新食品原料菊粉在面制品中的应用

菊粉是我国卫生部批准的一种新食品原料,它是存在于多种植物中的储备性多糖。菊粉所具有的营养价值和物理化学属性,使其已经越来越多地被当作一种多功能配料来代替脂肪、糖或是充当膳食纤维来加工功能性食品。菊粉与面粉有着相似的粉体特性,将菊粉添加入面粉中,可增加产品的膳食纤维含量,产品品质也得到改善。     

新型脂肪替代品——代脂菊粉

<正> 标准的菊苣菊粉含有92％,菊粉和8％糖类(包括果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖)。标准菊粉平均的聚合度为10,而由ORAFTI公司开发生产的RAFTILINE HP的聚合度大约为25,因此能在代脂和食品组织化的应用中提供更理想的技术特性。 代脂作用 菊粉具有胶凝能力。菊粉凝胶的结构是由不溶于水的亚微菊粉颗粒立体三维     

改进钙吸收的强化菊粉

<正> 科学报道发现,ORAFTI公司推出的新型强化菊粉产品RAFTILOSE(?) Synergyl,能提高钙吸收接近20%,有助于改善人体健康,也标志着具有营养价值的配料市场向前迈进了一大步。 菊粉的结构 基本上,菊粉是从菊苣根部提取而成,是多糖和低聚糖的混合物。而低聚果糖是以菊粉部分酶水解所得,因而具有菊粉一样的化学结构,但其     

响应面设计优化复合酶法提取菊苣菊粉工艺研究

以菊苣根为原料,采用果胶酶和纤维素酶复合法提取菊粉。在单因素的基础上,选取料液比、温度、时间、p H为自变量,以菊粉提取率为响应值,通过Box-Behnken响应面实验设计对其提取工艺参数进行优化。结果显示复合酶法提取菊苣菊粉最优工艺为:料液比1∶8g/m L,提取温度60℃,提取时间2.5h,提取p H6.0,复合酶配比为1∶2的条件下,菊粉提取率可达到54.63%。与热水浸提法相比,提取率高出64.10%。     

菊粉研究的回顾与展望

菊粉作为一种天然功能性食品配料,已在欧美国家得到了广泛应用。近几年,中国的菊粉市场逐渐兴起。文中综述了菊粉的来源、理化性质和生理功能;介绍了菊粉在食品工业中的应用情况及其安全性评价;对比分析了菊粉在国内国外的生产加工情况;展望了菊粉的发展前景。     

来自比利时的健康元Orafti葡粉和聚果糖

比利时Orafti公司隶属于Sudzucker集团,集团总部位于德国。Sudzucker的年销售额超过60亿欧元,是欧洲最大的配料公司之一。目前Orafti已在全球70多个国家和地区建立了很好的销售网络。Orafti是世界上第一家生产菊粉,低聚果糖的公司,迄今为止生产量及销量占世界第一。菊粉和低聚果糖通过热水抽提的方式从植物菊苣中得到。通过与科研机构进行人体或动物实验,证明菊粉和低聚果糖能极大地改善肠道健康。我们的消费者调查也显示菊粉和低聚果糖能让人身体感觉舒适。他们的功能如下:菊粉和低聚果糖中的β(2-1键)不会被人体消化道上酶分解,所以是一…     

菊粉在植物蛋白饮料中的应用

菊粉是一种功能性食品配料,本文主要介绍了菊粉在植物蛋白饮料中的应用。     

低聚果糖在各国的法规发展历程

<正>低聚果糖(Fructooligosaccharides,简称FOS),也称蔗果低聚糖或果寡糖,广泛存在于自然界中,如菊苣、菊芋、大蒜、洋葱、雪莲果、牛蒡属植物、朝鲜蓟、香葱、香蕉、燕麦、小麦、黑麦、蜂蜜、芦笋等。由于地域和生活习惯的差异,根据低聚果糖的原料和生产工艺不同,低聚果糖分为两种:菊苣来源的菊苣低聚果糖和蔗糖来源的蔗糖低聚果糖。低聚果糖作为优秀的功能健康食品和安全的食品配料,在世界范围内具有极高的市场认可度,被广泛应用于乳制品、保健食品、饮料、糖果、烘焙等食品行业中。     

水溶性膳食纤维水苏糖的研究概况及应用现状

膳食纤维是一类崭新的食品配料和活性成分,GB／T500988-2008标准中将膳食纤维定义为：植物的可食部分,不能被人体小肠消化吸收,对人体有健康意义,聚合度≥3的碳水化合物和木质素,包括纤维素、半纤维素,果胶、菊粉等。科学研究业已证实,     

