活性碳纤维的性能及发展现状

介绍了活性碳纤维的吸附机理,阐述了活性碳纤维的性能特点,并对活性碳纤维发展现状进行了综述。     

负载金属改性活性碳纤维材料制备及吸碘性能

以活性碳纤维（ACF）为原料,采用浸渍法制备了负载金属银的改性活性碳纤维（Ag-ACF）,并通过测定吸附材料在77 K的氮气吸附等温线对改性前后材料的比表面积和孔结构进行了表征.研究并比较了活性碳纤维在负载金属银后对碘的吸附性能,结果表明,在活性碳纤维上负载适量的金属银,可以显著地提高活性碳纤维对碘的吸附容量,原因是由于金属银对活性碳纤维比表面积和表面化学性质的修饰,并提高了活性碳纤维对碘的吸附势.     

活性碳纤维的制备及性能表征

研究活性碳纤维的KOH活化法与H3PO4 活化法 ,比较两种活化方法的活化条件 ,用碘值、苯值测定了活性碳纤维的吸附性能。结果显示KOH活化的活性碳纤维无论是比表面积 ,还是吸附能力上 ,都优于H3PO4 活化的活性碳纤维。     

活性碳纤维研究与应用的最新进展

在简介活性碳纤维制造的基础上，本文综述了活性碳纤维吸附特性研究的最新进展，给出了活性碳纤维近年来的一些应用。     

活性碳纤维净化空气研究概述

室内空气污染严重危害人们的健康,活性碳纤维是优良的净化空气材料。本文简要介绍了活性碳纤维的种类、性能,综述了活性碳纤维在净化空气方面的原理与应用。     

吸附分离功能活性碳纤维的应用及研究进展

吸附分离功能活性碳纤维以其独特的性能在吸附分离领域有着极其广泛的应用.综述了吸附分离功能活性碳纤维在各个方面的应用及研究进展,并介绍了纳米活性碳纤维的制备方法.     

活性碳纤维的研究开发与应用

在简介活性碳纤维制备的基础上，对活性碳纤维的液，气相吸附特性进行了说明，概述了活性碳纤维的主要应用，并介绍了国内研究开发简况。     

新型活性碳纤维织物

专利:新型活性碳纤维织物申请(专利)号:CN200920271789.9申请日:2009.11.20申请(专利权)人:江苏苏通碳纤维有限公司发明(设计)人:陈植民摘要:本实用新型公开了一种新型活性碳纤维织物,包括针织物层,针织物层通过粘合材料层与活性碳纤维织物层复合。本实用新型结构合理,     

活性碳纤维理化性能测试的几种方法

归纳了活性碳纤维理化性能测试的几种方法,包括活性碳纤维预氧化程度的测试方法、活性碳纤维碘吸附值测试法、四氯化碳蒸气吸附率测试法和采用BET容量法的比表面积测试法等,有利于工厂和科研参考与应用.     

制备粘胶基活性碳纤维的最佳工艺条件研究

对粘胶基活性碳纤维制备中影响制得率的各个因素进行了研究,探索了粘胶基活性碳纤维的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,控制合适的磷酸盐浓度及其浸泡时间、预氧化温度和时间、炭化温度等工艺参数,可获得较高制得率的活性碳纤维。     

THIOLS AND DISULPHIDES IN QUIESCENT AND GERMINATING BARLEY GRAINS,BOTH DORMANT AND MATURE

Reduced and oxidised glutathione, cysteine, cystine and traces (too small to quantify) of γ-glutamyl-cysteine and cysteinylglycine were detected, in about the same amounts, in extracts of the embryos of dormant and mature barleys. During micromalting the levels of the thiols and disulphides altered in various ways, but altered in the same ways in dormant and mature samples of grain until germination began. An early decline in the glutathione content of embryos was mirrored by a rise in the amount in degermed grains. Histochemical tests and analyses of isolated tissues showed that in the quiescent grains thiols were concentrated in the embryo (particularly the scutellum) and in the aleurone layer and isolated embryos released thiols into an incubation medium. We conclude that the endogenous thiols and disulphides are not obviously involved in the regulation of dormancy.     

不同生态条件下的烤烟硼营养研究

在我国7个主产烟省采用"统一栽培法",研究了各生态条件下烤烟营养中硼的积累与分配规律.试验结果表明,烤烟叶片、烟杈(芽)中硼含量明显高于根、茎,其含量以北方高于南方;而根、茎中硼含量正好相反.硼素的积累过程呈明显的Logistic生长曲线关系.大田生长前期南北烟区烟株中硼素积累特征基本一致,但在栽后30 d以后北方烟区烟株中积累量和积累速率远远高于南方烟区.烟株中硼素积累量占全株总积累量的比例为栽后60 d以前南方烟区高于北方烟区,以后则是北方烟区高于南方烟区.在我国南北烟区烟株含硼量(浓度)无明显的差异,但硼积累量差异明显.土壤pH、全氪和速效氮对烟株硼的积累有一定的促进作用,土壤有机质升高则对烟株中硼的积累不利;平均气温、最高温度、10cm地温和日照时数与烟株硼的积累呈正相关.     

