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为探究低温预处理技术对植物油品质的影响,以油菜籽、亚麻籽、花生、葵花籽、芝麻为原料,进行超声波和真空冷冻干燥预处理,采用螺旋榨油机压榨制油,分析植物油感官指标(色泽、气味、黏度、透明度、滋味)、理化指标(酸值、过氧化值、色泽、水分及挥发物)、营养组分(脂肪酸、甘油三酯、总酚、维生素E)及挥发性组分的变化。结果表明:经超声波预处理,植物油的透明度、滋味和气味较好,而真空冷冻干燥预处理植物油的黏度、气味和滋味与未处理组相比变化不明显;经2种方式预处理后,5种植物油的酸值和过氧化值均符合食品安全国家标准,脂肪酸和甘油三酯组成及含量无显著性变化(p>0.05),但挥发性成分有明显变化;经真空冷冻干燥和超声波预处理,除超声波预处理葵花籽油外,植物油中总酚含量分别是未处理组的1.04~1.90倍和1.10~1.55倍,除菜籽油外,植物油中维生素E含量分别比未处理组增加了0.50%~26.56%和1.40%~49.99%。总体而言,超声波和真空冷冻干燥预处理不会造成植物油感官品质、脂肪酸和甘油三酯含量的下降,且能提高微量营养组分的含量,获得综合品质较好的植物油。 相似文献
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建立了一种高分辨质谱(Triple-TOF-MS/MS)测定芝麻油、葵花籽油、大豆油、菜籽油、花生油和玉米油等常见食用植物油中甘油三酯的方法,分析并确定不同食用植物油中每种碳原子当量(ECN)下的甘油三酯组成与含量。结果表明:采用Triple-TOF-MS/MS法可以根据一级质谱母离子(加氢母离子、加钠离子和加氨母离子)相对分子质量以及二级质谱的碎片离子([DAG]~+)对相同ECN的甘油三酯进行定性分析。采用该方法对芝麻油、葵花籽油、大豆油、菜籽油、花生油和玉米油进行甘油三酯检测,结果共获得35种甘油三酯,均含有LnLL、LLL、LLO、PLL、LOO、PLO和OOO 7种甘油三酯。 相似文献
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近年来,食用植物油掺假问题引起了社会的广泛关注。本文通过收集相关的文献资料,对我国食用油鉴伪的研究进展进行了阐述,简要介绍了食用植物油掺假的现状,从食用植物油的组分包括脂肪酸、甘油三酯、甾醇、维生素E、挥发性成分以及其他成分和整体特征差异两个方向综述了目前植物油鉴伪的国内外研究进展,并对食用植物油鉴伪的研究发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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研究4 种不同脂肪来源的婴儿配方乳粉与母乳在总脂肪酸、sn-2位脂肪酸及甘油三酯上的脂质组成差异。结果表明,从样品中共检测出27 种脂肪酸及87 种甘油三酯,与母乳相比,4 种婴儿配方乳粉含有更多的饱和脂肪酸,较少的多不饱和脂肪酸,且母乳中超过70%的饱和脂肪酸酯化在甘油三酯的sn-2位,而4 种婴儿配方乳粉甘油三酯sn-2位更多的被不饱和脂肪酸占据,尤其是植物油基IF1和IF2,sn-2位不饱和脂肪酸高达80%。在甘油三酯组成方面,母乳中1-油酸-2-棕榈酸-3-亚油酸甘油三酯、1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯及一些中长链甘油三酯显著高于4 种婴儿配方乳粉(P<0.05),而婴儿配方乳粉含有更多的三油酸甘油三酯、1-油酸-2,3-二亚油酸甘油三酯及一些中链甘油三酯(P<0.05),并且脂肪来源的不同会显著影响婴儿配方乳粉的脂质组成,同为植物油基的IF1和IF2具有更相似的甘油三酯、脂肪酸组成及分布,并与添加了乳脂成分的IF3和IF4形成明显区分,且牛乳/植物油混合基婴儿配方乳粉在整体脂质组成上更加接近母乳。最后,基于多变量分析,发现共有16 种甘油三酯可用于区分人乳和婴儿配方奶粉。本研究结果有助于研发更接近人乳的婴儿配方乳粉。 相似文献
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介绍了基于PDM的并行工程纺机设计平台的建立情况,其中包括了三维CAD/CAM/CAE在纺机产品开发过程中的应用现状,CAPP在工艺编制中的应用,宏源公司PDM项目的技术特点、创新之处。讨论了PDM和ERP的集成问题。 相似文献
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María Luisa Mateos‐Martín Jara Pérez‐Jiménez Elisabet Fuguet Josep Lluís Torres 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2012,56(4):671-675
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum L.) bark is widely used as a spice and in traditional medicine. Its oligomeric and polymeric proanthocyanidins are believed to be partly responsible for the beneficial properties of the plant. We describe here the metabolic fate of cinnamon proanthocyanidins in the urine and feces of rats fed a suspension of the whole bark. The metabolites include ten mono‐, di‐, and tri‐ conjugated (epi)catechin phase II metabolites and more than 20 small phenolic acids from intestinal microbial fermentation. Some of these are sulfated conjugates. Feces contain intact (epi)catechin and dimers. This suggests that free radical scavenging species are in contact with the intestinal walls for hours after ingestion of cinnamon. The phenolic metabolite profile of cinnamon bark in urine is consistent with a mixture of proanthocyanidins that are depolymerized into their constitutive (epi)catechin units as well as cleaved into smaller phenolic acids during their transit along the intestinal tract, with subsequent absorption and conjugation into bioavailable metabolites. 相似文献
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Jason Maley Eric K. Asare Monica Bga Brian G. Rossnagel Ravindra N. Chibbar Ramaswami Sammynaiken 《Starch - St?rke》2010,62(12):676-685
Starch samples extracted from barley cultivars with varying AM concentrations were imaged by AFM using intermittent contact mode. Two different deposition methods were used: a simple solution drop and an aerosol spray deposition. Using the drop deposition method, starch appeared mainly as small particles and aggregated globules, with average heights of 1.8 ± 0.2, 2.7 ± 0.7, and 5.5 ± 1.0 nm, for starch solutions containing increased (38%), normal (25.8%), and undetectable (0%) AM, respectively. The aerosol spray deposition method allowed analysis of individual biopolymer chains of AM and biopolymer fibrils of AP. The image of normal starch showed individual AM chains with an average height of 0.8 ± 0.2 nm, and an average contour length of 178 ± 127 nm. For increased AM starch, the height of individual AM chains was similar to normal starch, but the average contour length was shorter (140 ± 70 nm). All barley starches showed fibril bundles of AP with average heights of 1.9 to 2.9 nm and lengths in the micron size range. 相似文献
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Hyung Gyun Kim Do Gyeong Oh Jin Sung Kim Sang Kyu Lee Tae Cheon Jeong 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2013,57(1):84-99
In addition to its role in digestion of food in the gastrointestinal tract, the intestinal microflora is also capable of biotransforming numerous drugs. Likewise, the intestinal microflora may significantly modulate xenobiotic‐induced toxicity by either activating or inactivating xenobiotics via metabolism. To date, most investigations of xenobiotic metabolism have focused not only on metabolism in host tissues, but the modulation of the pharmacological activity of drugs by the intestinal microflora. Despite its importance, the presumed role of intestinal microflora metabolism in xenobiotic‐induced toxicity has been understudied. Therefore, it is appropriate to briefly review our current situation, and state which research in xenobiotic metabolism by intestinal microflora, particularly in the field of toxicology, is needed. 相似文献
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