大豆蛋白制品对面包品质影响研究

主要研究添加不同大豆蛋白制品对面包品质影响,包括面包吸水能力、面包体积、感观、及面包质 构等变化,同时研究乳化剂对这种影响消除作用。研究表明:添加大豆蛋白能提高面包吸水能力,延缓面 包老化,但会影响面包体积变小、感观变差,添加CSL、SSL、DMG能消除大豆制品对面包不利影响。     

大豆蛋白水解物对面包体外抗氧化及品质特性的影响

研究了不同添加量(质量分数1%、2%、3%)的大豆蛋白水解物对面包抗氧化和品质特性的影响,测定了面包提取物的自由基清除能力、Fe2+螯合能力以及面包的质构特性、色度和感官品质。结果表明:大豆蛋白水解物能够增加面包提取物的抗氧化活性;显著降低面包硬度和咀嚼性,但面包的弹性和内聚性没有显著差异;还能够显著降低面包皮的L*值、增加面包皮的a*值,提高面包屑的a*值和b*值。同时能降低面包的硬化速度,增加面包的风味、柔软性、咀嚼性及总体可接受性。     

大豆制品对面包品质影响的研究

研究了添加不同大豆制品对面包品质的影响,包括面包吸水能力、面包体积、感官以及面包质构等的变化,同时研究了乳化剂对这种影响的消除作用。研究表明,大豆蛋白的添加提高了面包的吸水,延缓面包的老化,但会影响面包的体积变小、感官变差上,CSL、SSL、DMG的添加能消除大豆制品对面包的不利影响。     

利用大豆蛋白生产强化主食品

现在世界不少国家越来越多地把大豆蛋白应用到主食品、特别是儿童青少年的主食品中,生产出各种各样强化的面包、饼干、挂面、快餐面以及糕点等.据统计,1980年美国和日本仅添加粉状大豆蛋白的食品就有150种左右.我国大豆等植物性蛋白来源丰富,过去脱脂豆粕多作饲料,现在有些省市除已生产组织状大豆蛋白以     

大豆蛋白在面包中的应用研究

通过焙烤实验,研究比较了大豆蛋白对面包焙烤质量的影响。结果表明:普通大豆蛋白在4%的用量下,对面包品质就有不良作用;但改性后的面包专用大豆蛋白粉(MSPF)的用量在8%,也表现出良好的作用。     

大豆制品对面包品质影响的研究

主要研究了添加不同大豆制品对面包品质的影响 ,包括面包吸水能力、面包体积、感观品质以及面包质构等的变化 ,同时研究了乳化剂对这种影响的消除作用。研究表明 :大豆蛋白的添加能提高面包的吸水能力 ,延缓面包的老化 ,但会使面包的体积变小、感观变差 ,硬脂酰乳酸钙 (CSL)、硬脂酰乳酸钠 (SSL)、分子蒸馏单甘脂 (DMG)的添加能消除大豆制品对面包的不利影响     

大豆蛋白及其在面制品中的应用

大豆蛋白富含8种人体必需氨基酸且不含胆固醇,具有动物蛋白不可比拟的功能特性。面制品的氨基酸平衡特性较差,在加工过程中适量加入大豆蛋白,既能提高面制品的营养价值,又可以在一定程度上改善其品质。阐述了大豆蛋白在馒头、面包、面条等面制品中的应用,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

营养强化预配粉的研究

本文针对我国人民蛋白质和钙摄取不足的现状，探讨了采用在我国北方人民的主食面粉中强化钙、蛋白质和纤维素的品种、数量对制作面包的感官和理化指标的影响，并且提出了强化的最佳配方：每Kg面粉强化11．8g乳配钙为最佳钙强化配方:每Kg面粉强化4％大豆蛋白、5％麦麸纤维素、1％添加剂为最佳配方。     

营养强化预配粉的研究

本文针对我国人民蛋白质和钙摄取不足的现状，探讨了采用在我国北方人民的主食面粉中强化钙、蛋白质和纤维素的品种、数量对创作面包的感官和理化指标的影响，并且提出了强化的五佳配方：每Kg面粉强化11．8g乳酸钙为最佳钙强化配方：每Kg面粉强化4％大豆蛋白、5％麦麸纤维素、1％添加剂为最佳配方。     

