Fenton法深度处理造纸废水

利用 Fenton 法对造纸废水生化出水进行深度处理,考察了废水 pH 值、反应时间、Fe-SO4投加量和 H2O2投加量对废水中色度和 CODcr去除率的影响,结果表明:在 pH 值为 5.00、FeSO4投量为 400mg/L、30%H2O2投量为 200mg/L,反应时间为 30min,出水 CODcr降至 60...     

Fenton试剂氧化深度处理食品添加剂废水

采用Fenton氧化法深度处理食品添加剂经常规二级处理后的废水.研究了H2O2/CODcr投加量比、Fe2 /H2O2投加量比、反应pH和反应时间对废水CODcr去除效果的影响.结果表明,通过Fenton氧化,可使废水中CODcr由393.2mg/L降到64.3mg/L,去除率达83.6%;处理该废水的最适务件为:H2O2/CODcr=3,Fe2 /H2O2=1,pH4,反应时间60min.     

Fenton试剂深度处理废纸造纸废水试验研究

采用Fenton试剂高级氧化法深度处理无锡某造纸厂废水站的二级生化出水。考察了废水初始pH、H2O2和FeSO4投加量、反应时间及温度对COD和色度去除率的影响。实验结果表明在H2O2投加量为2.646mol/L,FeSO4投加量为2mol/L,pH为4,反应时间为50min,温度为40℃时CODcr和色度的去除率分别可以达到67.9%和70%。出水COD和色度完全可以达到新的排放标准DB32/1072-2007。     

Fenton法处理造纸废水反渗透浓水的研究

采用Fenton法处理造纸反渗透(RO)浓水,通过正交实验确定了Fenton反应各种因子的影响大小,探讨了 H2O2浓度、Fe2+浓度、反应时间和体系pH值等条件对CODCr去除效果的影响,实验结果表明,采用Fenton高级氧化法处理RO浓水,当体系pH值为4、H2O2浓度为5 mmol/L、Fe2+浓度为2.5 mmol/L、反应时间1.5h时,CODCr去除率可以超过60％,出水CODCr可降低至100mg/L以下,可满足造纸废水排放标准的要求.     

Fenton法处理柠檬酸发酵废水技术研究

为了进一步降低柠檬酸废水化学需氧量(COD)值,本实验研究了Fenton强制氧化法对柠檬酸废水的处理,并对反应时间、Fe2+与H2O2添加量、反应pH值3个因素对出水COD值的影响进行了中试实验分析.实验结果表明:在合适的反应条件下,经Fenton强制氧化法处理的柠檬酸废水,COD值可降至60mg/L以下;Fenton强制氧化反应的最优条件为:反应时间5min,反应前pH值为5.0,Fe2+与H2O2添加量分别为50mg/L和60mg/L.     

Fe0-H2O2法深度处理草类制浆造纸中段废水

采用Fe0-H2O2法对制浆造纸中段废水二级处理后的出水进行了深度处理,考察了pH值、Fe/C比、H2O2投加量和载气等不同的操作条件,结果表明:在pH值为3.0、Fe/C(体积比)为2、H2O2投加量为50 mg/L的条件下对污染物去除有利,温度能够加快反应速度;载气不仅能够提高反应效率,且节省H2O2用量。Fe0-H2O2工艺对中段废水的色度去除率超过98%、对CODCr的去除率在77%以上,紫外吸收光谱表明该工艺可有效去除或降解氯化木素。     

Fenton氧化法处理亚麻纤维加工废水的工艺研究

本实验采用了Fenton氧化法处理亚麻加工废水。考察了影响Fenton氧化处理的因素即H2O2投加量、FeSO4.7H2O投加量、pH值和反应时间。通过正交实验确定Fenton试剂处理该废水的最佳氧化条件为H2O2投加量10mL,FeSO4.7H2O投加量1.0g,pH=3,反应时间为35min。COD去除率可达70.12%,色度去除率可达81.42%,浊度去除率可高达82.96%。实验证明采用Fenton氧化实验处理该亚麻纤维加工废水具有一定的可行性。     

微波强化Fenton氧化处理弱酸艳红B染色废水的研究

采用微波强化Fenton氧化法处理含阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)的弱酸艳红B染色废水,探讨初始pH值、H2O2投加量、FeSO4投加量、微波功率、反应时间对废水色度和COD去除率的影响。结果表明:在pH值为2.5、30%H2O2投加量为4 mL/L、FeSO4投加量为100 mg/L、微波功率为539 W、反应时间为10 min条件下,废水色度去除率达到99.1%,COD去除率达到81.9%。微波辐射、Fenton氧化、水浴强化Fenton氧化、微波强化Fenton氧化4种方法的对比实验表明,微波、Fenton氧化对染色废水的降解起协同作用,微波强化Fenton氧化法处理染色废水能显著缩短处理时间、降低Fenton试剂用量、提高COD去除率。     

Fenton法处理铝合金化铣废水的研究

采用Fenton法处理铝合金化铣废水,通过单因素实验和正交实验研究p H值、反应时间、转速、H2O2投加量、Fe2+投加量以及H2O2与Fe2+摩尔比对铝合金化铣废水COD的去除率的影响。结果表明,在p H=3,转速250 r/min,H2O2投加量1 m L,n(H2O2)∶n(Fe2+)=8,反应时间90 min的条件下,铝合金化铣废水COD的去除效果最佳,去除率可达到72.36%。在最佳实验条件下进行Fenton氧化降解铝合金化铣废水的表观动力学研究表明,Fenton氧化降解铝合金化铣废水对初始COD的反应级数为0.8204级。     

Fenton试剂法处理毛皮厂二级出水试验研究

以经"混凝+生化"处理后的毛皮厂二级废水出水为研究对象,考察了Fenton试剂法处理该出水的影响因素和效果。研究结果表明:采用Fenton试剂法处理毛皮厂二级出水,当pH值为4.0、H2O2和Fe2+使用量分别为1000mg/L和500mg/L、反应时间为50min时,废水化学需氧量(CODCr)、氨氮(NH+4—N)去除率分别达到73.2%和65.3%,处理后的水质可达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)皮革废水一级标准。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

Focus on China's Paper Industry

In the English section of this issue, 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 will introduce ＂National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the ＇13th Five-Year Plan＇＂, ＂2013 Annual Report of China＇s Paper Industry＂, and news of projects and other policies.     

Listen to downstream & search for innovation

正Nowadays,textile enterprises are all taking efforts in transformation and upgrading,like improving producing capacity and optimizing production structure to face market downturn.It claimed a higher request to the standard of textile equipments.In the upcoming of ITMA ASIA+CITME 2014exhibition,this magazine have interviewed several branch associations and a series of relative enterprises,to summarize industrial developing status