嵌织型抗静电织物的机理与设计

介绍了织物抗静电的方法和嵌织型织物的结构形态,并分析了嵌织有机导电纤维的抗静电织物的抗静电机理,在设计这种抗静电织物时导电纤维的选用原则以及组织的设计方法和在织造、后整理时应注意的问题。     

碳黑型导电纤维在混纺毛织物中的应用

将碳黑型导电纤维长丝作为纬纱嵌织入精纺毛/涤织物中,通过改变导电丝间距、织物结构,测试其各项参数,分析导电纤维在不同织物结构中对织物抗静电性能的影响。不同结构织物经过不同次数的洗涤之后,测试其电学性能,探讨洗涤次数对织物抗静电性能的影响。通过分析得出:导电纤维在织物中含量越多,织物的抗静电能力就越好;织物的抗静电性能并未随组织中浮长线的增减呈现有规律的变化;不同方法在测试织物抗静电性能上具有统一性;随着洗涤次数的增加,织物的抗静电性能呈现先增强后减弱的趋势。     

镀银纤维分布对纬平针织物抗静电性能的影响

通过对镀银纤维纬平针织物静电性能的测试与分析,探讨了镀银纤维含量及其在织物中的分布对织物静电性能的影响.结果表明,织物抗静电性随着织物中镀银纤维含量的增加而增强,但会受到嵌织非功能性纱线的影响;非功性纱线的织入会在织物中形成静电积聚区,织物的静电性能取决于静电积聚区的大小和功能纱线的抗静电性能;非功能性纱线的织入会恶化由于镀银纤维在纱线中分布的不均匀性造成的织物静电性能的均匀性;在采用低混纺比抗静电功能纱线织造抗静电织物时,不应嵌织非抗静电纱线.     

几种功能性纺织品加工整理方法

1 静电织物获得抗静电织物的方法主要有嵌织导电纤维法和织物表面整理法。采用嵌织导电纤维(与金属丝共织)的方法可增强织物的抗静电性,而且效果持久,同时还能改善织物的吸湿性以及防污性等;织物表面整理法是对合成纤维织物进行抗静电树脂整理,这些抗静电剂覆盖在织物表面,通过吸湿增加纤维的导电性能。2 防水透湿织物防水透湿织物的开发主要有高密度织造、织物涂层和微孔薄膜层压复合3种方法,其中以聚四氟乙烯防水透湿层压复合加工最为典型。由于聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜具有一定的接触角和微孔半径,故有一定的耐水压和透湿性能,采用双向拉…     

毛/丝/涤混梳哔叽抗静电性能的设计研究

针对精梳毛纺4种同规格、不同比例的毛/丝/涤、毛涤轻薄型混梳哔叽产品,进行了低比例抗静电纤维与羊毛、蚕丝、涤纶等原料的配毛设计实验和探讨,选用织物表面比电阻测试法、静电性能静电压半衰期测试法、织物摩擦带电电压测试法和织物摩擦带电电荷密度等4种方法对产品的抗静电性能进行了测试分析对比,得出了配入0.5%低比例有机导电纤维就可以在满足轻薄毛织物风格的前提下,达到其成品抗静电要求,提高产品功能性的结论;并通过比较现有及新启用的国家标准和行业标准,认为电荷面密度法是测试含导电纤维织物抗静电性能较适宜的方法.     

导电丝嵌织型织物防静电性能影响因素评述

研究导电丝嵌织型织物防静电性能的影响因素。分析了有机导电纤维种类、导电丝基材、导电纱的成纱结构、导电纱与织物的结合方式、织物组织结构、织物单位面积质量及厚度这几方面对织物防静电性能的影响。实践经验表明:有机导电纤维种类和导电丝基材对有机导电纤维导电性有显著影响;导电纱成纱结构和与织物的结合方式以及织物组织、单位面积质量和厚度都对织物防静电性具有较显著影响。认为在具体生产中必须综合考虑以上各因素,并结合防静电织物后道加工、使用及交货要求进行防静电织物的设计生产。     

镀银纤维含量与分布对织物静电性能的影响

探讨镀银纤维含量及其在织物中的分布对织物静电性能的影响。通过测试和分析不同镀银纤维含量和分布的平纹织物电荷面密度,结果表明:随着镀银纤维含量的增加电荷面密度减小,但其变化趋势会受到间隔嵌织非功能性纱线的影响;非功能性纱线的织入会在织物中形成静电积聚区,织物的静电性能取决于静电积聚区的大小和功能纱线的防静电性能;非功能纱线的织入会恶化由于镀银纤维在纱线中分布的不均匀性造成的织物静电性能的不均匀性;与赛络菲尔纱织物和长丝交织织物相比,短纤混纺织物具有更好的防静电效果。     