云南不同烟区烟叶中有机酸及乙醚提取挥发性成分含量研究

研究了云南省不同地区、不同品种及不同成熟度,不同部位烟叶中有机酸及乙醚提取挥发性成分含量.经分析得出,红河地区的烟叶有机酸含量较高,昆明、大理地区较低,但挥发性成分含量相反,大理地区最高,红河地区较低,玉溪、楚雄、昆明居中.评吸得分玉溪、大理地区烟叶相对好于其它地区.品种中以V2的有机酸含量最高,NC82的有机酸含量最低,挥发性成分含量相反,NC82较高,V2较低,云烟85、K326、红花大金元居中.初熟和适熟烟叶中有较高的挥发性成分含量,有机酸含量也较稳定,未熟和过熟烟叶中有机酸和挥发性成分依品种而定.对不同部位的烟叶,上部烟叶有较高的挥发性成分含量,中、下部烟叶次之,有机酸含量则中部叶最高,上、下部叶次之.     

Accumulation and distribution of cadmium and lead in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in contaminated soils from the oasis, north-west China

BACKGROUND: Crops grown in soils contaminated by heavy metals are an important avenue for toxic metals entering the human food chain. The objectives of our study were to investigate the accumulation and distribution of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in wheat plants cultivated in arid soils spiked with different doses of heavy metal, as well as bioavailability of these metals in the contaminated arid soils from the oasis, north‐west China. RESULTS: The concentrations of Cd in the roots of wheat plants were about 5, 14 and 8 times higher than those in the shoots, shells and grains, respectively. The concentrations of Pb in the roots were about 23, 76 and 683 times higher than those in the shoots, shells and grains, respectively. Grains contained 11–14% and 0.1–0.2% of Cd and Pb found in roots of wheat plants. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) is the ratio of metal concentration in plant tissues and metal concentration in their rooted soils. The average BCF of Cd and Pb in grains was 0.6270 and 0.0007. Cd and Pb contents in different parts of wheat plants mainly correlated with the bound‐to‐carbonate metal fractions in contaminated arid soils. CONCLUSION: The preliminary study indicated that Cd and Pb were predominantly accumulated and distributed in wheat roots and shoots, and only a small proportion of these metals can reach the grains. The carbonate fractions mainly contributed to Cd and Pb bioavailability in contaminated arid soils. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Varietal differences in the mineral composition of bulked samples of fruit from Cox's Orange Pippin,Crispin (Mutsu) and Spartan apple trees

Concentrations of dry matter, nitrogen and major mineral constituents in samples of Cox's Orange Pippin and Crispin fruit from interplanted trees were measured for 4 years. Similar measurements were made over a 6 year period in Cox and Spartan fruit samples from trees interplanted in another orchard. Concentrations varied greatly in all varieties from year to year. In comparison with Cox, fruit calcium concentrations were higher for a given mean mass per apple in Crispin in all years and in Spartan for 4 of the 6 years at harvest. Concentrations of nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus were lower in Crispin and Spartan than in Cox fruit at harvest in all years, but dry matter and sodium concentrations differed only in some years. Changes in concentrations during fruit growth were measured in 2 years for each comparison. Differences between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in either Crispin or Spartan and Cox apples were evident throughout fruitlet enlargement in both years. Calcium concentrations were higher in Crispin and Spartan fruitlets than in Cox fruitlets of equivalent mass. Variations in the concentrations of potassium, magnesium and calcium from tree to tree were greater for Cox than Crispin samples but relationships between potassium and magnesium concentrations were similar for both varieties.     

