多重PCR快速检测两种致泻性大肠杆菌方法的建立

本研究以肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7及肠侵袭性大肠杆菌为目标菌,针对大肠杆菌共同基因uid A、肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7的特异基因O-antigen、肠侵袭性大肠杆菌的特异基因ipa H设计3对引物,建立并优化了检测两种菌的多重PCR检测方法,进行了特异性验证和灵敏度分析,并应用于人工接种新鲜莴苣的检测中。实验结果表明,本研究建立的三重PCR快速检测两种致病菌的检出限为6.3×103CFU/m L,具有较好的灵敏度和特异性。利用所建立的多重PCR方法对人工接种肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7和肠侵袭性大肠杆菌的新鲜莴苣进行检测,检出限为7.8×104CFU/m L。此方法能够对肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7和肠侵袭性大肠杆菌两种食源性致病菌进行快速检测。     

使用环介导等温扩增技术快速检测食品中肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的初步研究

目的探索建立一种快速、简单的食品中肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7的检测方法。方法针对编码O157∶H7脂多糖的rfbE基因(GenBank S83460)和编码H7鞭毛抗原的fliC基因(GenBank L07388)特征性保守序列,利用环介导等温扩增(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)核酸扩增基因技术,对21株O157∶H7和非O157∶H7菌株进行特异性检测,并与聚合酶链式反应方法进行比较。同时使用部分食品样品对LAMP法检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7的实际运用价值进行评估。结果LAMP法可以在1h内完成检测工作。LAMP法检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7的灵敏度为96.72%,特异度为85.71%,准确性为93.26%。结论LAMP检测技术的灵敏度较聚合酶链式反应技术高。LAMP是一种简单、快速的检测技术,适用于筛选可疑大肠杆菌O157∶H7样本。     

PCR-免疫胶体金试纸条方法检测食品中 肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7

目的建立PCR-免疫胶体金试纸条法快速检测食品中肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的分析方法。方法通过设计特异性引物建立肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7 PCR检测方法并使用免疫胶体金技术以及双抗体夹心法建立PCR产物快速检测试纸条并设计核酸检测展开液;将1株大肠杆菌O157:H7标准菌株和7株其他常见食源性致病菌作为试验菌株,用试验菌株检测PCR-免疫胶体金试纸条方法的检测特异度,并比较PCR-免疫胶体金试纸条法和PCR-琼脂糖凝胶电泳法的检测敏感度。结果 PCR-免疫胶体金法具有良好的特异度,灵敏度比标准琼脂糖凝胶电泳法高100倍。结论本文建立的肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7检测PCR-免疫胶体金试纸条法特异度好,灵敏度高,价格低廉,适用于食品中肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的检测。     

三种食源性致病菌多重PCR检测方法的建立

目的:建立同时快速检测沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7的多重PCR方法。方法:根据沙门氏菌的invA基因、志贺氏菌的ipaH基因及肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7的uidA基因设计3对引物,通过单因素实验、L9(34)正交实验优化反应体系,并对多重PCR扩增的敏感性进行分析。结果:3对引物能特异性扩增出495、620、252bp的目的片段;在最优多重PCR反应体系下,多重PCR检测3种致病菌的灵敏度达104CFU/mL;将该法应用于人工污染实验,可在5h内得到准确、稳定的检测结果。结论:该方法操作简单、检测特异性和灵敏度较高,能够实现对沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7 3种食源性致病菌的快速监控和诊断。     

利用光纤倏逝波生物传感器检测食品中大肠杆菌O157:H7

目的建立一种应用光纤倏逝波生物传感器快速检测食品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的方法。方法对光纤用大肠杆菌O157:H7抗体包被制备检测探针,用纳米量子点对抗体进行偶联制备检测抗体,并确定其检测的灵敏度和特异性,同时通过对人工污染样品的检测确认该方法检测实际样本的可行性。结果建立的光纤倏逝波生物传感器检测大肠杆菌O157:H7的灵敏度达到50 CFU/mL,并具有较强的特异性。结论利用光纤倏逝波生物传感器检测食品中污染的大肠杆菌O157:H7方法快速、准确,具有较强应用价值。     

利用光纤倏逝波生物传感器检测食品中 大肠杆菌O157:H7

目的 建立一种应用光纤倏逝波生物传感器快速检测食品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的方法。方法 对光纤用大肠杆菌O157:H7抗体包被制备检测探针,用纳米量子点对抗体进行偶联制备检测抗体,并确定其检测的灵敏度和特异性,同时通过对人工污染样品的检测确认该方法检测实际样本的可行性。结果 建立的光纤倏逝波生物传感器检测大肠杆菌O157:H7的灵敏度达到50 CFU/mL,并具有较强的特异性。结论 利用光纤倏逝波生物传感器检测食品中污染的大肠杆菌O157:H7方法快速、准确,具有较强应用价值。     

肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的分子生物学检测及PCR检测

大肠杆菌一些特殊的血清型具有致病性,肠出血性大肠杆菌是大肠杆菌的一个亚型,主要致病菌株为O157:H7,可引起感染性腹泻,因能引起人类的出血性肠炎而得名。本文综述了分子生物学检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的研究进展。分子生物学检测是利用抗原抗体特异性结合反应检测各种物质的分析方法,主要包括酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)、胶体免疫金层析法以及免疫磁珠分离法(IMS)。PCR技术检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7,主要包括常规PCR检测、多重PCR检测以及实时荧光定量PCR检测。这两种方法灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简便、结果准确等优点,是检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的常用方法。     

应用DPO-PCR技术检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7

利用双启动寡核苷酸引物（dual-priming oligonucleotide,DPO）聚合酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction,PCR）技术检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7。根据DPO引物设计原则,以肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7 rfbE 基因为靶基因设计一对DPO引物,经过反应体系的优化,建立了肠出血性大肠杆菌O157∶H7 DPO-PCR检测方法, 其检测灵敏度约为94 CFU/mL。与常规PCR方法相比,所建立的DPO-PCR方法对退火温度不敏感,在引物设计和实 验过程中不需要对引物及其退火温度反复优化,同时基于DPO引物的特殊结构又增强了其特异性。DPO-PCR方法 设计简易、特异性强,为致病性微生物的快速准确检测提供了新途径。     

重组酶介导的等温扩增技术联合CRISPR-Cas13a快速检测4种腹泻病原菌

目的重组酶介导的等温扩增技术(RAA)联合规律间隔性成簇短回文重复序列相关Cas13a蛋白(CRISPR-Cas13a),建立对沙门菌、志贺菌、霍乱弧菌、肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7 4种腹泻病原菌的快速分子检测方法,即RAA-Cas13a。方法 设计4种腹泻病原菌的RAA特异性引物和CRISPR RNA(crRNA),利用RAA技术扩增样本核酸,并进行CRISPR-Cas13a恒温荧光检测,以实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)为对照方法,评价RAA-Cas13a优化方法的灵敏度与特异性。结果 RAA-Cas13a方法可在35 min内完成检测。检测志贺菌、霍乱弧菌、肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的最低检测限为10 copies/μL,沙门菌最低检测限为1 copy/μL;特异性实验表明每一种病原菌与其余10种对照细菌均无交叉反应。应用建立的方法检测200份实际样本和40份人工污染样本,结果表明同RT-qPCR检测结果一致性高(分别为Kappa=0.927和Kappa=1.000)。结论 RAA-Cas13a检测方法具有灵敏度高,特异性强等优点,能用于4种腹泻病原菌的快速检...     

基于实时荧光环介导等温扩增快速检测鸡肉中的大肠杆菌O157:H

以大肠杆菌O157:H7的VT2基因序列设计特异性引物,利用Midori Green新型核酸荧光染料,建立鸡肉中大肠杆菌O157:H7实时荧光定量环介导等温扩增(Rti-LAMP)检测方法。纯培养大肠杆菌O157:H7检测灵敏度达3.5 CFU/反应,需时45 min。模拟大肠杆菌O157:H7污染鸡肉样品,经37℃增菌4 h,用Whirl-pak无菌袋过滤离心得沉淀,提取样品DNA模板用于Rti-LAMP反应,检测大肠杆菌O157:H7灵敏度达140 CFU/g,整个检测流程约7 h。采用蒙脱石封闭的活性炭前处理污染鸡肉样品,不经增菌过程,结果表明:该Rti-LAMP检测方法灵敏度达12 CFU/g,整个检测耗时约4.5 h。市购鸡肉样品51份,以大肠杆菌国标检测法为对照,研究基于Rti-LAMP联合增菌或封闭活性炭预处理而不经增菌的两种方法,对比检测临床鸡肉样品大肠杆菌O157:H7污染率。结果:国标法和增菌的Rti-LAMP两种方法均检测到同一鸡肉样品为大肠杆菌O157:H7阳性,经封闭活性炭预处理而未经增菌的Rti-LAMP则检测到8份鸡肉样品大肠杆菌O157:H7阳性。研究表明,封闭活性炭预处理的Rti-LAMP检测方法较国标法更灵敏、快速、简便、特异地检测鸡肉中大肠杆菌O157:H7污染。     

Multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in meat samples

A multiplex PCR method was developed for simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in meat samples. DNA detection sensitivity for this method was 10(3) CFU/ml for each pathogen. When this protocol was used for the detection of each of the above pathogenic bacteria in spiked pork samples, 1 cell per 25 g of inoculated sample could be detected within 30 h. In the samples of naturally contaminated meat, Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes, and E. coli O157:H7 were detected over the same time period. Excellent agreement was obtained for the results of multiplex PCR and the conventional culture method, which suggests that the multiplex PCR is a reliable and useful method for rapid screening of meat products for Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes, and E. coli O157:H7 contamination.     

