椰炭改性涤纶纤维混纺纵条纹织物的生产实践

探讨椰炭改性涤纶纤维混纺织物的生产技术措施。介绍了所用的椰炭改性涤纶纤维、棉纤维、Coolplus纤维的性能指标,通过试验确定了混纺纱的混纺比。在织造生产各工序中,整经采用"中张力、中速度、匀卷绕"的工艺原则,浆纱优选了浆料配方和浆纱工艺参数,合理地配置织机工艺,同时控制好车间温湿度等,最终织机效率达85%以上。经测试,织物试样的各项性能均较好,达到了预期的设计和生产目标。认为:椰炭改性涤纶纤维可以用于开发穿着舒适、具有良好防紫外线性能的高档服装和床上用品。     

改性涤纶与棉混纺织物的生产

探讨一种新型改性涤纶纤维与棉混纺机织物的织部工艺要点。对比了改性涤纶纤维与普通涤纶纤维的质量指标;选用改性涤纶/棉65/35 13.1tex纱为织物经纬纱;整经工序采用"小张力、慢速度"的工艺原则;浆纱工序介绍了选用的浆料成分特性,分两个方案浆纱,分别介绍了浆纱工艺和浆纱质量指标;织造工序,通过分析影响织机效率的因素,调整了上机工艺参数,最终取得了较好的织造效果,下机一等品率89.2%,织疵率1.05%,织机效率95.8%。认为:通过分析浆料特性,采用无PVA浆料配方,可以保证较好的织造效果。     

竹炭改性涤纶精梳棉混纺织物的开发

探讨竹炭改性涤纶精梳棉混纺织物的生产技术措施。通过测试竹炭改性涤纶纤维的性能,分析竹炭改性涤纶精梳棉混纺纱的特点,指出:竹炭改性涤纶精梳棉混纺纱强力低、毛羽多,浆纱工序宜采用PR-Su浆料,遵循"小张力、小伸长、重加压、湿分绞、分层预烘、后上蜡、复分绞"的工艺原则;织造工序采用"大张力、早开口、小开口、中引纬、低后梁"的工艺原则,适当增大车间相对湿度。结果在喷气织机上成功生产了该织物,织机效率达到84%以上,产品质量达到了开发及生产要求。     

多组分混纺细号高密色织面料的开发

探讨采用三叶涤纶纤维、阳离子改性可染涤纶纤维、细特涤纶纤维与精梳棉混纺纱开发轻薄型高密织物的生产工艺.浆纱工序要选用磷酸酯淀粉、PVA-205MB和AD丙烯酸类浆料,采用"中车速、轻张力、小伸长、轻加压、深浸透、双浸双压"工艺;织造工序通过对不同织机速度、开口时间、上机张力、停经架高度的对比试验,得出较为适宜的上机工艺参数.实践表明:通过优化织部工艺,解决了多组分疏水性纤维混纺纱浆纱、织造的技术难题,保证了产品的顺利生产.     

椰炭改性涤纶纤维棉混纺纱交织物的开发

探讨椰炭改性涤纶纤维棉混纺纱交织物的生产要点.采用椰炭改性涤纶纤维棉混纺纱作为经纱,圣麻纱作为纬纱,生产中通过采用条混工艺,解决了不同颜色纤维混纺易出现色差的难题;浆纱采取了“轻上浆、重渗透,中披覆”的原则,保证了经纱的强力;通过织造工艺技术攻关,解决了织造难度大、物理指标不易控制等难题.最终使织机效率达到97％,经向停台率2.5％,下机一等品率达97.5％,织物具有较好的防紫外线性能.     

改性涤纶粘胶混纺织物的生产

探讨改性涤纶粘胶混纺织物的生产工艺。介绍了改性涤纶纤维质量指标和织物规格;采取条混工艺,将6根改性涤纶纤维预并条与1根粘胶纤维生条混并;清棉工序适当降低打手速度;梳棉工序适当采用较大的隔距,优选针布型号;在改造的A1291型细纱机上纺制细纱,采用851双层涂料胶辊,保证成纱质量;浆纱工序优选浆料配方和浆纱工艺;织造工序采用"小张力、小开口量"工艺原则,最终保证了产品的顺利生产,织机效率达92%。认为:各工序优选工艺参数,重点避免错号纱、错线纱,最终可以保证产品的顺利生产。     

咖啡炭改性涤纶/羊毛/有机炭黑纤维复合功能织物的开发及其性能

为开发蓄热保暖、抗静电、吸附异味等多功能于一体的高端毛精纺面料,采用多组分纤维混纺与织物不同组织结构变化相结合的方式,优选咖啡炭改性涤纶纤维、高品质羊毛纤维及有机炭黑纤维作为混纺原料,设计了5种不同咖啡炭改性涤纶纤维含量和4种不同组织结构的织物,对织物的复合功能性进行了测试和剖析,并运用origin软件分别建立织物保温...     

咖啡炭改性涤纶纤维性能研究及纺织应用现状

为满足产品开发实现纤维功能性与最终产品的高契合度需求,对咖啡炭改性涤纶纤维的形态结构、力学、回潮率、导电性、卷曲性、摩擦性和吸附性等纤维基本性能进行测试和分析,并与同规格普通涤纶纤维性能进行对比,重点研究咖啡炭改性涤纶纤维的异味吸附性能,试验对象为甲醛。结果表明,咖啡炭改性涤纶纤维具有内部中腔结构和咖啡炭微粒粉体结构;强力、卷曲率略低于普通涤纶;回潮率、导电性均优于普通涤纶;表面摩擦因数、对甲醛分子的吸附性能高于普通涤纶。此外,对咖啡炭改性涤纶纤维在纺织上的应用现状进行概述,以期为咖啡炭改性涤纶在纺织领域的研究和应用提供参考。     

防紫外线有色涤纶织物的生产

探讨防紫外线有色涤纶织物的生产技术要点.采用有色涤纶29.5 tex×2股线作经纬纱,设计织物主要性能和技术规格,优化织前准备及织造工艺参数.在织造过程中,整经工序采用严控整经张力,保证单纱和片纱张力均匀;浆纱工序采用拖水上浆;织造采用“大张力、早开口、高后梁、迟引纬”的工艺,最终使织机效率平均达90％以上,入库一等品率达95％以上.织物的技术性能指标达到了设计要求.     

棉石墨烯改性涤纶交织物的开发

总结棉石墨烯改性涤纶交织物的生产要点。以JC 7.3 tex纱为经纱,石墨烯改性涤纶55.5 dtex长丝为纬纱,开发了一款五枚三飞经面缎纹织物。针对经、纬纱特点,优化各工序生产工艺,包括浆纱工艺、浆料配方、织机工艺等。使用DELTA110型自动穿经机。定制较细的专用钢针,大大减少了织补痕迹。通过采取各项措施,织机效率达90.6%,产品入库一等品率达99.92%。认为:浆纱和织造工艺的优化是产品顺利生产的关键。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.