采用ARM9和双CPLD的高速横机控制系统软硬件设计

针对横机控制在硬件上的实时性、功能扩展、稳定性、可靠性、抗干扰能力等方面需求,提出基于ARM9和双CPLD的控制系统软硬件设计。硬件包括ARM9主控模块、双CPLD开发板电路、CPLD内部存储控制电路。采用模拟总线方法设计了控制接口电路。双CPLD开发板电路设计了2片CPLD电路、多电源电路、晶振电路、JTAG电路、输入输出隔离电路,并给出了双CPLD内部存储控制电路电路顶层原理图。给出了采用ARM9和双CPLD的控制系统软件结构设计和编织工艺设计。经过软件测试验证硬件运行正常。     

超声波液位仪的设计与制作

本次设计的超声波液位仪以STC89C52RC单片机为控制核心,重点对超声波的发送电路、回波信号接收电路、按键及显示电路等硬件的设计进行了详细的说明;软件程序的编写主要使用的是C语言。实现了数据采集与计算、数据转换、数据滤波和系统抗干扰,及控制部分的逻辑判断等功能。最后通过分别对各个硬件模块和软件模块的调试,使设计的超声波液位仪实现预计功能。     

无线遥控探测小车设计

围绕着智能小车的设计目标,在此介绍了相应的硬件电路设计,硬件电路包括有电源模块,摄像头模块,测速模块,电机驱动模块,无线通讯模块,手动设置模块等的电路。而软件控制系统中,首先设计了摄像头采集信息及处理图像的程序,根据道路信息,采用不同的控制方法控制智能小车的方向以进行检测。     

基于Zigbee的LED灯控制系统设计

针对遥控可调光LED灯的控制系统设计问题,在分析了智能家居的研究现状的基础上,制定了基于ZigBee的LED照明控制系统的总体设计方案.然后进行了系统硬件设计,包括电源电路、LED灯驱动电路、按键电路和其他接口电路等组成部分.分别进行了电脑端的上位机软件设计,以及包括ZigBee协调器和终端的下位机软件设计.最后通过实际测试对系统的功能性进行了验证.     

二维核磁测井仪脉冲序列发生器的设计与实现

本文对二维核磁共振测井仪脉冲序列发生器电路进行了研究与设计,采用DSP＋FPGA＋DDS的硬件设计结构,成功实现了二维核磁共振测井仪所需要的DE脉冲序列和各种控制信号。实验室高温试验结果表明,本电路产生的脉冲序列时间控制精度高、可以根据需要灵活配置适应各种不同测井模式需要,具有结构简单,工作稳定的特点。     

基于Atmega16单片机的重物提升控制系统设计——主、从机之间的通讯

为了实现对重物提升的精确控制,设计中选择了以Atmegal6单片机为核心的控制系统。根据控制要求,提出了实施以单片机主、从结构的控制方式,重点介绍了主、从结构单片机控制的硬件电路以及主、从机之间通讯的软件程序。     

PLC控制系统在制糖工业中的抗干扰措施

针对PLC控制系统中的干扰问题进行一系列的抗干扰设计,如优质电源的选用、电路的硬件隔离措施、电缆的合理布局、正确的接地方法以及采用软件手段补充硬件抗干扰措施的不足,从而提高PLC控制系统的抗干扰能力,保证制糖工业设备安全高效运行.     

平均电流型APFC电路设计与实现

平均电流控制升压型APFC电路是目前应用最广泛的有源功率因素校正电路。文章从电路原理、主要参数计算、硬件电路设计三个方面,对平均电流型APFC电路进行了阐述,并对电路设计进行了实验验证。结果表明,该电路对功率因素的控制有显著效果,可以满足设计要求。     

低成本送经电机专用变频电源的设计

针对喷气织机和喷水织机的送经电机的需要,利用SA4828芯片设计了一种低成本智能型变频器,并对其主要硬件电路、工作原理和控制方案进行了描述,给出了相关电路参数的设计原则.试验结果表明,所研制的变压变频电源满足了送经电机电源的技术要求,并且大大降低了使用通用变频器的成本,具有良好的市场前景.     

电子式电流互感器数据采集系统的设计

以STM32F107RB微控制器为控制核心,采用无源支柱式方案,设计了电子式电流互感器数据采集系统,该系统将信号通过电缆传至低压侧,以提高电子电路部分可靠性;根据多通道数据采集的思想,放大器采用集成芯片LMP2014MT对小信号进行不同增益的放大,以减小AD转换的量化误差,提高采集精度;硬件设计采用功能强大的STM32控制AD转换,传送信号至合并单元.该系统简化了采集器电子电路,在提高精度的同时增强了电路稳定性.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.