实时荧光环介导等温扩增技术快速检测牛肉中的大肠杆菌O157

目的 建立实时荧光环介导等温扩增技术(real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification, RF-LAMP)快速检测大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli, EHEC)O157的分析方法。方法 针对大肠杆菌O157编码O抗原的rfbE基因设计引物。对该方法进行特异性验证, 同时对大肠杆菌O157:H7纯培养物的灵敏度和人工污染牛肉的检出限进行测定, 对61份牛肉样品进行RF-LAMP检测, 并与GB 4789.36-2016方法进行比较, 评价RF-LAMP方法的敏感性、特异性和准确度。结果 10株大肠杆菌O157呈阳性结果, 21株非大肠杆菌O157呈阴性结果, 该方法特异性良好。纯培养物检测的灵敏度为5.1 CFU/mL, 人工污染的牛肉样品的检出限为5.1 CFU/g。结论 本研究建立的RF-LAMP技术特异性好、灵敏度高、操作简单, 可实时监测扩增反应, 避免了繁琐的电泳过程, 实现了对大肠杆菌O157的快速检测, 对大肠杆菌O157引起的食源性疾病的预防和控制具有重要意义。     

可视化-环介导等温扩增技术检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7

目的 建立可视化的环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP)联合横向流动试纸条(lateral flow dipstick, LFD)方法检测肠出血性大肠杆菌(enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, EHEC)O157:H7的分析方法。方法 以EHEC O157:H7的遗传标志性基因z3276基因序列为检测靶标设计6条LAMP特异性引物, 其中2条环引物分别标记异硫氰酸荧光素和地高辛, 用LFD检测扩增产物, 建立EHEC O157:H7 LAMP-LFD检测方法。结果 所建立的检测方法能够特异性的检测EHEC O157:H7, 与试验对照菌株EHEC O26、O145、O45、O121, 及其他主要大肠杆菌血清型O25、O78、O103、O111、O127、O138、O139、O141, 及禽致病性大肠杆菌(avian pathogenic Escherichia coli, APEC)E058、肠致病性大肠杆菌(enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, EPEC)SEC627、EPEC SEC689、K12-MG1655、BL21, 和其他种属的受试菌, 不存在交叉反应; 对EHEC O157:H7纯培养物的最低检测限为1.3 CFU/mL。结论 本研究所建立的LAMP-LFD检测方法特异性和敏感性良好, 操作简单, 结果可视。     

Modifications to methods for the enumeration and detection of injured Escherichia coli O157:H7 in foods

Reliable methods are required for the detection and enumeration of potentially injured E. coli O157 in food in the presence of outnumbering competing bacteria. Selective agents can prevent or inhibit the recovery and subsequent multiplication of injured cells and direct inoculation, either into selective enrichment broths or onto selective agar plates is still used in many methods for E. coli O157 detection and enumeration. When compared with tryptone soya agar (TSA), sorbitol MacConkey agar (SMAC) was shown to underestimate the concentration of viable E. coli O157:H7 subjected to low pH and high NaCl concentration. Using a resuscitation stage on TSA followed by membrane transfer to SMAC improved recovery to levels obtained on TSA. The membrane method was used to monitor the numbers of artificially contaminated E. coli O157:H7 during the fermentation of a meat product and demonstrated better survival when compared to counts on SMAC. Six rapid methods for the detection of E. coli O157 in food (BAX E. coli O157, Reveal 8 E. coli O157-H7 screening test, VIP EHEC, VIDAS E. coli O157 (ECO), EHEC-Tek and Tecra E. coli O157 visual immunoassay), were evaluated using beetburgers, parsley and fermented meat artificially contaminated with injured cells. Methods using direct selective enrichment, with or without an elevated incubation temperature gave false-negative results. The incorporation of a non-selective pre-enrichment medium improved the detection rates of these assays by up to ten fold.     

