黑液提取与黑液热处理

麦草浆黑液的高粘度低提取率给黑液碱回收各工序造成很大的障碍 ,搞好碱回收的关键就是搞好黑液提取。主要介绍了麦草浆黑液提取及黑液热处理的一些主要影响因素     

黑液的热处理改性

植物纤维原料中，有部分木素与部分半纤维素的碳水化合物以化学键联接，形成术素－碳水化合物复合体（Lignin－CarbohydrateComplexes人在制浆过程中，这种复合体有相当部分溶于黑液中，影响黑液性质，增高黑液粘度，对碱回收极为不利．瑞典NLK－Celpap工程公司研究了对木浆黑液加热来降低粘度的方法，即将黑液在压力下加热至180℃数分钟，热处理的黑液要求含有一定的成浓。印度制浆造纸研究院进行了蔗渣黑液的热处理，发现高分子量的木素一碳水化合物复合体是使蔗渣黑液粘度增高的主要因素之一。蔗渣黑液经热处理后，使木素一半纤维素复…     

麦草浆黑液中LCC组分及黑液热解处理研究

从麦草浆黑液中分离并鉴别LCC组分,指出麦草浆黑液LCC含量要比马尾松浆黑液高5.35倍,证实LCC是麦草浆黑液高粘度和低燃烧膨胀性的主要原因之一。采用原料高温蒸煮和黑液高温裂解的热处理工艺,可以使麦草浆黑液LCC含量降到拉近马尾松浆黑液的含量,粘度降低40%左右,VIE值提高3倍左右,但仍明显差于马尾松浆黑液。本文还比较了两种处理工艺的优劣。     

黑液超浓缩技术及其应用

从20世纪80年代开始,黑液蒸发增浓技术的主要进展方向是谋求70%以上浓度黑液.进入90年代后,随着黑液结晶蒸发技术和热处理技术(黑液的热裂解技术)的发展成熟,许多公司开始生产80%以上浓度的黑液.我公司采用了黑液结晶蒸发技术,生产的黑液浓度:针叶木为76%,阔叶木为73%.以下重点描述黑液结晶增浓技术的运用.     

黑液加热处理—改善非木材纤维黑液的蒸发和燃烧性能

讨论了黑液加热处理对芦苇硫酸盐浆和麦草碱法浆黑液的影响。试验采用工厂的黑液，黑液热处理有效地降低了这两种黑液的粘度，在相同２００ｍＰａｓ的粘度值，处理后的芦苇硫酸盐浆黑液固形物含量增加了约１０％，而麦草碱黑液增加了近１５％。增加黑液固形物含量可明显提高碱回收锅炉的生产效率，根据计算的结果，锅炉生产能力可增加１３％。     

凹土处理造纸黑液的技术研究

讨论了凹凸棒土的热处理改性方法,利用改性凹凸棒土对造纸黑液进行吸附脱色和降低COD性能研究,考察了改性温度,PH值、凹凸棒土投加量、吸附时间等因素的影响.结果表明改性凹凸棒土对造纸黑液CODCr和色度有较好的去除能力,具有工业应用前景.     

麦草浆黑液加热处理

根据已有的经验，麦草浆黑液的浓度超过40％后，由于粘度的迅速升,设置为液流送困难，蒸发效率低，蒸发器易结垢，造成碱困难，黑液粘度主要是由黑液中长分子链间的相互交织和大分子间的摩擦作用决定，能降解这些大分子物质，使长分子链被打断，黑液的粘度就会显著降低，为了克服黑液粘度造成的困难，芬兰奥斯龙公司于1985年开发了一种黑液有机大分子热裂解的方法，其原理是基于大量的木素和半纤维素分子的热裂解作用，将黑液加热并尽可能长时间地处于高温下，有机物大分子的热裂解作用使黑液粘度不可逆地降低，黑液热处理对麦草浆黑液的粘度改善非常明显，使草浆黑液蒸发到65％以上的浓度成为可能。     

造纸黑液热解机理研究进展

介绍了国内外关于黑液热解机理方面的研究,包括动力学实验与模型研究,黑液中各种有机组分对热解气体、焦油、焦炭产物形成的贡献,以及硫和钠两种重要过程元素在黑液热解过程的热化学行为.对黑液热解研究方向提出了建议.     

造纸黑液热解机理研究进展

介绍了国内外关于黑液热解机理方面的研究,包括动力学实验与模型研究,黑液中各种有机组分对热解气体、焦油、焦炭产物彤成的贞献,以及硫和钠两种重要过程元素在黑液热解过程的热化学行为.对黑液热解研究方向提出了建议.     

制浆黑液燃烧特性实验研究进展

国内外学者对制浆黑液的燃烧特性进行了大量研究,取得了一系列研究成果,但这些成果大都侧重于对黑液某个方面的燃烧特性,缺少系统和全面的研究分析。本文通过分析和梳理黑液液滴燃烧实验的研究成果,对黑液膨胀特性、燃烧过程、热解特性、烟雾生成机理和碱灰沉积特性等进行了介绍,较全面阐释了黑液燃烧的化学反应机理。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.