菊粉生物活性的研究进展

菊粉是一种不易被人体消化的碳水化合物,可从3600多种植物中提取。美国食品药品监督管理局批准菊粉用于提高食品的营养价值,因而菊粉已用于脂肪替代品、质地调节剂和功能性食品的开发。菊粉具有益生元特性,即促进双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌等有益菌增繁,同时对宿主基因、肠道局部和全身代谢产生影响。目前研究发现菊粉在养生保健和治疗疾病方面具有多种生物活性,已经开发有相关的人类保健食品和动物饲料添加剂产品。本研究进一步概述菊粉的抗氧化、抗衰老、抗疲劳、免疫调节等多种活性,同时分析菊粉在新型保健食品和饲料添加剂方面的产品开发情况,为更深入地研究菊粉生物活性及产品深加工提供新思路,便于为菊粉后续开发和利用提供深层次的理论依据。     

Kinetic Study of Thermally Induced Inulin Gel

ABSTRACT: Heated inulin solution undergoes a sol-gel transition during cooling and forms a white smooth gel under optimized conditions. The degree of gel formation is negatively related to hydrolysis of inulin during heating. Heating makes inulin soluble; overheating causes hydrolysis of dissolved inulin into smaller molecules. Using a 2-step model including a solubilization step and a hydrolysis of inulin step, we found that both steps follow pseudo first-order kinetics. Separate studies on initial rates of the solubilization and hydrolysis of inulin steps at constant temperatures show that the solubilization rate of inulin is much faster than that of the hydrolysis of inulin. Gel formation of inulin may be related to the average chain length of inulin after heating.     

不同聚合度菊粉的吸附特性

为了研究菊粉聚合度不同对其吸附特性的影响规律,以天然和长链菊粉为原料,采用离心法与静态吸附法对菊粉的吸油特性、吸湿特性和水合性能进行分析。结果发现,天然菊粉对植物油脂的吸附量在30℃时达到最大值1.17 g/g,对动物油脂的吸附量在50℃时达最大值1.04 g/g;温度对天然菊粉吸附油脂量的影响比长链菊粉显著,随温度升高天然菊粉吸附油脂量呈显著下降趋势。天然菊粉的吸湿性比长链菊粉强,随温度的升高,两类菊粉的吸湿率和溶解度都增加,但持水性和膨胀度均呈先升高后下降的趋势,长链菊粉出现最大值时所对应的温度比天然菊粉高20~30℃。     

菊粉酸降解动力学研究

通过考察温度、溶液pH值及水分含量对菊粉酸降解的影响,探索菊粉酸水解规律。结果表明:菊粉水溶液在pH 5.0～7.0、温度低于100℃时具有良好的稳定性;但当pH值低于4.0时,菊粉出现明显的水解反应。菊粉溶液在不同温度和pH值下的酸降解动力学表明,其水解反应遵循一级反应动力学方程。利用菊粉凝胶特性考察水分含量与菊粉酸降解的关系,发现相同pH值(pH=3)条件下,水分含量越高,菊粉降解速率越快,凝胶中菊粉降解速率低于菊粉水溶液降解速率。     

菊糖衍生物的制备、表征、功能及应用研究进展

基于菊糖的高生物相容性、灵活性以及益生元等特点,制备菊糖的衍生物并拓展其应用范围一直是近年来的研究热点。本文主要综述了菊糖的衍生化方法、结构特征、生物活性和潜在的应用价值。目前,菊糖的衍生化方式可分为三种,即将功能基团、生物活性分子或生物大分子嫁接到菊糖上。衍生物的结构可以通过多种仪器分析方法来表征。衍生化能极大地改变菊糖的理化性质和生物活性。相比于天然菊糖,菊糖衍生物具有更高的抗氧化性、抗炎和抗癌等生物活性。此外,菊糖衍生物还可作为乳化剂、包埋材料、包衣材料以及荧光标记物载体,在众多领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Effects of cross-linked inulin with different polymerisation degrees on physicochemical and sensory properties of set-style yoghurt

This work investigated effects of cross-linked inulin with different degrees of polymerisation (DP, average = 7 and 15) on physicochemical and sensory properties of set-style yoghurt. Compared with set-style yoghurt made with native inulin (average DP = 4 and 11), yoghurts with cross-linked inulin had higher acidity and lower syneresis values, with a shelf-life of 14 days. Supplementation of cross-linked inulin with higher DP resulted in enhanced firmness and adhesiveness of yoghurts. In addition, bacterial counts showed that yoghurts with cross-linked inulin exhibited longer retention of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus cell viability than that with native inulin. Sensory evaluation indicated that yoghurt with cross-linked long-chain inulin received higher scores for overall acceptability than other samples. However, different types of inulin did not significantly affect odour and colour of set-style yoghurt. Consequently, cross-linked inulin prepared can be exploited as a prebiotic to prolong shelf-life of yoghurt.     

