A computer vision-based system for automatic detection of misarranged warp yarns in yarn-dyed fabric. Part I: continuous segmentation of warp yarns

In textile and garment industries, misarranged warp yarns of yarn-dyed fabrics disorganize the layout of fabrics and lead to poor product quality. This series of studies aims to develop a computer vision-based system for automatic detection of misarranged color warp yarns in terms of high efficiency and good accuracy. Four main parts are included in this series of studies: warp yarn segmentation, fabric image stitching, warp regional segmentation, and yarn layout proofing. This paper proposes a continuous segmentation method of warp yarns to detect the misarranged color warp yarns for yarn-dyed fabrics automatically, which is the foundation of the developed computer vision-based system. The proposed framework consists of two main components: warp yarn segmentation and fabric image stitching. Firstly, the sequence images of a fabric stripe are captured using a designed offline image acquisition platform. Secondly, the warp yarns in the sequence images are segmented by a sub-image projection-based method successively. Thirdly, the sequence images are stitched by a yarn-template matching method based on their warp segmentation results. Finally, the continuous segmentation result of warp yarns is saved for the further processing of warp regional segmentation and color warp layout proofing. The proposed method has been evaluated on 720 fabric images of five fabric examples with plain and 2/2 twill, and experimental results show that the proposed method can realize the continuous segmentation of warp yarns in yarn-dyed fabrics with the yarn segmentation accuracy of 97.43% and image stitching accuracy of 99.53%.     

A computer vision-based system for automatic detection of misarranged warp yarns in yarn-dyed fabric. Part II: warp region segmentation

This series of studies aim to develop a computer vision-based system for automatic detection of misarranged color warp yarns to replace manpower and improve efficiency. Based on the warp yarn segmentation and fabric image stitching methods presented in Part I, this paper proposes a stepwise segmentation method of warp regions, as a core of the developed computer vision-based system, to detect the layout of color yarns for yarn-dyed fabrics automatically. The proposed framework consists of two main components: rough warp region segmentation and precise warp region merging which are realized by analyzing correlation coefficient of color histograms among segmented warp yarns and warp regions successively. The proposed method has been evaluated on 543 fabric images of four fabric samples consisting of 5533 warp regions, and experimental results show that the proposed method can realize the warp region segmentation in yarn dyed fabrics with the average accuracy of 99.47%.     

应用上下文视觉显著性的色织物疵点检测

为实现色织物疵点的有效检测,提出一种应用上下文视觉显著性的疵点检测方法。根据上下文视觉显著性的原则,将织物图像分为大小相同的图像块;然后针对每个图像块,选取K个与其最相似的图像块计算与该图像块的差异值之和,用该差异值之和表示该图像块中心像素的显著性;从而生成一幅视觉显著性图;最后对显著性图进行阈值分割,得到色织物疵点的检测结果。为验证该算法的有效性,将带有纬缩、破洞和跳花等区域性疵点的素色、条纹和格子色织物图像作为样本进行检测。结果表明:该方法可较好地抑制不同种类织物的纹理背景,突出疵点区域,实现疵点的有效检测,该方法在色织物疵点检测上具有一定的可行性。     

采用色纺纱图像的真实感色织物模拟

为解决色织物产品设计周期长,试织打样耗时费力的问题,提出一种采用色纺纱图像的真实感色织物的模拟方法。首先采集彩色纱线图像,运用阈值分割、形态学处理得到纱线主体,获取纱线主体的上、下边界和中心线,进而得到原始纱线图像的主体部分;接着根据椭圆模型和正弦曲线模型对纱线主体图像进行处理,得到纱线在二维织物表面中的形态;最后根据色纱循环和织物组织变换模型来改变经纬纱的覆盖关系,实现了真实感条纹型和格子型色织物的模拟。模拟结果表明：本文算法能够模拟不同种类色织物的织造过程,真实地反映织物的外观效果,且能够调整织物组织和色纱循环参数,提高了现有模拟算法的真实性和适应性。     

平纹纯棉色织面料纬密对洗后外观平整度的影响

文章主要研究了平纹纯棉色织面料在经密相同的情况下,不同的纬密对面料折皱恢复角、洗后外观平整度的影响,结果表明:折皱恢复角、洗后外观平整度与面料的纬密在设定的范围内存在很强的相关性,合理调整面料的纬密对提高面料的洗后外观平整度起很大作用,为有免熨烫要求的平纹纯棉色织面料密度设计提供了理论依据。     