Escherichia coli O157:H7 in retail ground beef in Seattle: results of a one-year prospective study

Escherichia coli O157:H7 was sought systematically in 1,400 samples of retail ground beef in Seattle in a 1-year prospective study. Sorbitol-nonfermenting, lactose-fermenting, indole-positive colonies isolated after enrichment culture were probed for the presence of Shiga toxin genes. Totals of 67,040 sorbitol-nonfermenting and 66,705 sorbitol-fermenting colonies were characterized, but E. coli O157:H7 was not identified. The sensitivity of this technique was usually sufficient to detect E. coli O157:H7 at a concentration below 1 CFU/g of meat. These data demonstrate that retail ground beef in Seattle is neither frequently nor heavily contaminated with E. coli O157:H7.     

流式分析技术快速定量检测牛乳中大肠杆菌O157:H7

建立一种基于流式分析技术的快速定量检测牛乳中大肠杆菌O157:H7的方法。用偶联有异硫氰酸荧光素的大肠杆菌O157单克隆抗体对大肠杆菌O157:H7进行特异性标记,通过优化抗体反应条件,建立流式检测方法,然后对磷酸盐缓冲溶液（phosphate buffer saline,PBS）和人工污染牛乳样品中不同浓度的大肠杆菌O157:H7进行定量检测。本研究建立的流式检测方法的在PBS中的检测范围为2.57×103～1.12×108?CFU/mL,灵敏度达到2.57×103?CFU/mL。将所建立的流式检测方法应用于牛乳样品检测,当人工污染牛乳样品中大肠杆菌O157:H7的浓度在2.31×104～1.48×108?CFU/mL之间时,流式检测方法与平板计数方法检测结果基本一致,方法的灵敏度为2.31×104?CFU/mL,检测时间为35?min。该方法能快速、定量地检测出牛乳样品中的大肠杆菌O157:H7,在食源性致病菌的快速筛查和监控中具有重要的应用价值。     

The use of a fluorescent bacteriophage assay for detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in inoculated ground beef and raw milk.

The objective of this study was to develop a fluorescent bacteriophage assay (FBA) for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 in ground beef and raw milk. The FBA is a two step assay that combines immunomagnetic separation, to separate the target organism from mixed culture, with a highly specific fluorescently stained bacteriophage to label the E. coli O157:H7 cells. When used in conjunction with flow cytometry, the FBA was able to detect 2.2 CFU/g of artificially contaminated ground beef following a 6 h enrichment. Between 10(1) and 10(2) CFU/ml of artificially contaminated raw milk were detectable after a 10 h enrichment step. The results show that the FBA is potentially useful as a rapid technique for the preliminary detection of E. coli O157:H7 in food.     

Detection and quantitation of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157, O111, and O26 in beef and bovine feces by real-time polymerase chain reaction

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 and certain non-O157 EHEC serotypes (such as O26:H11, O26: NM, O11:H8, and O111:NM) have emerged as significant causes of human disease throughout the world. Important virulence attributes of EHEC are the intimin protein (encoded by the eae gene) and Shiga toxins 1 and 2 (encoded by the stx1 and stx2 genes, respectively). Two sets of real-time polymerase chain reaction (R-PCR) assays were developed for the simultaneous detection and quantitation of EHEC through the monitoring of the presence of the eae and stx genes, and these assays were evaluated. In the eaeR-PCR assay, three sets of primers and TaqMan probes were designed for the amplification and real-time detection of a portion of the eae gene specific to the EHEC O26, O111, and O157 serotypes. In the stxR-PCR assay, two sets of primers and TaqMan probes were used to amplify and detect the stx1 and stx2 genes. DNA prepared from 67 bacterial strains carrying known virulence markers was tested to determine the specificities of the two assays. In the eaeR-PCR assay, eaeO157- and eaeO111-specific primer-probe sets identified only EHEC O157 and O111 strains, respectively. The eaeO26-specific primer-probe set identified all EHEC 026 isolates and some Shiga toxin-negative serotypes of enteropathogenic E. coli and rabbit diarrheagenic E. coli. The stxR-PCR assay was able to identify only those strains carrying either or both of the Shiga toxin-encoding genes. The detection range of both R-PCR assays was linear over DNA concentrations corresponding to 10(3) to 10(8) CFU/ml of an EHEC strain. Both assays were able to detect and quantify very low levels (1 to 10 CFU/g of food or feces) of EHEC in feces and ground beef enriched for 16 h in a modified Trypticase soy broth. In conclusion, eae- and stx-based R-PCR assays are reliable and sensitive methods for the rapid screening and specific and quantitative detection of important serotypes of EHEC in cattle and in foods of bovine origin.