Storage stability of starch-based dairy desserts containing long-chain inulin: Rheology and particle size distribution

Variations in the rheological properties and particle size distribution in dairy desserts containing long-chain inulin during storage were studied. While control samples without inulin proved stable, rheological properties of desserts containing 7.5% inulin changed gradually during storage time. There was a progressive aggregation of inulin crystals in the continuous phase, thereby increasing the effective fraction volume and leading to a more thixotropic, consistent, pseudoplastic and elastic system. These time-course effects were greater in the case of skimmed-milk sample than for the whole-milk sample. Depending on the type of milk, different sized inulin aggregates were formed during storage time, and indicated that the presence of fat hindered the formation of large inulin aggregates.     

短链菊粉对中筋粉面团流变学特性的影响

研究了短链菊粉添加到中筋面粉后,对面团粉质特性和拉伸特性的影响。试验采用粉质仪和拉伸仪分别测定了不同菊粉添加量(0.0%、2.5%、5.0%、7.5%)下面团的各项流变学指标的变化。试验发现,面团的吸水率随菊粉添加量的增加而下降,当菊粉添加量为7.5%时,面团吸水率达42.57%,较未添加时相对降低了21.8%;面团的形成时间在菊粉添加量为2.5%时达最大值,为7.9 min,相对增加了22.1%;面团的稳定时间随菊粉添加量的增加呈延长趋势,当菊粉添加量7.5%时,稳定时间为19.3 min,相对增加了109.5%;面团的延伸度在菊粉添加量为2.5%时达最大值;面团的抗延伸性、拉伸比和拉伸能量均随菊粉添加量的增加而增大,菊粉添加量为7.5%时,发酵45 min后测得其值分别为652 EU、4.50、186 cm2,相对增加了75.8%、68.5%、104.0%。结果表明,在中筋粉中加入适量的短链菊粉能够增强面筋强度,但降低了面团吸水率。     

Replacement of fat with long-chain inulin in a fresh cheese made from caprine milk

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the replacement of fat with long-chain inulin on textural and microstructural properties of a fresh caprine milk cheese. All the samples contained the same level of total solids (about 22%, w/w) and substitution of fat with inulin at levels from 2% to 7%. Penetrometry parameters were affected by the levels of replacement of fat with inulin; samples containing inulin were characterised by lower values of compressive force, stiffness, viscosity and adhesiveness (except for the sample with 2% fat substitution). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the positioning of inulin within the gel interrupted the casein/fat network. In conclusion, the rheological results were dependent on the arrangement of inulin within the protein/fat network and, in particular, as shown by SEM images, on the aggregation of inulin during cheese-making.     

The effect of co-encapsulation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 with inulin on alginate/chitosan matrix: the viability in fermented soy blend and simulated digestive system

This research verified the ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus encapsulated with inulin to tolerate the simulated digestive system and their viability in a soy blend. Probiotic encapsulated in alginate-chitosan matrix without inulin presented a better encapsulation efficiency (80.92%) than encapsulation with inulin (57.39%). On the 28th day, the count of probiotics decreased by 3.42 and 1.99 logarithmic cycles of free and encapsulated cells without inulin, respectively. In contrast, the microorganisms encapsulated with inulin showed an increase of 1.26 logs CFU g⁻¹. During gastrointestinal simulation, cell counts decreased by 0.78, 1.55 and 1.95 CFU g⁻¹ logs for encapsulated cells without inulin, free and encapsulated with inulin, respectively. Sensory panellists liked the fermented soy blend with encapsulated lactobacilli, and this result shows the possibility to create new probiotic foods of plant origin. Therefore, the alginate/chitosan matrix can be considered adequate for the encapsulation of L. rhamnosus. The inulin reduces the encapsulation efficiency and increases the cell loss in gastrointestinal simulation. Considering cellular losses, the best option for preparing a fermented soy blend is to use L. rhamnosus encapsulated without inulin.