HI-CAP 100为壁材微胶囊化共轭亚油酸研究

以HI-CAP 100为壁材用喷雾干燥法制备微胶囊化共轭亚油酸,对喷雾干燥工艺中料液固形物含量、一级均质压力、喷雾干燥进风温度和产品中亚油酸载量四个参数进行优化。通过四因子二次回归正交设计组合试验确定喷雾干燥工艺参数：固形物含量为40%、一级均质压力为25 Mpa、进风温度为185℃,载量为45%；在此条件下所得共轭亚油酸微胶囊化效率为93．02%。     

原花青素的微胶囊化研究

研究了原花青素喷雾干燥微胶囊化工艺。选用阿拉伯胶和麦芽糊精做为原花青素微胶囊壁材(阿拉伯胶占40%),按芯壁材比为30%、混合物中固形物浓度为20%的组成比例来混合各种材料并经均质处理后进行喷雾干燥。喷雾干燥工艺条件为：进风温度180℃,出风温度88℃,此时产品微胶囊化效率可达88．44%。     

亚麻籽胶为壁材制备亚麻油微胶囊

选用亚麻籽胶为壁材,采用喷雾干燥法,对亚麻油进行微胶囊化。以微胶囊化效率和含油率为考察指标,考察制备亚麻油微胶囊的影响因素。结果表明:最佳喷雾干燥工艺条件:进风温度170℃,出风温度70℃,雾化器转速24000r/min,进料速度50.41mL/min;最佳微胶囊配方为:壁材与芯材比2:3(m/m)。在此工艺条件下,亚麻油的微胶囊化效率为95.32%,含油率59.48%。     

响应面法优化花生四烯酸微胶囊工艺的研究

采用辛烯基琥珀酸酯化淀粉HI-CAP100和麦芽糊精作为复合壁材,以花生四烯酸为芯材,通过喷雾干燥法制备微胶囊化花生四烯酸,以微胶囊化效率为响应值,用响应面分析法(RSA)对花生四烯酸微胶囊化工艺进行了优化,确定最优工艺参数为:固形物含量39%,均质压力37MPa、喷雾干燥进风温度191 ℃,出风温度为88℃.     

正交试验优化番茄红素微胶囊化工艺

以水溶性大豆多糖为壁材,对喷雾干燥法番茄红素的微胶囊化工艺条件进行优化。通过单因素试验和正交试验考察壁材质量浓度、芯材壁材比、乳化剂含量、喷雾干燥进风口温度、出风口温度对番茄红素微胶囊效率的影响作用,同时用扫描电子显微镜法(SEM)对产品进行了形态观察。结果表明：最优工艺为壁材质量浓度0.28g/mL、芯材壁材比1:7、乳化剂质量分数2%、喷雾干燥进风口温度160℃、出风口温度88℃,所得微胶囊效率为91.8%,此番茄红素微胶囊产品膜结构致密完整。水溶性大豆多糖为壁材喷雾干燥法对番茄红素红素进行微胶囊包埋具有可行性。     

亚麻籽胶为壁材制备枸杞油微胶囊的研究

采用喷雾干燥法制备枸杞油为芯材、亚麻籽胶为壁材的微胶囊,并以微胶囊化效率和含油率为考察指标,考察了制备工艺。结果表明,最佳微胶囊原料配方为:壁材与芯材的比例为(m:m)2:3;最佳喷雾干燥工艺条件:进风温度为180℃,出风温度为70℃,雾化器转速24000r/min,进料速度为46.21mL/min。在此工艺条件下枸杞油的微胶囊化效率为93.29%,含油率为45.62%。     

甾醇酯微胶囊制备工艺研究

研究了喷雾干燥法制备微胶囊化甾醇酯的工艺。研究结果表明:微胶囊化甾醇酯的最优乳化条件为:复合乳化剂配比(单甘酯∶蔗糖酯)为1∶9;乳化剂用量0.75%;壁材用量20%;壁材比(变性淀粉∶麦芽糊精)为1∶5;芯材/壁材为0.5。喷雾干燥法制备甾醇酯微胶囊的最佳工艺参数为:进料温度50～60℃、均质压力50 MPa、进风温度180℃、出风温度80℃、喷雾压力180 KPa。在此工艺条件下微胶囊化效率可达77.8%。     

共轭亚油酸微胶囊化的乳化工艺研究

研究了喷雾干燥法制备共轭亚油酸微胶囊的乳化工艺.采用大豆分离蛋白、麦芽糊精、玉米糖浆为壁材,以蔗糖酯为乳化剂,讨论了微胶囊效果评价标准和均质对乳化工艺的影响,并通过正交设计确定了最佳乳液制备的最佳工艺条件,即：预热温度80℃,预热时间60min,乳化温度30℃,乳化时间90min,乳化剂用量为水液的1.5%（W/V）,在此条件下的微胶囊化产率和效率可分别达到96.19%和82.98%.     

杜仲叶提取物喷雾干燥微胶囊化的研究

为使杜仲叶提取物能在食品领域得到充分有价值的应用,我们采用喷雾干燥微胶囊技术对杜仲叶提取物黄酮进行微胶囊化研究,实验表明最佳喷雾干燥工艺条件为：进料固形物浓度为25%,进风温度为180℃,进料速度为35mL/min。产品微胶囊化效率达90%以上。     

牛肉香精微胶囊化的研究

以微胶囊化效率作为选择的指标,对均质和喷雾干燥的条件进一步优化,确定了最佳的均质和喷雾干燥的工艺参数:均质压力3级,进风温度180℃,出风温度100℃。当乳化剂添加量为0.4%,明胶∶卡拉胶为3∶7,香精添加量为40%时,微胶囊化的效率最高,达到91.26%。微胶囊化后的牛肉香精香型稳定、留香时间长、颜色均一、流动性好、扩散快。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.