应用局部纹理特征的无监督织物瑕疵检测算法

针对当前算法对种类繁多瑕疵,尤其是经纬向瑕疵适应差问题,提出一种应用局部纹理特征的无监督织物瑕疵检测算法。这种算法采用无监督检测方案,检测过程中不需要参考样本。在检测过程中,首先根据瑕疵稀少性特点,直接从整体织物图像中获取表征局部织物纹理的局部二值模式直方图特征;然后利用机织物经纬交织特点对局部织物图像沿经纬向投影,并在此基础上提取特征;最后计算所提取特征的瑕疵异常图,并对其进行权重方式融合后实施阈值分割,实现瑕疵检测。实验结果表明,所提出的投影特征能有效表征局部织物纹理,与局部二值模式特征结合使用能有效检测织物瑕疵。     

变细度细特纯棉色织双面小提花面料的开发

通过对双面小提花面料的织物组织设计，采用不同粗细的经、纬纱进行织造，并改变纬纱密度和采用不同的色彩搭配，使织物呈现出立体方格和特殊的双面效应，对浆纱工艺和织造工艺进行优选，经纱采用双织轴喂入，克服了由于复杂的织物设计带来的织造难度，成功开发出了纯棉细特高密色织双面小提花面料。     

The effect of yarn twist direction on the formability of woven fabrics

This experimental work examines the influence of the yarn twist on the formability of a woven fabric. Consideration is given to the phenomenon of bedding between warp and weft yarns, as affected by the local helix angles of bent yarns. A total of 28 plain weave woven fabrics (four groups, each with seven samples) were produced, using Solospun? yarns as warp and weft threads. The fabric bending length and the initial modulus of each sample were measured from which the formability was calculated. Results indicated that the fabrics in which the warp and weft twists are unidirectional (Z &; Z) have higher formability in comparison to those fabrics in which the warp and weft twists are opposite to each other (Z &; S). In addition, among the former fabrics the highest formability belongs to those in which the total helix angle of the warp and weft is close to 90 degree whereas the lowest formability belongs to the latter fabrics with least amount of twist.     

大小头筒状纬编针织物建模及其线圈长度逆向设计

为解决针织物成形存在工艺设计目标与成形织物差异大的问题,提出一种从目标织物出发的织物线圈长度设计方法。根据圆形纬编针织机和纬编针织物的特性,将织物在周向和轴向划分为单元,提出基于Pierce模型改进的梯形线圈模型,并对大小头筒状纬编针织物建模。在此基础上得到各线圈长度与目标织物参数间关系,实现从目标织物出发的织物线圈长度计算,根据此控制线圈长度实现大小头筒状织物的设计。实验结果表明,大小头筒状纬编针织物中线圈长度的变化,理论与实际结果基本一致。根据提出的基于梯形线圈模型的建模方法,可依据大小头筒状纬编针织物参数得到任意线圈长度,实现线圈长度逆向设计。     

利用模糊C-均值聚类分析法实现织物组织结构自动识别

文章提出了一种新的有效的织物组织结构识别算法.用彩色扫描仪输入紧密织物组织的灰度图像并将其转换为数字文件,然后通过灰度图像形态学处理获得增强图像.基于纱线间隙和经纬纱交叉区的存在,通过一阶和二阶的统计量可获取4种区域结构特征.利用模糊C-均值聚类分析法得出识别经纬浮点的非监督的判别准则.实验材料包括平纹、斜纹和缎纹织物,实验结果表明这3种基础组织结构模式可以得到有效识别.     

基于卷积神经网络的机织物密度均匀性检测

针对目前基于机器视觉的机织物密度自动检测时织物检测视野小、精度低、品种适应性差的问题,提出一种基于多尺度卷积神经网络的检测方法。首先设计了一套离线图像采集系统连续采集织物图像,并建立一个包含详细织物参数的织物图像数据集;然后采用一种具有不同大小局部感受野的多尺度卷积神经网络适应不同大小的织物结构特征,定位纱线位置;最后利用霍夫变换及灰度投影方法处理网络模型所预测的纱线位置图,计算织物经纬密度,并对织物密度均匀性做出评价。结果表明:与其他方法相比,本文方法对于不同类型织物的经纬密度计算误差小于2%,检测精度更高,品种适应性更强。     

天丝/苎麻交织小提花色织面料的设计与生产

针对天丝与苎麻纤维的特点,开发出一款天丝/苎麻交织小提花色织面料。对原料选用、织物规格、经纬配色、织物组织进行了合理设计,并对主要工序,包括筒子染色、络筒、整经、浆纱、剑杆织造及后整理的生产工艺技术进行了优化设计。织物的织造效率达85%,下机一等品率达90%。经过检测,产品的主要质量指标符合绿色生态纺织品质量标准,适宜制作夏季休闲类衬衫或套装。     

挠性剑杆织机织制高经密丝织物的研究

研究了高经密丝织物在挠性剑杆织机上织制时产生纬丝拉毛圈问题的原因 ,通过优化织造工艺参数、改进剑头结构 ,对常见的、具有不同组织、不同纬丝的高经密丝织物品种进行了探讨 ,找到了解决问题的有效途径。     