原辅料及其加工工艺对面包品质影响的研究

本试验讨论了采用不同的面粉、压面工艺和分离大豆蛋白对面包品质的影响。     

大豆分离蛋白粉对面团流变学特性和馒头品质的影响研究

将大豆分离蛋白粉作为一种食品添加剂添加到小麦粉中,研究其对面团流变学特性和馒头品质的影响。实验结果得出,在小麦粉中添加大豆分离蛋白粉,可以明显地改善面团的稳定时间以及拉伸曲线面积和拉伸阻力。另外还可以提高馒头的品质,当在小麦粉中添加3%的大豆分离蛋白粉时,其对馒头品质有较好的改善作用。     

Effect of fortification of defatted soy flour on sensory and rheological properties of wheat bread

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of soy-fortified bread on the sensory and rheological properties. Ground defatted soy flour was blended with wheat flour at 3%, 7% and 12%. The organoleptic characteristics of soy-fortified wheat breads were carried out by taste panel. The effect of this fortification on the rheological properties of the resulting dough was investigated using farinograph and extensograph for quality assessment of the final product. The ash and protein contents of 3% and 7% wheat–soy bread blends increased compared with control. The results revealed that organoleptic characteristics score such as bendability, appearance, flavour and taste, crust texture and overall acceptability properties of bread containing 3% defatted soy flour was highest even though it is not significantly different. Therefore, we conclude that adding 3% or 7% defatted soy flour actually gives as good a loaf of bread as the 100% wheat bread with higher nutritional quality and acceptable consumer attitude with rheological and sensory characteristics.     

Soybean Flour Lipoxygenase lsozyme Mutant Effects on Bread Dough Volatiles

Lipoxygenases are implicated in improvement of bread quality after addition of enzyme active soy flour. However, differences among the three major isozymes in soybeans in terms of impact on bread characteristics are not known. Differences exist among soybean lipoxygenase isozymes in terms of stability and generation of volatile flavor and aroma. Soybean flour with different lipoxygenase isozymes present might affect bread dough volatiles or defatting may affect activity of the isozymes. Full fat or defatted soy flour could be added to bread dough. Defatting selectively reduced lipoxygenase 2 activity with little effect on lipoxygenases 1 and 3. Addition of full fat soy flour from mutant isolines indicated that as with soybean homogenates, lipoxygenase 2 is mostly responsible for undesirable aroma compounds. Much higher levels of volatile alcohols were found in soy flour amended bread dough than in soy flour homogenates alone.     

Effects of barley flour and barley protein isolate on chemical, functional, nutritional and biological properties of Pita bread

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of fortification of wheat flour with barley flour (BF) and barley protein isolate (BPI) at three levels; 5, 10 and 15% levels on the chemical composition, nutritional evaluation and biological properties of pita bread. Proteins fractions such as globulin, prolamin, glutelin-1 and glutelin-2 as well as protein isolates were extracted from barley flour and evaluated for protein yield, chemical composition and nutritional quality. Highest yield and essential amino acids contents were obtained in barley protein isolate. SDS-PAGE gels electrophoresis indicated that fortified wheat flour with BPI and BF consists of proteins coming from wheat flour and barley proteins. The contents of essential limiting amino acids in bread were increased from 1.38 to 3.10 g/100 g for lysine and from 0.86 to 1.73 g/100 g for methionine as the ratio of fortification with BF and BPI increased from 0 to 15%. The highest content of total phenolics, antioxidant activity, and inhibitory activity for both angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and α-amylase were found in fortified bread with BPI at 15%. Results indicated that bread made from fortification of wheat flour with BF and BPI at 15% showed superior chemical, physico-chemical, nutritional and biological properties.     

SPI与SPH及其复配产物对面团特性和面条品质的影响机制

为提高面制品的营养品质,研究并比较了添加大豆分离蛋白(soy protein isolate,SPI)、大豆水解蛋白(soy protein hydrolyzates,SPH,水解度为4.54%)以及SPI和SPH复配产物(SPI-SPH)的混合粉的面筋特性和粉质特性,面团的动态流变学特性、蛋白质组分、二硫键和非共价键变化,以及面条的品质变化。添加SPI后面粉的湿面筋含量升高,干面筋含量下降,面筋指数降低,粉质特性评价值升高;面团的醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白含量增加,黏弹性增大,弹性比例增加。添加SPI-SPH的面粉面筋特性和面团特性变化趋势与添加SPI的面粉一致,其粉质特性评价值增大。添加SPH的面粉中无面筋洗出,粉质特性评价值升高;面团盐溶蛋白含量显著增加(P<0.05),弹性比例降低。添加大豆蛋白的面团中二硫键含量均增加,疏水相互作用减弱,氢键增强。与原面粉面条相比,SPI面条的硬度增大10.82%,SPI-SPH和SPH面条的弹性分别减小7.23%和6.02%,且添加SPH后面条的蛋白质保留率由93.02%降至87.31%。研究表明,大豆蛋白与面筋蛋白通过二硫键交联以及非共价键相互作用,阻碍面筋网络形成,破坏了面筋网络的连续性。并且,SPI和SPH复配在一定程度上减弱了SPH对面筋的弱化作用。     