防静电织物的开发生产实践

文章介绍了开发防静电织物的纤维原料选择、嵌织方法和织物组织规格,探讨防静电织物生产技术要点,成功开发出两种组织规格的嵌织导电纱防静电织物。     

嵌织式防静电涤纶过滤布的设计与开发

通过对静电产生机理的研究,指出过滤布上存在静电的危害性,采用嵌织导电丝的方法设计开发了抗静电过滤布。依照标准GB/T 12703-91测定电荷面密度,对所开发的样品进行了检验。研究了防静电过滤布中导电纤维的间隔距离和导电纤维的含量与织物的抗静电性能的关系,通过计算机曲线模拟,求出变量之间的回归曲线方程,根据织物的允许电荷面密度计算出导电丝的理论间距和理论含量。在实际生产中可以根据产品应用作适当调整。     

缝纫工艺参数对防静电织物的性能影响

为探究缝纫工艺参数对防静电织物静电压半衰期的影响,以嵌织导电纤维织物为研究对象,选取缝纫针针号、缝纫线种类、缝型、缝纫线细度、线迹密度5个缝纫工艺因素,各因素设定3个水平,设计正交实验方案,对不同缝纫工艺条件下织物的防静电性能进行测试和分析.结果表明:除线迹密度外,其余缝纫工艺参数对织物防静电性能均有显著影响,影响程度...     

Polypyrrole based electro-conductive textiles for heat generation

This work deals with the preparation and characterization of electrically conductive textiles for heat generation. Needlepunched nonwoven, spunlace nonwoven, and woven fabrics, all made of 100% polyester fibers, were made electrically conductive by in situ chemical polymerization of pyrrole with p-toluene sulfonic acid dopant. Alkali hydrolysis of polyester fabrics was done before in situ polymerization for better fixation of polypyrrole on polyester. The average surface resistivities were found to be 1013.08, 1099.72, and 1434.12?Ω/□, respectively, for needlepunched, spunlace, and woven fabrics. The electro-conductive fabrics displayed exponential rise of surface temperature on application of voltage and the rise of temperature was found to be related to the time duration of applied voltage. The electro-conductive fabrics exhibited linear voltage–current relationship at low voltage range. The surface resistivity of the electro-conductive fabrics was increased substantially on prolong exposure to atmosphere.     

Predictive model for the frictional characteristics of woven fabrics optimized by the genetic algorithm

Surface friction of fabrics is one of the prominent tactile properties which influence the comfort and application of clothes. In this paper, a new approach is proposed to characterize the surface friction of woven fabrics by presenting a model based on fabric structural parameters. The model coefficients are optimized with the aid of the genetic algorithm, using the experimental friction results obtained from the multi-directional tactile sensing mechanism. The model is developed using the properties of 25 groups of woven fabrics consisting of 5 various weave structures and 5 different weft densities, with similar fibre composition. The statistical analysis of Friction results clarified that the effect of fabric structural parameters such as weave structure and weft density is significant in the confidence range of 95%. The importance of proposing the friction model is that the frictional properties of woven fabrics can be estimated by considering the structural parameters of woven fabrics. This model can be utilized for the forecasting of the friction resistance of various types of woven fabrics without experimental testing procedures.     

多巴胺-碳纳米管对羊毛织物复合抗静电整理

文中分析了羊毛织物的静电问题,并采用多巴胺原位聚合使纤维表面覆盖一层亲水性的多巴胺薄膜,通过多巴胺负载碳纳米管使毛织物达到抗静电效果。并对整理前后羊毛织物的结构和抗静电性能进行表征。结果表明,在含水率低于6%时毛织物存在静电问题,通过多巴胺-碳纳米管复合整理能够达到抗静电目标,多巴胺整理的毛织物使摩擦电压降低,最大降低4000.0 V,碳纳米管浓度增加抗静电性能逐渐提高,其中5 g/L多巴胺负载15 g/L碳纳米管时抗静电性能最好,摩擦电压和静电压衰减时间分别为91.0 V和1.86 s;多巴胺-碳纳米管复合整理毛织物有较好的耐水洗牢度,毛织物经过12次水洗后,摩擦电压和静电压半衰期趋于稳定。     

Influence of graphene oxide concentration and dipping cycles on electrical conductivity of coated cotton textiles

The electrical conductivity of cotton fabrics is enhanced by coating with graphene in aqueous phase by a suitable process. Two different types of fabrics viz. woven and knitted structures of same GSM are used as substrate. The fabrics are dipped in dispersed graphene oxide (GO) solution and then GO-enriched fabric samples are subjected to a reduction process for in-situ conversion of the added GO to electro-conductive graphene. The concentration of GO solution and number of dipping cycles influence the graphene add-on and electrical resistivity of the fabrics. The change in surface resistivity, thickness, air permeability, porosity and water vapour permeability of the fabrics after the treatment has been evaluated. Comparisons have been made between the woven and knitted fabrics for all these properties to understand the effect of fabric structure.     

