面向二十一世纪的中国造纸工业—发展与优化并重

分析了我国造纸工业当前的形势,从我国造纸工业的发展需求和森林资源的发展状况出发,讨论了我国木材造纸原料的需求与供应潜力,讨论了废纸回收利用的现状和趋势,提出了更好解决造纸原料有效供给的措施。     

中国造纸工业高等教育现状分析

造纸专业人才的培养是实现我国造纸工业发展现代化的关键.本文分析了我国造纸工业高等教育现状及目前存在的问题,并提出了符合市场经济和造纸行业发展需要的造纸工业高等教育发展的相关措施和建议.     

我国造纸工业亟须调整结构

从不久前在呼和浩特市召开的一次纸业发展研究会上了解到,由于我国造纸工业存在诸多结构性矛盾,制约了我国造纸工业迈向现代化的进程。 据国家轻工业局及中国造纸协会有关专家介绍,造纸业是目前国内为数不多的总量短缺且需求不断增长的产业之一,但目前国内造纸工业现有产品结构不适应纸张消费市场的变化和发展,高档纸品供给不足,低档产品大量积压;以非木纤维为主的造纸原料结构,从“源头”制约了我国造纸工业向现代化和规模经济方向发展。 有关专家指出,我国造纸工业结构调整应以原料结构的调整作为突破口,尽快实现以木纤维为主,…     

我国造纸工业原料结构调整战略研究(下)

研究报告回顾了我国造纸纤维原料结构变化的历史沿革，全面分析了我国造纸工业的特点和造纸工业纤维原料结构现状，讨论了造纸纤维原料包括木材、非木材和废纸的供应现状及发展趋势；预测了未来我国造纸工业对纤维原料的需求，提出了原料结构调整的指导思想、基本原则、战略目标及全国造纸工业原料基地建设规划的设想；最后提出了造纸原料结构调整的发展战略措施及相关政策建议。     

基于低碳经济我国造纸工业及其化学品的创新

低碳经济明确提出了减少温室气体排放,节能减排的环保目标。而在低碳经济时代,造纸工业的稳定发展具有一定的时代性优势,其实现低碳环保转型不仅是适应社会可持续健康发展的必然需求,同时也是强化我国造纸工业综合竞争力的必然需求。通过详细分析当前我国造纸工业与化学品工业的现状,提出了一些造纸工业及其化学品创新策略,即纤维原料优化发展,实施清洁环保生产模式,创新技术体系、研发新型产品,以实现低碳经济下造纸工业及化学品产业长远可持续发展。     

中国造纸工业技术发展的方向

分析了我国制浆造纸工业技术装备的现状，归纳了世界造纸工业的重大技术成就，提出了今后我国造纸工业技术发展的方向。     

我国造纸工业原料结构调整战略研究(上)

回顾了我国造纸纤维原料结构变化的历史沿革，全面分析了我国造纸工业的特点和造纸工业纤维原料结构现状，讨论了造纸纤维原料包括木材、非木材和废纸的供应现状及发展趋势；预测了未来我国造纸工业对纤维原料的需求，提出了原料结构调整的指导思想、基本原则、战略目标及全国造纸工业原料基地建设规划的设想；最后提出了造纸原料结构调整的发展战略措施及相关政策建议。     

实施造纸工业的可持续发展

造纸工业在我国国民经济中占有极其重要的地位,本文在探讨可持续发展涵义的基础上,分析了造纸工业在国民经济发展中的重要作用及影响我国造纸工业可持续发展的主要因素,并就我国造纸工业实施可持续发展的途径进行了探讨.     

中国造纸工业实现跨世纪发展的思考

概述了我国造纸工业的现状和问题, 今后发展的趋势和要求, 以及在世纪之交时刻, 为实现我国造纸工业战略发展, 需认真解决的几个根本性问题。包括需研究制定中国造纸工业现代化发展的国家战略, 企业深化改革, 解决好造纸原料, 环保、资金和 “定位” 等问题, 以使我国造纸工业持续、健康、向前发展。     

中国造纸工业水污染问题与对策

中国水环境的污染问题与水资源匮乏将对造纸工业未来的发展产生深刻的影响,《造纸产品取水定额》正在进行修订,国家将加强取水管理和排水限制。本文介绍了我国水环境现状及相关的工程以及与造纸工业相关的法律、政策和规定等,概述了造纸工业应对这样的环境和政策要求所应用的清洁生产和污水处理技术,指出水污染和水资源匮乏的现状,促进了水污染防治政策体系的构建,也同时成为我国造纸工业结构调整和建设高效率、高质量、高效益、低消耗、低污染现代造纸工业的推动力。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.