Nutritional Evaluation of Breadfruit-containing Composite Flour Products

Composite flours containing wheat, breadfruit flour and soy protein, whey or peanut meal were formulated and incorporated into western style bread and biscuits. Bread containing 10% breadfruit flour and 5% whey, and biscuits containing 10% breadfruit flour and 5% soy protein were judged most acceptable in flavor, color, and texture. Breadfruit flour contained 4.4% protein and was lower in sulfur containing amino acids and higher in lysine than wheat flour. Breadfruit containing bread and biscuits had low amino acid scores. The protein efficiency ratio (PER) of the biscuit product, however, was similar to that of the casein control while the PER of bread was significantly lower. Results suggest that acceptable products can be made with composite flours containing 10% breadfruit flour.     

Rat bioassay of the protein nutritional quality of soy-fortified sorghum biscuits for supplementary feeding of school-age children

BACKGROUND: Protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) remains a major deficiency disease among children in developing countries. The protein nutritional quality of soy‐fortified sorghum biscuits was evaluated with respect to their potential as a protein‐rich supplementary food. Three isonitrogenous diets based on 50:50 ratio decorticated sorghum:defatted soy flour biscuits, 100% sorghum biscuits, casein, and a protein‐free diet were fed to male Sprague Dawley weanling rats. RESULTS: Protein efficiency ratio (PER) for the sorghum–soy biscuit diet was equivalent to the reference casein diet, and zero for the 100% sorghum diet. Faecal bulk for 100% sorghum diet was 1.5 times higher than sorghum–soy and casein diets. True protein digestibility of the three diets was high—88–95%—agreeing with previous rat studies with sorghum. Biological value and net protein utilization of the sorghum‐soy biscuit diet were similar to the casein diet, but lower than the 100% sorghum biscuit diet CONCLUSION: Notwithstanding limitations of rat bioassay for assessing sorghum food protein quality, the high PER of defatted soy flour‐fortified sorghum biscuits (sorghum:soy 50:50 ratio) indicates they have considerable potential as a supplementary food to young children to alleviate PEM. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

烘焙豆粉对烘焙产品的品质影响研究

采用粉质仪法和拉伸仪法及烘焙实验,研究了烘焙豆粉对小麦面团流变学特性和面包及蛋糕品质的影响.结果表明,在面包粉加6 %烘焙豆粉,蛋糕粉加10 %烘焙豆粉的用量下,添加烘焙豆粉后,面团的吸水率和延展度提高,耐揉指数、粉质质量指数、抗拉伸阻力及拉伸比例降低,面包和蛋糕的表皮颜色、质地及蛋糕的组织结构都有所改进.     

Effect of Rice, Corn and Soy Flour Addition on Characteristics of Bread Produced from Different Wheat Cultivars

Preparation and consumption of bread enriched with flours that contain appreciable amounts of protein, lysine, dietary fiber, and minerals will provide a healthy alternative to consumers and also a lowering of bread making cost in countries where wheat is not a major domestic crop. Addition of rice, corn, and soy flour to bread and durum wheat flours at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50% levels was carried out to examine the effects on the baking (specific volume, color, firmness) and sensory characteristics of bread. Dough rheological properties were also studied using Brabender Farinograph and Extensograph. Results of the present study suggest that incorporation of rice, corn, and soy in bread wheat flour up to a level of 10% (flour basis) and in durum wheat flour up to 20% produces bread without any negative effect in quality attributes such as color, hardness, and flavor and reasonable acceptance offering promising nutritious and healthy alternative to consumers. Increasing levels of substitution (30 and 50%) resulted in decreasing dough strength, extensibility, and loaf volume, due to the replacement of gluten by the added protein. Overall acceptability scores of these breads were found to be very low. The durum flour can be substituted with nongluten flours up to 10% more than the bread wheat flour because of its stronger gluten matrix and better dough rheological characteristics.