有机棉针织面料服用性能研究

通过测试和分析有机棉针织面料和其他原料针织面料的主要服用性能,认为有机棉针织面料的抗起毛起球性、顶破强力、耐磨性均较棉针织面料差;而有机棉／氨纶面料的上述性能均好于有机棉面料;有机棉和棉针织面料的透气性能接近。建议在有机棉产品的开发中一方面要筛选和培育优良的有机棉纤维品种;另一方面要应用纱线、组织变化,交织、后整理等工艺的变化,来改善有机棉针织面料的各项服用性能。     

基于芳纶平纹织物微观几何结构的纱线抽拔力学性能分析

为研究芳纶平纹织物纱线抽拔力学性能及各参数的影响规律,建立纱线抽拔数学模型,为后续数值模型提供理论基础.采用数字单元法模拟芳纶平纹织物织造过程,获得其微观几何模型,并计算得出纱线轮廓.在此基础上,使用ABAQUS模拟单纱抽拔过程,建立纱线厚度方向单层网格划分准则和纱线材料属性,获得横向预紧力、纱线间摩擦因数对纱线抽拔力...     

2.5维机织复合材料的几何结构模型与验证

为验证2.5维机织复合材料结构与其力学性能的关系,基于对材料断面显微照片的观察和分析,假定纤维束截面为为跑道形,建立了2.5维机织复合材料的单元结构模型。借助模型推导出纱线在几种典型结构（浅交弯联、浅交直联、深角联）的单元体结构内的纱线长度、接结经的取向角和纤维体积分数,并对材料进行拉伸、压缩性能预测。制作了满足要求的2.5维机织复合材料实验件并对其进行力学性能测试,通过试验值和预测值的对比,验证几何模型的正确性。     

有机导电短纤维混纺纱的导电和抗静电性能

为研究有机导电短纤维对面料抗静电性能的影响,用不同纺纱方法将不同比例的有机导电短纤维分别与涤纶和棉混纺,并对其面料的导电性能进行研究和评价。结果发现：在导电纤维含量相同的情况下,环锭纱的导电性能好于转杯纱;有机导电纤维的含量为4％左右时,面料的比表面积电阻降低到107~109 Ω/cm2之间,可以满足抗静电的要求,进一步提高含量不仅增加成本,而且对面料的服用性能会有影响,对抗静电性能没有实际意义;小比例有机导电纤维对混纺纱线的强力和断裂伸长等物理指标无明显影响。     

含湿状态下组织结构对织物热舒适性的影响

为比较不同组织结构的织物在含湿状态下的热舒适性能,用KES织物风格仪测试了在一定含湿状态下涤纶针织物、机织物的热舒适性能。结果表明:织物含水率越高,瞬间冷感越强,热传导性能提高,保暖性能下降;在含湿率相同的状态下,涤纶机织物比针织物瞬间冷感更强;编织方法对导热系数随含湿率变化的规律没影响;涤纶机织物、针织物在纯干燥状态下的保暖性相差无几,但加湿后2种织物保暖性能差别显著。通过综合分析比较,认为涤纶针织物保暖性好于涤纶机织物。     

Investigation of the relation between surface roughness and friction properties of polyester fabrics after abrasion

This paper focused on the investigation of surface roughness and friction properties of polyester fabrics after abrasion. Experiments were performed on polyester woven fabrics produced from the same yarns in warp and weft directions but with different constructional properties. Surface roughness parameters of amplitude, spacing and hybrid, along with static and kinetic coefficients of friction were measured before and after multiple abrasion cycles. Abrasion was used in order to change the surface characteristic (peak and valley heights and depths and their distributions) in such a way by forming ruptured fiber ends under the control of abrasion. Measurements were made along warp, weft, and diagonal directions. The results showed that roughness parameters decreased numerically as abrasion cycles increased and as ruptured fiber ends formed. Static and kinetic coefficients of friction changed in different manners when measurements were performed along warp and weft directions. It was concluded that initial and resultant peak heights and valley depths together with their distribution on fabric surface govern roughness and friction properties of surfaces in opposite ways. Roughness parameters of skewness and kurtosis could be further considered in the research of friction properties of textile surfaces.