多角度全毛面料抗皱性测试仪

现有面料抗皱性能测试方法只评价面料经、纬向抗皱性能,无法评价其他方向的抗皱性,导致测量结果不全面,针对这个问题,设计一台多角度面料抗皱性测试仪器,仪器包括硬件和软件2部分,硬件部分包括织物多角度压皱系统和图像采集系统,软件部分主要将采集的图片进行定量化分析,用以评价面料多角度抗皱性能.文章测试10块全毛面料,并将新设计的测试仪器与传统YG541B型测试仪器进行对比,得出二者评价相关性一致,但新仪器测试精度较高.     

织物缩水机理及其数学模型的研究与应用

通过解析织物缩水率与织物结构参数、织造条件、原料特性之间的关系,基于生产实践中人们对织物缩水现象的认识,从平纹织物着手,建立了织物的缩水模型,给出了根据织造工艺技术条件估计缩水率的方法及计算公式。通过实验测试棉织物、粘胶织物的缩水率,并与理论计算结果进行了比较分析,验证了理论结果的可靠性。还利用此模型,分析讨论了纱线直径、经纱屈曲波高、织物纬密、纱线溶胀率对织物经向缩水率的影响。     

功率谱分析在机织物组织纹理识别中的应用

将功率谱应用到织物组织识别中,用功率谱及相关函数对织物图像进行处理,得到织物图像的功率谱曲线,从曲线的峰值中提取织物表面的方向性信息,得到织物经纬密度,并进一步确定织物组织的经纬纱特数、飞数和经纬纱循环数,最后得出织物的组织点属性.实验证明这种方法实际可行,对织物组织的计算机分析、识别及进一步的应用研究有重要的理论和实际意义.     

纯棉色织段染竹节布的生产

介绍了经纱采用色纱和段染纱搭配使用，纬纱采用竹节纱交织而成的纯棉色织段染竹节布的生产工艺流程、工艺处方和工艺条件，以及加工过程中的主要工艺参数和产品质量指标。     

组织结构对针织物电磁屏蔽效能的影响

设计了几种代表性织物组织结构的不锈钢纤维混纺针织物,研究了织物组织结构对针织物电磁屏蔽效能的影响。织物组织结构选择充满系数较高的双罗纹组织、打鸡双面组织、添纱衬垫组织、衬纬组织和绕经组织,以降低织物厚度、密度、孔隙等因素对织物电磁屏蔽效能的影响。对所有织物进行了电磁屏蔽效能测试,结果显示:双罗纹织物、双面织物、添纱衬垫织物、衬纬织物的电磁屏蔽效能都很不理想,且远远低于含不锈钢纤维机织平纹布,但是绕经织物的电磁屏蔽效能要比其他组织的针织物的屏蔽效能高得多,基本能达到国标上对屏蔽服的屏蔽效能要求。绕经织物与其他几种针织物最大的不同就是在纵向多了一些连续的含不锈钢纤维的混纺纱。说明针织物组织结构是影响电磁屏蔽效能的关键因素,可通过在织物纵横向形成纵横交错的导通的金属网栅的方式来改善不锈钢纤维混纺针织物的屏蔽效能。     

Assessment of the effect of fabric constructional parameters on surface roughness of wool fabrics

Surface roughness properties of wool fabrics are one of the important parameters of clothing quality and hand feeling. This paper presents a comparison between surface roughness characteristics of wool fabrics produced from different constructional parameters such as warp and weft yarn density, weft yarn count, and weave pattern. Roughness values of fabrics were affected by constructional parameters and the effects were related to fabric cover, fabric thickness, and crimps of yarns in fabric structure. A general overview of the results showed that surface roughness of wool fabrics decreased and the effect of changes in structural construction decreased as cover of fabrics increased.     

机织针织复合织物与多层双轴向纬编织物拉伸性能对比

选用玻璃纤维作经纱、纬纱和高强涤纶作针织纱分别编织机织针织复合(CWK)织物和多层双轴向纬编(MBWK)织物,测试两种织物的横向、纵向的拉伸性能,分析比较拉伸负荷和位移特征曲线。研究表明：在拉伸过程中,CWK织物MBWK织物均先由其中的经纱或纬纱,在较低的伸长下,承担较高的负荷,直至经纱或纬纱断裂,然后由针织结构,在较高的伸长下,承担较低的负荷,直至针织结构破坏;经纱和纬纱以交织形式衬入针织结构中,使得CWK织物的轴向的拉伸强度稍低于MBWK织物,但起到一定的“预牵伸”作用,可使针织纱对经纱和纬纱捆绑效果更好。