枸杞成熟与干制过程中多糖积累的蛋白质组学 研究进展

随着后基因组时代的到来,蛋白质组学越来越广泛地应用到生命科学领域,目前主要应用于医学、生物学、植物学,近些年在食品科学方面也进行了相关研究。应用蛋白质组学在植物生长发育和成熟衰老方面的研究比较常见,但在加工环节中的应用并不多见。该方法能通过研究植物体相关蛋白质而在本质上动态地揭示植物从生长发育到成熟衰老过程的机制,为研究枸杞果实成熟及干制过程中多糖积累提供了新的思路和理论支撑。本文综述了枸杞果实成熟及干制过程中多糖积累的研究进展,简单介绍蛋白质组学、蛋白质组学的研究技术及其在植物及加工环节中的研究进展,并展望蛋白质组学技术在枸杞果实成熟及干制过程中多糖积累的研究前景,为今后蛋白质组学的应用与发展提供一定的参考和理论依据。     

烘烤期间带茎采收的烤烟顶部叶某些生理生化特性变化

为进一步探讨烤烟顶部叶带茎采收烘烤的生理生化机制,对烤烟顶部叶带茎采收烘烤和不带茎采收烘烤的色素含量、淀粉酶、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量进行了测定。结果表明,烤烟顶部叶带茎采收烘烤在变黄12~24h时的叶绿素降解速度快于不带茎采收烘烤,到定色末期时带茎采收烘烤和不带茎采收烘烤的顶部叶叶绿素含量基本相同;带茎采收烘烤与不带茎采收烘烤的顶部叶类胡萝卜素与叶绿素的比值变化趋势基本一致,但带茎采收烘烤比不带茎采收烘烤的类胡萝卜素的降解量大。带茎采收烘烤和不带茎采收烘烤的顶部叶淀粉酶活性变化规律差异较大。带茎采收烘烤的PPO活性总体上低于不带茎采收烘烤,SOD活性高于不带茎采收烘烤,POD活性和MDA含量低于不带茎采收烘烤。综合分析,烤烟顶部叶带茎采收烘烤的生理生化变化对烤后烟叶的质量形成是有利的。     

Reproductive and neurobehavioural toxicity study of chlorpropham in mice

Chlorpropham was given in the diet to provide levels of 0 (control), 500, 1,000, and 2,000mg/kg from 5 weeks of age of the F0 generation to 9 weeks of age of the F1 generation in mice, and selected reproductive and neurobehavioural parameters were measured. There were no adverse effects of chlorpropham on either litter size or litter weight and sex ratio at birth. The average body weight of offspring was significantly reduced in the middle-dose group at postnataldays (PNDs) 0 and 4 in female offspring, and was significantly increased in the middle-dose group at PND 14 in male offspring. In neurobehavioural parameters, surface righting at PND 4 was significantly affected in a dose-related manner, and negative geotaxis at PND 4 was significantly accelerated in a dose-related manner in female offspring. In male offspring, surface righting at PND 7 was significantly depressed in the middle-dose group, and olfactory orientation at PND 14 was significantly affected in the low- and middle-dose groups. The dose levels of chlorpropham in the present study produced few adverse effects in reproductive and neurobehavioural parameters in mice.     

2018~2019年深圳市米面及其制品中重金属污染状况的监测与分析

目的 调查2018~2019年深圳市米面及其制品中重金属污染状况，为监管部门制定监管措施提供参考依据, 为消费者提供消费指导。方法 在深圳市10个区采集米面及其制品，按照国家标准GB 5009. 268- - 2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中多元素的测定》对所采集的大米及米制品进行铅和镉的检测；对面及面制品进行铅、镉、总汞和总砷的检测。结果 320份米面及其制品中，4份米制品镉超标，超标率1.25%，其他监测项目均无超标，但米及其制品中镉检出率61.88%；面及其制品中镉检出率98.13%，均高于50%。不同类别样品间检出率比较无显著性差异。2018年和2019年米及米制品的铅和镉检出率比较发现，铅、镉2两年检出率差异均具有显著性（P<0.05）。而面及面制品2两年4个监测项目的检出率差异均无统计学意义。结论 当前深圳市米面及其制品中铅、镉、总汞和总砷等金属污染状况依然存在，其中镉污染情况较为普遍，具有一定的食品安全隐患，应该引起重视，加强监管。     

酱香型酒曲及窖内酒醅挥发性成分的分析

采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱（HS-SPME-GC-MS）联用技术对两酱香酒厂（H、G厂）酒曲、第四轮次窖内酒醅的挥发 性成分进行检测,并进行主成分分析（PCA）,探讨酒厂间酒曲、窖内酒醅风味物质的差异及酒曲与窖内酒醅挥发性成分的关系。 结果 表明,在酒曲、窖内酒醅中共检测到105种挥发性成分,共性成分为4种。 H酒曲以烷烃类为主,G酒曲则以醇、吡嗪类为主,共性成分为 8种。 H、G窖内酒醅均以醇、酯类为主要风味物质,共性成分为23种,但上层酒醅的主要酯类物质不同,下层酒醅的醇酯比相差较大。 两酒厂的酒曲挥发性成分相近;窖内酒醅上层挥发性风味成分相似度高,窖内酒醅下层具有差异性;酒曲和酒醅样的挥发性成分具 有较大差异。