will allow users to easily customize real-time signal processing systems to meet their individual requirements.The D-TACQ reconfigurable user in-line DSP (DRUID) system carries out the signal processing tasks in hardware co-processors (CPs) implemented in an FPGA, with an embedded microprocessor (μP) for control. In the fully developed platform, users will be able to choose co-processors from a library and configure programmable parameters through the μP to meet their requirements.The DRUID system is implemented on a Spartan 6 FPGA, on the new rear transition module (RTM-T), a field upgrade to existing D-TACQ digitizers.As proof of concept, a multiply-accumulate (MAC) co-processor has been developed, which can be configured as a digital chopper-integrator for long pulse magnetic fusion devices. The DRUID platform allows users to set options for the integrator, such as the number of masking samples. Results from the digital integrator are presented for a data acquisition system with 96 channels simultaneously acquiring data at 500 kSamples/s per channel.